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Effectiveness Evaluation of Waste-to-energy process
Klimek, Petr ; Martinec, Jiří (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on the evaluation of the effectiveness of using municipal waste to produce energy. On the basis of legislation applicable in the EU methodology is summarized evaluation of the facility as an energy recovery of waste. In the thesis is also created a consecution to determine decisive coefficients of legislatively-based criteria. The consecution is applied to the case study. Thesis serves as the basis for a software application.
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Sustainable management of municipal waste
Širůček, Vojtěch ; Niesner, Jakub (referee) ; Klimek, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor’s thesis is focused on the issue of disposal of biodegradable municipal waste management. The thesis asseses the current situation and possible ways of management with this kind of waste. Emphasis is placed on efficient utilization. Aim is to design of possible solution to eliminate landfilling of municipal waste in the Czech republic in accordance with legal demands of the European Union.
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Bio-based composites from agricultural residues and other waste materials
Klímek, Petr
The main goal of the dissertation is to suggest several types of bio-based composites, notably particleboards, made from alternative materials (bio-waste, waste, plants´ residues) as an alternative to the currently produced wooden particleboards. The thesis provides a review and synthesis of the state-of-the-art literature. In the first part the literature is summarized and basic economical and ecological aspects of wood replacements for particleboards by using alternative materials are discussed. Further, mechanical properties data of suggested alternative particleboards are compiled, to give state-of-art insights in alternative particleboards developments. In the state-of-art, the compiled literature data are analysed through Ashby plots and give suggestions on what particleboards properties should be optimized. This evauationhave also proved that particleboards made from plants stalks, wood prunings and other wastes eg. waste tea leaves, peanut hulls, walnut shells could be economically viable alternative for the industry. The second part of this dissertation is concerned with designing and developing particleboards from the alternative resources available in Central Europe: (1) In total, 16 types of particleboards were produced from stalks coming from cup plants, Miscanthus, sunflower and topinambour. These particleboards are specified by standard mechanical tests and the effects of resin content and resin type were studied. Also chemical analysis were performed to determine the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents. Structure of the Miscanthus particleboard were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). (2) Particleboards were also made and evaluated with different wastes. Particleboard made from BSG (Brewer´s spent grain) were characterized by their mechanical properties, chemical comosition and microscopic structure (SEM). Further, polyethylene terephtalate (PET) waste was added to wooden particleboards. Here, in addition to mechanical properties also microscopic structure and bond failures were analysed using SEM, with air-plasma treated PET particles studied by chemiluminescence and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for their altered surface chemistry. The final section presents eight particleboard types made from recovered painted wood, as reclaimed from window frames. The effect of painted particles on the physical and mechanical properties were evaluated. With respect to possible applications the most important finding is that all particleboards from plants stalks fulfilled minimal requirements of class P1 in EN 312, which is for general purposes in dry conditions. Furthermore, a three-layer particleboard with spruce surface layers, and a core-layer made from cup-plant would provide a regular appearance of the panel surfaces. Particleboards having 10 % BSG also fulfilled the P1 requirements of EN 312. The particle-particle bonding was found to be a weak point in a entire internal bonding systém. To improve internal bonding experiments with plasma-treated beech wood particles bonded by PVAc was performed. Results have shown a significant improvment of internal bonding due to the plasma treatment. Consequently, the identical plasma treatment was applied to PET particles, which were mixed with wood in the particleboards. Bonding was here improved as well, with the IB higher compared to the untreated control. It was shown that plasma treatment has potential to compensate for declined IB of particleboards using alternative sources. In final part of this thesis, particleboards from reclaimed wood from painted window frames were produced. Results have shown that particleboards using painted-reclaimed wood as well as cleaned reclaimed wood deliver a performance comparable with regular wooden particleboards, as well as reduced thickness swelling.
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Effectiveness Evaluation of Waste-to-energy process
Klimek, Petr ; Martinec, Jiří (referee) ; Pavlas, Martin (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on the evaluation of the effectiveness of using municipal waste to produce energy. On the basis of legislation applicable in the EU methodology is summarized evaluation of the facility as an energy recovery of waste. In the thesis is also created a consecution to determine decisive coefficients of legislatively-based criteria. The consecution is applied to the case study. Thesis serves as the basis for a software application.
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Sustainable management of municipal waste
Širůček, Vojtěch ; Niesner, Jakub (referee) ; Klimek, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor’s thesis is focused on the issue of disposal of biodegradable municipal waste management. The thesis asseses the current situation and possible ways of management with this kind of waste. Emphasis is placed on efficient utilization. Aim is to design of possible solution to eliminate landfilling of municipal waste in the Czech republic in accordance with legal demands of the European Union.
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Effective Communication in multi-level Marketing
Klimek, Petr ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor) ; Řepová, Helena (referee)
This bachelor thesis aims to introduce the concept of multi-level marketing, map possibilities of communication and identify the effective communication style. To verify uttered hypotheses and finding other pieces of knowledge is used an electronic questionnaire, which was filled by 218 respondents. The results are analysed and described in detail. The effective communication style is determined, it can be used by a trader in multi-level marketing and also the ideal scheme during sales negotiations is described. The findings and recommendations of this work can be used not only by independent dealers in multi-level marketing, but also traders in other sectors.
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