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Reflection and Reconstruction of Critical Theory of Sport
Ondráček, Vojtěch ; Hauser, Michael (advisor) ; Růžička, Jiří (referee) ; Numerato, Dino (referee)
This thesis presents the critical theory of sport that emerged in the 1960s in France. It is based on an analysis of the texts of the main representative of this project, Jean-Marie Brohm, from 1964-1978. It analyzes its basic concepts, theoretical background, sources, methodology and political activism. Critical theory of sport is explained as a specific kind of political theory of sport that applies Marxist and psychoanalytic concepts, resulting in a completely original approach to the study of sport. The thesis makes the categorization of this theory by dividing it into political, economic and ideological critiques. Sport is conceived in this theoretical perspective as a repressive tool of the ruling class, which enables its power reproduction and manipulation of the masses. The inner dynamics of sport depend on the logic of capital and the exploitation, alienation and mechanization of athletes. Next object of analysis is also the ideology of sport and its functions. The thesis also includes a presentation of the historical genesis of the critical theory of sport in the context of the events of May '68, which became a defining moment not only for its emergence, but also for its later development, which the thesis also reflects and explains in a broader context. Emphasis is placed on the...
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Socratic asking as a way to the truth
Procházka, Ondřej ; Rybák, David (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
The thesis is focused on the method of Socratic questioning the essence of things and phenomena. This approach to his difficult, almost aporethical problems, is based on a structured, critical assessment of a given specific situation. These basic features will be demonstrated in Plato's early dialogues, specifically in Prótagoras and Faidros, where not only will we recognize the basic features of this dialectical method, but we will be able to understand the fundamental difference between Socrates and sophists. However, in order to fully understand this method, it is first necessary to understand the psychic and mental development of Socrates. Therefore, in addition to the above-mentioned texts, my work will also be based on the work of Jan Patočka, who maps this historical course and profile of the philosopher's life. What is the main point in the method of Socratic questioning? How can it be understood as a path to truth? And how can its knowledge and application change our daily lives?
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Problem of Understanding at Philosophy by H. G. Gadamer
Šupková, Lucie ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the problem of understanding in the philosophy of Hans-Georg Gadamer, a 20th century German philosopher. The aim of this thesis was to explain the problem of understanding and to remind how understanding is important in all areas of human activity. The first part explains what hermeneutics is, its transition from regional to general hermeneutics, and the transition from epistemological to ontological hermeneutics. The second part introduces the various philosophers who are involved in hermeneutics, namely Friedrich Schleiermacher, Wilhelm Dilthey, Martin Heidegger, Paul Ricoeur and Hans-Georg Gadamer. The bachelor thesis draws most heavily on the works of these authors. The third part discusses the basic themes of hermeneutics with regard to the philosophy of Hans-Georg Gadamer. The last part explains the concept of historical consciousness and its influence on understanding oneself in dialogue. It also discusses the principle of the merging of horizons and the importance of conversations.
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