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Life cycle assessment methods for BEV and PHEV batteries
Dvořák, Matouš ; Pokorný, Jan (referee) ; Fišer, Jan (advisor)
Electromobility is a current topic and a way to reduce the carbon footprint not only in personal transport. The operation of an electric car does not have a direct impact on emissions compared to an internal combustion engine car. However, the issue remains the production of the battery, which contains rare metals that are very energy and environmentally demanding to extract. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the energy consumption and emission footprint of the production of different types of batteries. The thesis includes a general introduction to the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, followed by a chapter on battery design and the classification of batteries according to electrode chemistry. The analysis of LCA studies of batteries shows that the least energy intensive battery in terms of production is the battery with NMC cathode and in terms of emissions it is the battery with LMO cathode. However, the results are strongly influenced by the input data, which are often different in LCA studies, so it is not possible to draw a clear conclusion. Part of the thesis deals with the analysis of the environmental impacts of battery production using different energy mixes and different types of production technologies. The work can serve as a basis for a more detailed investigation of the production part of the battery and for minimizing the environmental impact of this process.
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Visualisation of the flow in the ventilation unit
Šebetka, Kryštof ; Fišer, Jan (referee) ; Pech, Ondřej (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the basics of hydrodynamics. The basic principles and functions of flow visualization are described. Different types of visualizations are also discussed, followed by a list of specific visualization methods that are described in more detail. Another topic is ventilation and air conditioning. The thesis includes a short summary of the historical development of ventilation and air-conditioning and brief information about this industry. General descriptions of the components that are most relevant to the industry are also covered. Then the thesis comes to the experimental part, where is description of the ventilation unit inside which the flow visualization was performed. This is followed by the description of the experiment itself, the aim of which was to perform the flow visualization by the smoke method inside the ventilation unit, the construction of which was gradually modified to make the visualization as simple as possible and as recognizable as possible. The apparatus for the visualization is described, as well as the process of gradual development of the unit, how the different components had to be modified to improve the quality of the visualization. This is illustrated in photographs showing the flow before and after the modifications. The last section describes the process of trying to reduce the pressure losses that occurred between the different components of the ventilation unit, which were measured and compared at different stages of the modifications.
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Optimization of the cockpit ventilation system of a small transport aircraft
Vícena, Ondřej ; Charvát, Pavel (referee) ; Fišer, Jan (advisor)
This thesis deals with the optimization of the cockpit ventilation system of a small transport aircraft. The current system does not allow the ECS system to function without activating the main engines, which limits its effectiveness in ground operations. The theoretical part provides a basic theoretical framework for understanding and evaluating the thermal comfort in the cockpit, including heat transfer modes, cabin microclimate during different operating modes, and the definition of fundamental concepts related to ECS in pressurized and non-pressurized cabins. The experimental part focuses on the extension of the system with a suitable electric motor fan to provide cabin air supply even during ground operations at the airport. It includes testing the thermal effect of the supplied untreated air on the human body using a thermal manikin and a cabin simulator. In addition, heat removal from the body surface and subjective thermal sensation at different airflows and outlet routing were investigated for ambient temperature.
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Sleep quality depending on room environment
Veličková, Kateřina ; Pokorný, Jan (referee) ; Fišer, Jan (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis was to determine the thermal resistance of selected sleep assemblies (clothing, mattress, blanket, pillow) using measurements with a thermal manikin and subsequently to determine the appropriate ambient temperatures at which a balanced thermal equilibrium between the sleeping person and their environment would be maintained. Four different assemblies were selected for measurement purposes, differing in the type of blanket used (summer blanket, quilt, cover, and no blanket). The influence of the thermal manikin's position on the measured value was also investigated. It was proven that the influence of position on the overall thermal resistance is negligible, with measured values ranging from 1.12 clo (assembly without a blanket in the side position) to 2.05 clo (assembly with a summer blanket in the back position). Subsequently, appropriate ambient temperatures were determined using the PMV model, which ranged from 24.4 °C to 28.6 °C. The two-node model proved to be insufficiently sensitive for the addressed issue, and the heat flux maps derived from the equivalent temperature model were not calibrated for sleep but for mild activity while seated. Nevertheless, they provided interesting information about the perception of thermal comfort in different parts of the body.
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Hidden cultural values of the protected areas
Fišer, J. ; Novák, David ; Šmejda, L.
The cultural character of the landscape stems not only from its current economic structure but also from the anthropogenic past reflected in numerous relics, which show that people in the past also used the part of the landscape that is now protected for its natural values. However, the intensity of these activities was linked to general settlement strategies with a strong respect to the geomorphological characteristics of the landscape. Large-scale protected natural areas are characterised by exceptional landscape features or significant natural values. Even in these parts of the landscape, past human influence was significant and left its traces. The intensity and specifics of this influence are presented in the paper on the basis of archaeological data. The archaeological data were processed into a grid whose values are related to the number of archaeological periods present in the given area. The protected landscape was used by people rather sporadically and the increase in activity can only be associated with the mediaeval and modern periods. Areas of the unprotected landscape were more intensively used in the past. However, the explanation for the difference is not based on social preferences but on the geomorphological structure of the protected landscape and its associated settlement history.
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Ventilation and air conditioning of a car cabine
Viščor, Petr ; Hejčík, Jiří (referee) ; Fišer, Jan (advisor)
In this work are described kinds and functions of air-conditioning systems which are used in cars. Further is described heat transfer between car cabin and ambient environment and issue of reduction of air-conditioning energy consumption. Last part of the work contains numerical simulation made by the THESEUS-FE 2.1 software package. This simulation was done on a model of the Toyota Prius car and was focused on effect of glazing on a temperature of the air inside the car cabin during hot summer days.
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Modern Art Gallery Brno
Skořepová, Lucie ; Fišer, Jiří (referee) ; Odvárka, Antonín (advisor) ; Štěpánek, Ladislav (advisor)
The new building of the Modern Art Gallery in Brno is situated at South side of the hill called Kraví hora, near the city center. The building site is relatively spacious and its location follows on park. Also the whole urban solution concept of the site follows the park idea. The gallery park should serve as an outdoor exhibition space as well as a communication point between two sides of the hill – Náměstí míru and Veveří street. So the main initial points of the design are freedom of movement, passage of nature and to be surrounded by the art. The Modern Art Gallery project consists of the main building and other small buildings used as studios. In the main building of the gallery there is an exhibition place, educational center, library and other services for the visitors. The small studios situated in the garden should be rent to the starting artists. They would have there their hinterland for work and exhibitions, so the public can have personal contact with them. The shape of the building is based on a slightly deformed cuboid. The middle part is taken away, so there is an opening in it. This opening forms a vista through the building and a covered public space as well. The building works with two main views of the city. The first one is through the middle opening in the building and the mass of the building frames it. The second one is from the roof terrace of the building on the Brno dominate – Špilberk castle.
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Air-conditioning of office rooms
Taclík, Jakub ; Toma, Róbert (referee) ; Fišer, Jan (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to design the air conditioning system for one floor of the offices. The thesis is divided into theoretical, computational and design part. The computational part consists in determining the amount of ventilation air, calculation of heat losses, heat gains and psychrometric calculations for summer and winter season. Based on the calculated values, air ducts, end-points and air-conditioning units are designed. The diploma thesis is supplemented with a list of materials and drawing documentation.
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Multifunctional building Brno - Líšeň
Rudolecká, Anna ; Fišer, Jiří (referee) ; Odvárka, Antonín (advisor) ; Pěnčík, Jan (advisor)
Bachelor thesis examines the creation of individual stages of project documentation to the study of the new building from subject AG035. The project deals with the new multifunctional house located in the district Lisen on the plot of land p. No. 4418/1 in the cadastral territory of Brno. The plat is situated on a sloping terrain. The project takes into account solving of surrounding areas as well, particularly in front of the area and connection to the public transport infrastructure. The mass of the object consists of four large blocks. Two of them are double-storey and two are single-storey. Blocks are interconnected by a glass tunnel, set on a symbolic pedestal. The pedestal is formed from two recessed floors of underground parking. The object is four-storey with two overground floors, which are mostly commercialized in the form of lettable spaces (e. g. for business, services, administration, etc.). Another part of the floors is used for technical and hygienic facilities. Two underground floors can be used by employees and visitors for car parking. Access to these floors is provided by a car lift, personal lifts and two stairs that connect all floors. The principle of the draft consists in the intention to place the mass of the building in the environment in the most sensitive way, so that the building doesn't act heavily, such as the surrounding settlement, but naturally follows the surrounding two-storey houses. That was achieved by the material solution of the above-ground floors. Five materials prevail in the exterior. Extensive vegetative roof, face concrete, two types of fitted facades (DuPontTM Corian® facade panels + glass panels with a sign symbolizing the crowns of trees and shrubs; other types of facade are vertical metal lamellae). Another predominant material is glass, which is used for the interconnection tunnel and the north and south facade.
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