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Availability of Critical Drugs in Czech Republic - Supply Chain Resilience and Dependence
Linhart, Jakub ; Boštíková, Vanda (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
Thesis title: Availability of critical medicines in the Czech Republic - dependence and resilience of supply chains Author: Jakub Linhart Thesis supervisor: prof. RNDr. Vanda Boštíková, Ph.D. Master thesis Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University, Department of Security Studies Department of Security Studies, Faculty of Security Studies, Charles University Prague 2023 Abstract The SARS-Cov-2 pandemic has highlighted the fragility of supply chains in the pharmaceutical industry. The first research question of this thesis concerns the location of manufacturing capacity for selected critical drugs. The drugs were selected based on the health status of the population and the prevalence of common diseases. The second research question concerns the preparedness of the security system for large-scale disruptions in the supply of pharmaceuticals. In this paper, the author drew on expert interviews and open sources. Another key source was data provided by the State Institute for Drug Control and the Institute of Population Protection of Lázně Bohdaneč. The results of the thesis indicate a substantial Indian and Chinese production for the selected critical drugs, with significant differences between the drugs. Based on the results of the thesis, the author found shortcomings in crisis preparedness for the...
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An inevitable collision: Health, biology and security in times of pandemic
Adam, Sarah Jeanne ; Boštíková, Vanda (advisor) ; Biagini, Erika (referee)
For more than two and a half years now, experts and scholars around the world have been unanimous about one thing: the COVID-19 pandemic is the greatest challenge of our times. Since the SARS-CoV-2 first emerged in the Chinese province of Wuhan in December 2019, more than 560 thousand millions of confirmed cases were documented and approximately 6,3 millions of deaths were recorded throughout the world. Its extreme virulence and lethality, combined with its devastating consequences, prompted states leaders and international actors to frame the disease as a threat to their national and international security. In other words, the COVID-19 was securitized by actors in position of authority who presented and labeled the issue as an existential security threat. While the COVID-19 is not the first health-related issue to be securitized, the case of the COVID-19 revealed a security rationale that was not present in the previous securitizations. Indeed, many scientists and field experts have noted the relevance of another aspect that was brought up by the securitization of the COVID-19: the vulnerabilities of states toward biological threats as a whole, and not only infectious diseases. The COVID-19 was therefore not only presented as a security threat because of its high morbidity/mortality rates and the...
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Photodynamic antimikrobial therapy
Ryšková, Lenka ; Buchta, Vladimír (advisor) ; Boštíková, Vanda (referee) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Photodynamic antimicrobial therapy Background: Photodynamic antimicrobial therapy is proposed as a potential topical, noninvasive approach suitable for treatment of locally occuring infection. The fact that bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics and antiseptics has lead to an increased interest in the field of developing new alternative eradication methods, such as PACT. Whereas gram-positive bacteria are generally sensitive to photoinactivation, gram-negative bacteria and fungi are usually less susceptible. Research of photosensitizers (PS) as well as development has been going on with the aim to find effective antimicrobial substances, which would have a broad-spectrum potency. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal effect of fifteen Pc derivatives. Methods: Fifteen different Pc were investigated. Their photokilling activity was tested on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. After treating of microbial cells with Pc in the concentrations: 1 mg/l, 2 mg/l, 4 mg/l, 8 mg/l for 30 minutes, the cultures were irradiated with low-power laser light wavelength of 670 nm (20 J/cm2 , 40 J/cm2 ). The effectiveness of photoinactivation was evaluated based on the decrease of a number (log10) of viable bacteria. Results: Eight tested Pc...
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The development of an eukaryotic expression system for the analysis of structure, expression and function of NK cell receptors
Frydrychová, Simona ; Fikrová, Petra (advisor) ; Boštíková, Vanda (referee)
Author: Bc. Simona Frydrychová Title: The development of an eukaryotic expression system for the analysis of structure, expression and function of NK cell receptors Diploma Thesis Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec králové Field of study: Specialist in Laboratory Methods The theoretical part of the diploma thesis aims to introduce in detail human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The SIV infection of certain monkey species represents currently the only available model of human AIDS. In addition, readers will learn about the characteristics of NK cells. This part also focuses on receptors of NK cells, especially KIRs. The results of previous studies have shown that some variants of KIR alleles are associated with a favourable course of HIV infection. On the basis of this key information the attention is concentrated on the development of monoclonal antibodies that uniquely determine individual variants of KIR receptors. Such monoclonal antibodies will then allow for more detailed studies of the role of certain KIRs in the disease progression and enable to deepen our knowledge of mechanisms of the disease. The experimental part of the diploma thesis focuses on the development of the expression system of individual variants of KIR alleles. It...
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Photodynamic antimikrobial therapy
Ryšková, Lenka ; Buchta, Vladimír (advisor) ; Boštíková, Vanda (referee) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Photodynamic antimicrobial therapy Background: Photodynamic antimicrobial therapy is proposed as a potential topical, noninvasive approach suitable for treatment of locally occuring infection. The fact that bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics and antiseptics has lead to an increased interest in the field of developing new alternative eradication methods, such as PACT. Whereas gram-positive bacteria are generally sensitive to photoinactivation, gram-negative bacteria and fungi are usually less susceptible. Research of photosensitizers (PS) as well as development has been going on with the aim to find effective antimicrobial substances, which would have a broad-spectrum potency. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal effect of fifteen Pc derivatives. Methods: Fifteen different Pc were investigated. Their photokilling activity was tested on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. After treating of microbial cells with Pc in the concentrations: 1 mg/l, 2 mg/l, 4 mg/l, 8 mg/l for 30 minutes, the cultures were irradiated with low-power laser light wavelength of 670 nm (20 J/cm2 , 40 J/cm2 ). The effectiveness of photoinactivation was evaluated based on the decrease of a number (log10) of viable bacteria. Results: Eight tested Pc...
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The development of an eukaryotic expression system for the analysis of structure, expression and function of NK cell receptors
Frydrychová, Simona ; Fikrová, Petra (advisor) ; Boštíková, Vanda (referee)
Author: Bc. Simona Frydrychová Title: The development of an eukaryotic expression system for the analysis of structure, expression and function of NK cell receptors Diploma Thesis Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec králové Field of study: Specialist in Laboratory Methods The theoretical part of the diploma thesis aims to introduce in detail human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). The SIV infection of certain monkey species represents currently the only available model of human AIDS. In addition, readers will learn about the characteristics of NK cells. This part also focuses on receptors of NK cells, especially KIRs. The results of previous studies have shown that some variants of KIR alleles are associated with a favourable course of HIV infection. On the basis of this key information the attention is concentrated on the development of monoclonal antibodies that uniquely determine individual variants of KIR receptors. Such monoclonal antibodies will then allow for more detailed studies of the role of certain KIRs in the disease progression and enable to deepen our knowledge of mechanisms of the disease. The experimental part of the diploma thesis focuses on the development of the expression system of individual variants of KIR alleles. It...
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