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The effect of vegetation properties on soil organic matter decomposition
Čápová, Kateřina ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Vindušková, Olga (referee)
Dekompozice je důležitým činitelem v koloběhu uhlíku (C), přičemž je tento proces značně ovlivněn dostupností dusík Nicméně všechny faktory, které do dekompozice vstupují a ovlivňují ji nejsou patřičně prozkoumány, což také naznačují časté protichůdné výsledky řady publikací. Větší pochopení těchto vztahů nám zároveň pomohou k většímu pochopení sekvestrace uhlíku. A díky tomuto se můžeme lépe vyrovnávat globální bilanci uhlíku a tím snížit negativní dopady klimatické změny. Víme, že dekompozice se značně liší v jednotlivých stádiích. Důležitou roli hraje vstupní materiál zejména to, kolik obsahuje uhlíku a dusíku (poměr C:N), což naznačuje jak rychle, nebo pomalu se bude rozkládat. Zároveň také, mimo jiné, reaguje na vstupy uhlíku (C) a dusíku (N). Různých interakcí na abiotické, či biotické faktory dekompozice je daleko více. Nicméně stálý růst oxidu uhličitého a dusíku v prostředí a jejich vliv na rozkládaný materiál hraje čím dál tím důležitou roli, a proto je potřeba věnovat mu značnou pozornost. této studii jsem zkoumala jednotlivé reakce všech fází dekompozice na přídavky glukózy (C) a dusičnanu amonného (N). Zároveň jsem zkoumala, jakou roli v rozkladu hraje poměr CN a stabilita uhlíku v jednotlivých substrátech. Výsledky mé práce ukázaly, že organický materiál různého původu představuje organickou...
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Production and characterisation of human C1 inhibitor and Plasmodium falciparum PfMSP3.1 recombinant proteins for structural studies
Čápová, Kateřina ; Konvalinka, Jan (advisor) ; Heidingsfeld, Olga (referee)
PfMSP3.1 is one of the surface proteins of the intracellular parasite Plasmodium falciparum, which causes malaria. As one of the evasion strategies of the immunity system of the human host this protein interacts with one regulator of the complement system - C1 inhibitor. Determining the exact binding site and its structural assessment would help to better understand the interaction between the parasite and the host, which is necessary for the disease progression and thus for the development of a potential therapy. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the life cycle of Plasmodium falciparum, the role of the parasite stage called merozoite, the role of its surface proteins, including merozoite surface protein 3, in the attack of red blood cells by the parasite, are described in more detail. It also briefly describes the complement system, its activation pathways and the regulation of these pathways. The experimental part includes the cloning of plasmids to produce C1 inhibitor and various forms of merozoite surface protein PfMSP3.1, transfection of S2 insect cells with these plasmids, subsequent protein expression in S2 cells and their purification. In the second half of the experimental part, we tried to create complexes of C1 inhibitor with individual PfMSP3.1 forms and an attempt to crystallize...
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Final report about research in Sokolov post mining sites in 2021 based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of Soil Biology BC CAS
Frouz, Jan ; Bartuška, Martin ; Oppong, J.C. ; Lišková, K. ; Houška, J. ; Červenka, J. ; Kučera, J. ; Bednářová, E. ; Reitschmiedová, E. ; Dvorščík, P. ; Mudrák, O. ; Šimáňová, D. ; Woś, B. ; Karimi Nezhad, Mohammad Tashin ; Mustafa, Adnan ; Pietrzykowski, M. ; Kopecký, T. ; Hovorková, M. ; Čápová, K.
The report brings main results of the research about soil and ecosystem recovery in post mining landscape near Sokolov based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of soil biology, BC CAS.
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The effect of earthworms on plant communities
Čápová, Kateřina ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Mudrák, Ondřej (referee)
The thesis provides a literature review, which mainly deals with the distinction of short-term and long-term effect of earthworms on the soil. The work describes the whole process of succession, succession on dump, the research part is carried out on land from dumps. The influence of plants on soil and the influence of soil on plants are described. As well as the effects of biota on soil and soil on biota. In particular, the effect of earthworms on the area and the distinction between short-term and long-term earthworm effects are described. The research part deals with the distinction between short-term and long-term effects of earthworms on the soil and plant growth. Above all, a detailed analysis of the soil on which the pot experiment took place. Aboveground and underground biomass and growth of early and late successive plant species were examined, as well as soil pH, conductivity, microbial respiration, PLFA, ergosterol, determination of NO3-, P, carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and C: N ratio. Thanks to these analyzes, we can better distinguish our investigative issue. The results of my work showed a significant effect of both the immediate presence of earthworms and long-term presence on plant growth and microbial activity. These interactions have been shown to have a complicated pattern during...
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Final report about research in Sokolov post mining sites in 2020 based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of Soil Biology BC CAS
Frouz, Jan ; Bartuška, Martin ; Lišková, K. ; Angst, Gerrit ; Sun, Daquan ; Kučera, J. ; Bednářová, E. ; Spurná, V. ; Jílková, Veronika ; Heděnec, P. ; Ćápová, K. ; Müllerová, V. ; Irshach, S.
The report brings main results of the research about soil and ecosystem recovery in post mining landscape near Sokolov based on agreement between ENKI ops and Institute of soil biology, BC CAS.
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Babywearing - risks and benefits from a physiotherapautic point of view
ČÁPOVÁ, Kateřina
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of babywearing in a wrap from the physiotherapeutic point of view. The aim of the work was to find out what the risks and benefits of this phenomenon are. Another aim was to explore the views of the professionals and general public on babywearing. In the theoretical part, the general and psychological aspects of babywearing, its history, the types of wraps and tying techniques are presented. The next chapter expands on the issue from the physiotherapy perspective, especially with respect to the child's musculoskeletal system. The section also includes a chapter on a similarity between babywearing and some aspects of selected methods used in the practice of a physiotherapist. The possible risks and benefits concerning this method of baby transport are summarized in the conclusion of the theoretical part. The practical part consists of quantitative research carried out using non-standardized questionnaires. It reflects the opinions of the professionals and lay public on this issue. The first respondent group consisted of 62 physiotherapists - while in the second one, the opinions of lay public were represented by a total of 75 parents. As the results of the research show a considerable discrepancy in opinions of the two respondent groups, I believe there is a need for physiotherapists to deal more with the matter of babywearing. Thus, the work could contribute to a mutual understanding between the therapist and the parent. This thesis can be used to extend the horizons of both the professional staff (paediatricians, orthopaedists, rehabilitation physicians, physiotherapists, midwives, etc.) and the general public, particularly parents.
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VOYAGER MESSAGE
Čápová, Klára Anna ; Egorova, Julia (advisor) ; Beseda, Jan (referee)
The theme of this work is the Voyager message that the U.S. National Aeronautics Space Administration (NASA) sent to the universe in 1977 on interstellar probes Voyager I and Voyager II. Voyager message consists of a phonograph record - called Golden Record - that carries a message for extraterrestrial civilization. The work provides the basic overview of scientific search for extraterrestrial life and describes the NASA Voyager program. Except for the basic overview of the message contents, the work offers an analysis of both visual and audio parts of the Voyager Message compilation. It employs the anthropology of science as an essential theoretical framework for examining the message contents. The work explores the reflections of scientific viewpoint and supposes science as the fundamental concept that shaped the composition of the Golden Record and considers mathematics as an universal tool of interstellar communication efforts.
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Biologically active substances of medicinal plants within selected families (Rosaceae, Lamiaceae and Asteraceae)
Čápová, Klára ; Vodičková, Hana (advisor) ; Zelený, Václav (referee)
For ages plants have not only been used as a source of food but also to prevent or treat various diseases. Their healing effects are provided by biologically active substances, especially the products of secondary metabolism. Primary metabolites, such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins, are particularly important from the nutritive point of view. They are an essential part of our diet. The same level of importance also applies to vitamins that serve as catalysts in a great number of metabolic reactions.
The aim of this thesis was to describe biologically active substances found in medicinal plants of the Rosaceae, Lamiaceae and Asteraceae families and to summarize their effects on human health. These families include many species of plants that have demonstrated positive effects on human health. The effects are mainly attributed to phenolic compounds, most of which are represented by flavonoids, phenolic acids and tannins. Furthermore, essential oils and vitamin C also have a positive impact on our health.
Medicinal plants from the previously mentioned families often have astringent, spasmolytic and antimicrobial properties, for which they owe to phenolic compounds, especially tannins, flavonoids and phenolic acids. Due to the content of essential oils and their spasmolytic effects they counteract cramps and diarrhoea, increase the production and secretion of bile and also have antimicrobial effects. Plants that contain vitamin C, an important antioxidant, can boost our immunity in general.
Another aim of this work was to define external factors that can influence the content and the metabolism of biologically active substances. Considering climatic conditions we have to mention temperature and light, which primarily influence the content of essential oils. Other factors could be soil composition, methods of cultivation, harvesting and post-harvest processing. During the process of drying there comes the loss of essential oils and vitamin C.
The integral part of this thesis was also to create an overview of selected medicinal plants of the Rosaceae, Lamiaceae and Asteraceae families, thein plant-based drugs, biologically active substances and their effects on human health.
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