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"De magistro" by Thomas Aquinas
Adamovič, Tomáš ; Rybák, David (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
Tomáš Adamovič "De magistro" Tomáše Akvinského "De magistro" by Thomas Aquinas Abstract The topic of the submitted Master Thesis is the "De magistro" question from the Disputed Questions on Truth by Thomas Aquinas. The aim of the work is to introduce basic thoughts of this text and present them in a broader context (compared to Plato, Augustine and heterodox Aristotelianisms). The herein applied methods include an analysis of the text, occasionally combined with compilation of Thomas Aquinas and comparison with the works of other authors. In the analysed text, Thomas Aquinas explains his concept of teaching, argues for the statements that a man can be called a teacher, that no one can be called a teacher of himself, that a man can be taught by an angel, and that teaching pertains more to the active life than to the contemplative life. The Thesis is supplemented with some questions of the present author. Keywords teacher, first principles, cognition, Thomas Aquinas, philosophy of education
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From Adorno to Habermas: A Study on the Relationship of Critical Theory and Religion
Hlaváček, Karel ; Balon, Jan (advisor) ; Halík, Tomáš (referee) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
In this text, the relation of critical theory and religion is analysed, comparing Jürgen Habermas's late philosophy with the philosophy of his predecessor Theodor W. Adorno. The question I ask is: What changes has the relation of critical theory and religion undergone in the transition from Adorno's thinking to that of his successor? As I try to answer this question, I develop a specific understanding of Adorno's philosophy as a "contemplative eschatology", and perform an in-depth study of how, why, and with what consequences it has changed to a frame oriented towards reaching understanding. In so doing, I point out the ambivalence which the turn towards understanding breeds, and suggest the religious motives discovered in Adorno's work deserve further attention.
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Comparison of political and cultural activities of the extreme right in the Czech Republic and Germany during 90's in the 20th century
Pardubská, Martina ; Stracený, Josef (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
Master thesis "The comparison of political and cultural activities of the extreme right in the Czech Republic and Germany during 90's in the 20th century" is firstly defining the terms related to study of the extreme right. Secondly, the thesis is analyzing success of German and Czech extreme right wing parties in the elections, then establishing and forms of membership in the extreme right organizations, making demonstrations, protest events and violent acts with extreme right context which are organized by supporters of the extreme right thoughts. Thirdly, the thesis is focusing on cultural activities, such as live music events with extreme right music artists, with outlining the lyrics of these Czech and German artists. Finally, comparative analysis is describing the form and frequency of all political and cultural activities. Conclusion of the thesis is that forms of the extreme right in the Czech Republic and Germany in the 90's were very similar, however in Germany these activities were more regular and more brutal. KEYWORDS Extreme right wing, ultra - right, neo - Nazism, extreme right wing parties, extreme right organizations, skinheads.
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Nietzsche's philosophical conception of man focused on criticism of religion and the revaluation of values
Turýnská, Gabriela ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
TITLE: Nietzsche's philosophical conception of man focused on criticism of religion and the revaluation of values AUTHOR: Gabriela Turýnská DEPARTMENT: Social sciences and philosophy department SUPERVISOR: Doc. PhDr. Naděžda Plecová, CSc. ABSTRACT: The thesis aims for analysis of Nietzsche's views on the human nature and education. It captures the evolution of his views on the nature of humanity with regard to the importance of body, will, intellect, relationship of the individual and society. It analyses the basic terms of the Nietzsche's philosophy like a man, the last man and Superman, as well as the terms of will to power and reassessment of all values. The end of the thesis points out influence of the Nietzsche's philosophy and the potential application his educationconcept today. KEYWORDS: Philosophical anthropology, will to power, morality of masters and slaves, superman
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Aesthetics and Politics: Jacques Rancière's approach
Krochmalný, Ondřej ; Hauser, Michael (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee) ; Kalábová, Helena (referee)
v anglickém jazyce Proposed thesis focuses on the writings of french theoretician Jacques Rancière. Particular emphasis is put on a manner, in which the spheres of aesthetics and politics appear and intervine in Rancière's works. The consequence of forementioned delimitation of the subject of my interest is that the thesis doesn't fully embody Rancière's thought. Mainly because of the restricted space, i omitted Rancière's historiographical works and also texts that deal with the narrowly defined questions of literature and film. Despite of those limitations, my goal is to provide a monographical introduction to Rancière's thought. This monograph, on the one hand, doesn't claim the complete coverage of Rancière's works, but it aims, on the other hand, to provide the overall insight into the essential questions that shaped (and still shape) Rancière's thought.
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Masaryk and Philosophy
Namyslo, Pavel ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
The topic of the present thesis is the philosophy of Tomáš Garrigue Masaryk. The main aim of the theses is to create a complete and lucid progress of Masaryk's thinking considering the main influence on Masaryk as a philisopher. The thesis examines what and who influenced Masaryk the most and which individual experience formed his global philosophy. The thesis proceeds chronologically and copies Masaryk's life. It describes his pesonal development influenced by the work of other authors and philosophers and also by examining the answers of newly risen questions. The individual traces in his thinking, however, are not strictly isolated. The theses is thus trying to find the intersection of different influences. The issues are mostly identical. Nevertheless, Masaryk's attitude towards them develops and changes. Every influence on Masaryk and his reflection would make a thesis itself, therefore we remain at the basic philosophical points. The theses examines three areas - the first is Masaryk's source, meaning the inspiring author. Second is Masaryk's interpretation and understanding. The last area deals with Masaryk's comments and other authors analyzing his work. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Buddha and his Teaching
Čechová, Šárka ; Rybák, David (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
The aim of this work is to understand some basic context of the Buddha's teachings and context in which it arises. At the same time we are trying our understanding at least partially shield the concepts and ideas of European tradition through which Buddhism is usually interpreted unproblematically. The problem of uniting traditions remain open and therefore this work does not aim to eliminate these problems, but we are only at grouping. In this work we are trying to draw attention to europocentrism perception of the Buddhist teachings, and based on this fact, at least in part, to interpret the Buddha's thoughts. Keywords Buddhism, Buddha, Eastern religions, Hinduism, India
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Problem of Grace in St. Augustin
Spiegelová, Veronika ; Rybák, David (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with St. Augustine and his theology of grace. It briefly introduces the context of Augustine's philosophy, explains the basic terms, and mainly focuses on the interpretation of Augustine's study of grace. It first analyses the thoughts and ideas of Saint Paul, the Apostle, which are relevant to the subject. Then it moves on to explaining the continuous development of Augustine's study of grace: how it is portrayed in his early works, the way in which it developed in his argument with Pelagius, and finally it introduces Augustine's most radical idea - the concept of predestination from his work To Simplician. The last part of the thesis covers the corresponding topic of love, specifically the love of neighbour, as it is discussed by Hannah Arendth in her work Love and Saint Augustine.
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Problem of Sacrament with especial regard to Eucharist and Matrimony
Skřivánek, Vratislav ; Rybák, David (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
This thesis Problem of Sacrament with especial regard to Eucharist and Matrimony deals with issues of the Sacrament, a relation of a visible and invisible level in the Sacrament, a role of a symbol and a comparison of a conception of the Sacrament in the orthodox, reformed and catholic churches from the religionistic point of view. Further, this thesis deals with two selected sacraments: the Eucharist which is the Sacrament in all the churches, and the Matrimony which most of the churches do not recognize as the Sacrament. In the issue of the Eucharist, there has been solved a progress of its understanding and a comparison of a conception in particular churches. In the issue of the Matrimony, there have been presented options why it is possible or not to recognize it as the Sacrament, then a comparison of a conception of the selected churches, an issue of a confesionally mixed marriages and an issue of divorces.
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