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The support of Czechoslovak opposition by France in 80's
Hrachová, Alena ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Štefek, Martin (referee)
The topic of this thesis is the support of the Czechoslovak opposition by France in 1980s. The support and contacts from the official French state representation as well as the support from the civic society is analysed. The writer focuses on the activity of the French embassy, the French institute in Prague, Association of 5th January and other associations established to support Charter 77 in France, Jan Hus Association, magazine Sv dectví, the French Socialist Party and other leftist groups and contacts of the churches. The visit of the French president Francois Mitterrand in Czechoslovakia in 1988 is read in context of the new concept of the French foreign politics toward the East. His meeting with the dissidents as well as the meeting of the independent civic associations 10th December 1988 is analysed from the point of view of the Czechoslovak state leaders. The writer uses the French and Czechoslovak newspapers of that period and the interviews with the participants of these events to interpret them and understand the connections.
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Czech society at the beginning of normalization
Fejtl, Michal ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Štefek, Martin (referee)
The thesis discusses the influence of three levels of Czech society after the year 1968. The first plane is the ideology of the new regime, which is called normalization. It was possible to force people to loyalty by Marxism-Leninism? And what ideological basis had the the normalization regime in Czechoslovakia, which was to legitimize his power? Second and broadmost is the plane of the social policy of the state. Since 1945 a large social network is developing in Czechoslovakia that has a great success especially in the consolidation of the new communist regime in the early 50th of the 20 century. After 1968, the situation is different than 20 years ago. This chapter focuses on each single area of social policy and examines the positive sides, but also negative ones. What had normalization social policy succeed in and what was the extent to which it led to consolidation of postaugust society in Czechoslovakia? On the other hand the text will be dealing with the negative aspects of social benefits offered by the regime. These negatives then largely contributed to the collapse of the regime at the end of 1989. The third chapter examines the extent of the early normalization strong criminal repression and their complexion. Social policy of the state in this part gets through with penal repression and...
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Občanské fórum in Slaný
Horáková, Michaela ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Štefek, Martin (referee)
The object of this study is the creation, activity and termination of Občanské fórum (OF) in the central Bohemia city Slaný. The OF in Slaný was established after the general strike on 27th November 1989 at home of one of the founders. Other OF were created spontaneously in the workplace and in schools and gradually merged into the urban OF. In the early days the dialogue was the priority, members of OF Slaný called for discussion by their deputies in the local national committee. The main objective is to clarify the activities of OF and its influence on events in Slaný in November and the days following. Many different people with different interests, motivations and desires came and left the OF. And it influenced his future direction and impact on the political scene in Slaný. Without the establishment of the OF it would be more difficult to put pressure on city officials to allow access to the administration for the non-communist parties. The parties and movements have been isolated. The OF was able to unify the parties and joint efforts have produced results. The functions of the OF were primarily informational, coordination and control. Strategy that both parties (the Communist Party and Občanské fórum) chose was a compromise. It took place the so-called round table and finding the program...
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Process of transformation inside KSČ in the period 1987-1989
Štefek, Martin ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Buben, Radek (referee)
Změny uvnitř Komunistické strany Československa v letech 1987-1989. Časové vymezení práce není a ani nemůže být striktní. Přesněji by se mělo jednat o situaci v KSČ v druhé polovině osmdesátých let, tedy v období, kdy v zemích východního bloku počaly hospodářské a politické změny, které neminuly ani ČSSR. Protože se chci zabývat především programovými a zejména personálními změnami ve vedení KSČ, stanovil jsem v názvu práce hraniční roky 1987-1989. Právě v roce 1987 došlo ve vedení strany k výměně na postu nejvyšším, kdy post generálního tajemníka ústředního výboru KSČ (ÚV KSČ) opustil prezident republiky Gustáv Husák. Počínaje listopadem toho roku výměny na postech v předsednictvu ústředního výboru (PÚV) pokračovaly dále. Během dvanácti měsíců se jedenáctičlenné PÚV (jehož členové až na výjimky straně vládli od roku 1969 resp. 1971) proměnilo téměř k nepoznání. Personální a programové změny se děly na pozadí událostí předešlých, nebudeme se tedy omezovat přísně rokem 1987. Přesně naopak by tomu mělo být v případě druhého hraničního letopočtu - roku 1989. Je jasné, že jsem si toto badatelské téma nezvolil náhodně pouze k technické analýze pohybu funkcionářů v rámci struktur politické strany. Popisovaná perioda je obdobím, ve kterém dochází k zajímavému vnitropolitickému i mezinárodnímu pohybu. Moje práce...
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The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and the Process of Perestroika
Štefek, Martin ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Kocian, Jiří (referee)
The aim of my diploma thesis is to analyse the Communist party of Czechoslovakia in the years of 1985-1989 and its response to the process of perestroika, which was initiated in the Soviet Union after Gorbachev's election as a General Secretary of the Communist Party. The analysis proceeds in three steps. First, it explains functioning of the Central Commitee of the KPC and its presidium, and describes the decision-making process inside the party. Second, the third chapter reveals the fact that the January 1987 plenary session of the Central Commitee of the CPSU was a decisive impetus for accepting and initiating a specific process of the perestroika in Czechoslovakia. Third, principles of economic, political and intra-party restructuring are introduced. However, there were limits to the process which were due to the tension between "conservatives" and "progressives" in the leadership. In addition, the thesis notes that personal changes in the central commitee, which were very important for the outcome of the reforms. Last, the empirical evidence is compared with assumptions of theories of non-democratic regimes, and discussed upon the evidence of well-documented changes.
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The role of the Roman Catholic Church during the transition to democracy in Poland and Chile
Labutta, Michael ; Štefek, Martin (advisor) ; Květina, Jan (referee)
(anglicky) The thesis will be addressed by comparing the states which have undergone a transition to democracy and at the same time you can observe the strong influence of the Roman Catholic Church. Specifically, it will be about Poland and about Chile. In the beginning, I tried to capture the position of the Church in these states for the duration of the undemocratic regime (if it stood on the side of the regime, covert opposition, or whether they acted directly against the regime). I will try to describe what influenced this attitude - the injustices of the regime, historical context. Another part will look at what the relationship with the Church undemocratic regimes sought. Whether enforce repression, cooptation, or some form of "tacit agreement". In response to previous questions in the conclusion I will try answer whether the Roman Catholic Church was open to cooperation and advocated more confrontational stance, and how did this attitude affect the form, course and outcome of transition in these countries.
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Education and Training in Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, at the EuroMISE Center
Zvárová, Jana ; Hanzlíček, Petr ; Peleška, Jan ; Štefek, Martin ; Švejda, David ; Tomečková, Marie ; Zvára Jr., Karel ; Choura, Michal ; Gula, Pavel
In the paper we show the different activities of the EuroMISE Center in the field of medical informatics, statistics and epidemiology education and training. The development of these activities has started within TEMPUS-PHARE project and is continuing with the support of IT EDUCTRA (Fourth Framework Programme) project. New approaches using Internet and new developed programmes are described.
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