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Komárov a Čenkov. Regional probe into evolution of the landscape of Brdy.
Röschová, Kateřina ; Matoušek, Václav (advisor) ; Sádlo, Jiří (referee)
This paper looks into the evolution of Brdy, a mountain lands- cape in central Bohemia covered mostly by forests, examining the period from late Middle ages until the end of the Second World War. From the 15th century it was an important iron production center of whole Bohemia. The region provided all that was needed - iron ore, timber, wa- ter and was conveniently located near trade centers. During the industrial revolution (1800-1873) the industry grew. Small plants disappeared and the production was concentrated into emerging industrial centers. The forests, cleared of iron production, started to attract the attention of tourisms, youth organizations and tramps. The mountain range with large forest areas drew also the attention of the Ministry of Defense, which decided to establish an artillery range in the area. The changes of landscape are illustrated by examples of two land registers - Čenkov and Komárov.
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Tramps, Townees, Sportsmen Transformation of Landscape in Bohemia in the end of 19th Century and First Decades of 20th Century in Consequence of Return of Urban Population to Nature
Posledníková, Jiřina ; Matoušek, Václav (advisor) ; Lenderová, Milena (referee)
Precis The thesis discuss a transformation of the landscape in Bohemia in the end of 19th century and first decades of 20th century as a consequence of man's return to nature. It primarily deals with various factors that are related to it (Industrialization, Romanticism and leisure time). Not only did these factors give birth to man's return to nature, they also gave birth to the protection of nature and the sports boom. One of the basic theories of this thesis is that people who resided in urban communities became disenchanted with city life and developed a strong desire to escape from the urban environment. This course of events gave birth to the return to nature. The increasing popularity of recreational activities caused the transformation of the landscape; urban civilization also spread to the countryside by the means of recreational activities. The thesis describes the origin and the development of leisure activities (tourism, tramping and sports) and the way they are displayed in the landscape (view-towers, weekend camps). The villages of Senohraby and Hrusice, typical recreational areas since 19th century, are used as examples in order to demonstrate how these events unfolded.
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Contribution to the Studies of the Adapatation Strategies of the Hunter-Gatherer Communities in the Late Paleolith and Mesolith
Čuláková, Katarína ; Matoušek, Václav (advisor) ; Pauknerová, Karolína (referee)
This work is concerned with changes in settlement strategy of the hunther-gatherer communities throughout late paleolith and mesolith. The aim of the thesis is to present the changes of settlement strategy in the relation to the sharp changes in natural environment at the turn of the pleistocene and holocene period. The thesis examines this issue in a wider context of Bohemia, whereas particular locations of the sites are illustrated on the example of Sloupnice region. In the region of Eastern Bohemia, we can verify through observation our postulate that the mesolithic locations had changed significantly, in comparison to late paleolithic, because usually the sites with late paleolithic settlement show no signs of mesolithics settlement (exceptions notwithstanding). The thesis presents a base for creation of a predictive model of appearance of preneolithic settlement, using a Geographic Information Systems. The work also includes phenomenological observation of the landscape, enhancing our insight about hunther-gatherer landscape. As an example of possible public presentation of this research, the final chapter describes a proposal of a footpath with informational boards on the topic of this thesis.
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Body - walking - lanscape: Prehistorical agricultural cultures in the flatlands of Czechia
Pauknerová, Karolína ; Matoušek, Václav (advisor) ; Gojda, Martin (referee) ; Pleinerová, Ivana (referee)
Landscape is not only a material world out there since it also represents a particular way of seeing and understanding the world around. I draw on the idea that by researching landscapes of long gone people we can get closer to their (life)world. In behind of the whole research project lies the idea that the way people dwell in the world resonates with how they understand it. Within the research I employ the methodology of the phenomenology of landscape. Phenomenological research of landscapes inhabited by people in prehistoric ages is concerned with gathering and analysing sensual data such as view from the locality in question, colours, smells, texture, etc. at the place. Human body and the most common bodily activity - walking - is used as a research tool. I explore settlement strategies of four prehistoric cultures - Linear Pottery, Stroked Pottery, Funnel Beakers, and Aunjetitz cultures - within three flatlands in Bohemia (Kladno plateau, the area southwards from the city of Pilsen and the region south and south-westwards form the town of Kolín). At Kolín region and Kladno plateau I compare settlement distribution of two cultures: the Aunjetitz and Stroked pottery cultures at Kolín and Funnel Beakers and Aunjetitz cultures at Kladno. At Pilsen region I concentrated solely on Linear Pottery culture. The...
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The sources of nutrition of lower and middle palaeolithic
Semrádová, Kateřina ; Fridrichová, Ivana (advisor) ; Matoušek, Václav (referee)
Diploma thesis named The Sources of Nutrition of Lower and Middle Palaeolithic is trying to give a compact view on that part of hunters-gatherers societies' nutrition which is represented by hunting. We use nine palaeolithical camp-sites from Upper to Early Palaeolithic to improve relevance of linear model question of hunting or there is much more probable solution? The one which said that palaeolithical hunters were established hunters from Early Palaeolithic period and the only things which changed or get improved were their abilities and experiences.
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Countryside Phenomenon of New Wilderness
Skálová, Michaela ; Sádlo, Jiří (advisor) ; Matoušek, Václav (referee)
Existence of the so called "new wilderness" in the Czech as well as in the European cultural landscape definitely presents an interesting discussion topic. This diploma thesis aims for describing suburbial environment as a new type of landscape, its structure, dynamics and landscape memory. Three localities in the area of Prague were chosen as subject of the research, which were described mainly with the focus on biological components and results of interactions between man and nature. Special attention was paid to the segments of landscape with a secondarily weakened human influence, which were named "new wilderness". Such places were assessed from the point of view of the present state, possibilities of further development and use of components of landscape memory. The main studied locality was "Podhorí" (cadastral area of Bohnice and partially Troja), where anthropogenic relicts such as terraces, walls, house basements, water sources as well as anthropogenic plantings were surveyed by means of GPS and marked in maps. The map of these anthropogenic elements helped us make comparison with the present state of the locality and achieve a more complex complementary viewpoint, where the subject of interest is nature without the former intensive influence of a man (without a preliminary evaluation, neither...
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