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The Transformation of the Heroism of Labour in the Era of Socialism
Navrátilová, Marcela ; Vávra, Martin (advisor) ; Maslowski, Nicolas (referee)
Marcela Navrátilová, The Transformation of the Heroism of Labour in the Era of Socialism Abstract: The term of heroism of labour, purpose of which, originally, was to praise the value of labour to the country, became over the time a mere phrase of political manipulation. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the discourse of the term as presented to the wide public by the daily newspaper Rude Pravo during the era of socialism. The framework of the study is based on comparison of four stages significant to the development of the socialism in Czechoslovakia: first of all, the early years of 1950's - the era of Stalinism and initial years of building the state-socialism, the second half of 1960's - also known as the period of the Thaw, thirdly, the normalization years of the 1970's and lastly, the second half of 1980's - the final years of the Communist era in Czechoslovakia. These four periods were used as a platform for comparing the change and the development of heroism of labour. The thesis constitutes of methodological preface introducing the method used in my research and a theoretical introduction explaining the key terms of labour and the discourse of socialism, and also, explaining the role of Rude Pravo in Czechoslovakia between the years 1948 - 1989. These two parts are followed by the analytical...
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(Re)construction of the Kosovo Crisis. The Kosovo Crisis from the view of the selected historical-sociological theories
Dobešová, Jana ; Vávra, Martin (advisor) ; Německý, Marek (referee)
1. ABSTRACT The goal of my work is to reconstruct the Kosovo crisis, that led to NATO intervention on Yugoslavia during spring of 1999. The event is analyzed from two dimensions; the first observes and compares existing interpretations of the crisis- causes, process, solutions and consequences, including possible predictions. The other dimension interprets crisis from the view of international relationships. Studying historical sociology made me watch the world, actions, actors, complexly. I realized, that phenomenons don't exist just to be her for themselves, but they are the different parts of a system, that is connected by different ties, and sustained by rules. Kosovo crisis is a differently interpreted event. The different presentations derive from the discourses under which they formed. Kosovo crisis has its historiographical facts- place, time and actor, on to which social constructs lean and which form. Kosovo crisis is a social construct, historical milestone, symbol, stage, game, field and a process. In my work I aim to prove these claims by analyzing the interpretations and applying the international relationship theories.
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Hedonism in the Czech Society: A Probe into the Development of Value Orientation in 1990 - 2011
Dudíková, Eva ; Vávra, Martin (advisor) ; Prudký, Libor (referee)
The thesis is focused on values of the Czech society in 1990 - 2011, especially on hedonism value. It uses the method of a secondary analysis of quantitative data. We deal with the presumption that the social transformation which started in 1989, influenced value area as well. Our aim is to answer following questions: 1) Has an emphasis of hedonism in the Czech society changed during the social transformation? If yes, in what way? Can we observe continual rising of this value? 2) What is the influence of socio-demographic variables on hedonism? Is diferentiating influence of these variables on hedonism changing in time? An empirical part of this thesis is anticipated by the theoretical one, which is focused on research of values by social sciences and sociology, deals with questions about value stability and dynamism, presents a model of value dynamism by D. Slejška and draws up some consideration about influence of life circumstances - especially those which are related to the transformation of totalitarian society to freedom society - on the field of values. Keywords values - dynamism of values - hedonism - social transformation - public opinion surveys - secondary analysis of data
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The ideal of women beauty before and after 1989 - discourse analysis of Vlasta magazine
Bělinová, Helena ; Vávra, Martin (advisor) ; Šmídová, Olga (referee)
The thesis interprets the ideal of women beauty before and after 1989 in terms of sociological and culture discourse in Vlasta magazine. The key premise of the thesis is the claim that ideal of women beauty differs before and after 1989. It is possible to expect influence of politic system, social structure and culture forms on discourse of women beauty. Character of this thesis is theoretically-empiric. The sociologic gender theory serves as the frame for chosen topic. Research is based on analysis of discourse of women beauty in Vlasta magazine in 1975 and 2005. The goal of overall analysis is to provide series of detailed analysis which describe general magazine topics and role of the magazine in certain historical period beside discourse of beauty. I have chosen qualitative sociological method called discursive analysis for my thesis. Ambition of the thesis is to analyze one specific social discourse and introduce all key social, historical and culture aspects which can influence the discourse and use Vlasta magazine as its concrete case. Keywords Ideal of women beauty, discourse, media discourse, gender, discursive analysis, Vlasta magazine, transformation, socialism, media, gender stereotypes, gender socialization
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Catastrophe in America: Critical Discoursive Analysis of Hurricane Sandy in Czech Press
Bednářová, Anna ; Švantner, Martin (advisor) ; Vávra, Martin (referee)
This thesis analyzes the way of presenting the catastrophe called Sandy in the Czech media. The motivation for choosing this topic was the ascertainment that the information about Sandy narrows only on the information about New York in spite of the fact, that this hurricane, sometimes called tropical storm or "superstorm" caused many injuries in the area of Cuba, Jamaica, the Bahamas and especially Haiti. The analysis is realized by force of critical discourse analysis of Norman Fairclough, because this method is appropriate especially for analysing mass media texts in the way of offering complex view from the level of social context, through the process of production to the language form of texts. Consequently, theoretical background comes from the methods and concepts of Norman Fairclough, from the definition of media discourse, which is oriented on new media, news and news values. The analysis is oriented on the most readable Czech online news and the on the news web pages of the Czech public service television and the Czech public service radio. The goal of this thesis is primarily the comparison between the way of reporting about the hurricane between the commercial and public service online news articles; revealing ideological and powerful aspects in the way of this reporting; and the...
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Communication of municipality with citizens. Case study at municipal part Prague 4
Ramíková, Hana ; Čermák, Daniel (advisor) ; Vávra, Martin (referee)
This graduation thesis talks about the communication of citizens and municipality at Prague 4. It not only desribes the means of communication and information sharing, but tries to evaluate it as well. In the theoretical part it presents the civil sector as a part of life in society and it shows how does it cooperate with the two other regulators of social life - state and market. There is also shortly presented history of civil sector in Czech countries. In the second part there are presented main means of communication and information providing that are used at a municipality of Prague 4, then it presents the results of public research and interviews with representatives of non-profit organizations working at Prague 4. It also shows how people use institution of complaints and petitions and the possibilities given by Act 106/1999 Coll., on Free Access to Information. In the final part we can see the evaluation of the situation on the field of communication and information and gives also some recommendations how to make the situation even better.
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Family values and their changes affected by the year 1989
Nekvindová, Radka ; Vávra, Martin (advisor) ; Prudký, Libor (referee)
This thesis deals with family and its values. It focuses on changing attitudes to family in the context of social transformation after 1989. At the beginning of the thesis there are defined the basic functions of family and types of families. The following describes the historical evolution of family from the early Middle Ages to the present. It tries to capture the changes associated with the second demographic transition and to describe what this transition was concerned with and if it is linked with the situation in the Czech Republic after 1989. It describes values in general and approaches to research of values. The last part is devoted to analysis of family values, which is done by comparing questions from the three waves of "European Values Study" surveys. The main goal of this thesis was to verify whether people's attitudes to family after 1989 have changed and how it affected demographics.
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Spanish development cooperation and development education implemented by nongovernmental nonprofit organizations in Valencia
Brabenec, Tomáš ; Moree, Dana (advisor) ; Vávra, Martin (referee)
The present thesis tries to Czech readers familiar with the concepts of development cooperation and development education in Spain, focusing on the practical implementation of development education by NGOs in Valencia. In the theoretical part are gradually presented the basic historical and political bases of both concepts and the reader is acquainted with the institutional prerequisites for their implementation in Spain. The empirical part contains the results of the analysis of interviews with representatives of NGOs in Valencia, which realize the practical development educational activities in elementary and secondary schools. The text is supplemented with illustrative graphs and tables, and includes examples of typical responses of respondents which contribute to the understanding and interpretation of the text. The final section includes a discussion of applied research methods and critical evaluation of the results that were presented in the empirical part.
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Analysis of anti-Semitic journalism in Czech selected daily press in year of 1939
Dobák, Pavel ; Maslowski, Nicolas (advisor) ; Vávra, Martin (referee)
Cílem této diplomové práce bylo v první řadě analyzovat a porovnat mediální obraz a diskurs židovské menšiny, tak jak byl prezentovaný ve vybraných českých denících vycházejících v roce 1939 a vysledovat genezi tzv. židovské otázky v českých zemích na základě novinových zpráv v analyzovaných denících (přesněji v ranních vydáních jednotlivých titulů) v průběhu roku 1939. Metodou předložené práce je kvantitativní a kvalitativní výzkum všech otištěných antisemitských článků. Konkrétně jde o výzkum dvou tradičních novinových titulů - intelektuálně koncipovaných Lidových Novin, měšťansko - konzervativní Národní Politiky a nově vzniklého nacizujícího deníku Vlajka. Dalším důležitým tématem předkládané práce je nástin vývoje příslušné legislativy se vztahem ke zkoumanému období a náhled na mechanismy kontroly, řízení a usměrňování tisku ve zkoumaném období a s tím související možnosti a limity svobody tisku v rychle se etablujícím totalitním režimu. Sekundárním cílem je poukázat na rychlost a hloubku zásadní sociální změny v českých zemích, za pomoci analýzy obsahu zkoumaných tiskovin. Klíčová slova rok 1939 - antisemitismus - česká protektorátní žurnalistika - řízení tisku - cenzura - tiskové porady - diskursivní analýza - sociální změna Abstract The aim of this thesis was primarily to compare and...
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Professionalization in Context of Strategic Planning (Case Study - Maternity Centre)
Raušová, Petra ; Pospíšilová, Tereza (advisor) ; Vávra, Martin (referee)
Synopsis Professionalization of non-profit organizations means basically hiring of paid staff . Maternity centre is social space especially for mothers and their children, that rely mainly on mothers' voluntary work and is based on non-professional rather than professional principle. This case study reflects situation in which non-professional, amateur work is being replaced by hiring of paid staff and paid attention especially to an impact on internal organization's atmosphere and position of the main participants of maternity centre - mothers. The situational analysis is a partial goal of this thesis, served as a basic step not only for strategic planning but mostly for considering of accessing to professionalized organization.
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