|
|
Milk and its alternatives
Pastorková, Eva ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Pavel (referee)
The thesis focused on milk and its alternatives, i.e. plant-based drinks. The theoretical part summarized the nutritional value of milk and its consumption in the world and the Czech Republic. As a source of fats, proteins, minerals, and vitamins, milk is of nutritional value. Furthermore, the importance of milk in human nutrition for different age groups was discussed. Related dietary recommendations and reasons limiting milk consumption were introduced. This included health reasons such as lactose intolerance, cow milk protein allergy or the rarely occurring galactosemia, as well as ethical or environmental reasons. Last but not least, alternatives to milk, i.e. plant-based drinks, were presented. These drinks are based on extracts of legumes, cereals, nuts and/or seeds diluted with water and often supplemented with other additives. The practical part aimed to assess the dietary habits of the general public and nutritionally educated people regarding the consumption of milk and plant-based drinks, including their awareness of the importance of this food in human nutrition. Data were collected using a questionnaire survey. In addition, the nutritional values of selected plant-based drinks were also compared with cow's milk. Within the sample studied, milk was observed to be a frequent part of the...
|
|
|
Genetic aspects of Crohn's disease
Hradský, Ondřej ; Cinek, Ondřej (advisor) ; Petřek, Martin (referee) ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (referee)
JednosmmJw.ý SOWlrn vanglitrlné Crohn'. _ oe (COl h.. been ohown ..._Ied YIiIh Ihe variant. o, NOD2, ATGI51.! ond IL23R gene. , o, Ihe IB051<>1:...... _ .. o, oIher gene> 0,_ in the irnm..... respoooe_ T"" ~cies <>f Ihe von..l> pro!oundIy <line< _ popuIoIiooo """ 10 doeo the .osoe..ted IN_ Moreo_, II!e """ <>f the IB05 Iocu. _ ClU_ gene .. de",Iopm",,' ol Crohn'. <lise.... h...... .,.,.., c_We e. omined Ihe ~. ol ,onanl> .. the N002, ATGI51.! , 1L2JR, TIIFA _ PTPl/22 gene roI V3t\aI1" in IBOS _ CTLH d"romooomol fegions wiIh ped;atric-on...' and odul-onoet co .. ..., C,ecl> """"",boo. The ge_, phenoly;>o, _ . _ Irequencies '01<= compe<ed between .59 unrelo1ed P'_ wiIh CO 000 HO on<eI3led _ y cootrols_ The strongest oooo<..tion wiIh CD >on found .. NOD2 gene (1fIret> V_I, loIowed by "'" v_nto o, 1B05 1<>1:.... (IGR206Jb_ ' , ,.65960151, _.~'" asoociotion YIiIh vorian1 .. 1L23R ond ATGlfiLl _ , _ "" ~ .osoc:i3tion,.,.. _for the p.R62OW vofi.ant .. the PTPN22 ge"" or forthe 9_2306G>A variant .. the TIIFA gene. We hove rep<lfled . ~h ~t"j ol the minor'" ol trie NODll007fs poIymorpIlism o, "e Czecl> popuIrioo _ . otrong e!leC1 ol """ alele on " e _ .1 diagnoo.ia ond .,.. Iofm ol <Iise,...,_ o..,. OILl<Iy confi'm. the mpoflonce ol IB05 in det""" .....g CO . UK<'ptibMy, ond _"'Ol,," lhal IWO indepe_'"...
|
|
|
Variability in LPA gene transcription regulatory sequences
Zídková, Kateřina ; Češka, Richard (advisor) ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (referee) ; Freiberger, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University in Prague, The First Faculty of Medicine Thesis: Variability in LPA gene transcription regulatory sequences Name: Mgr. Kateřina Zídková Thesis Adviser: Prof. Richard Češka, M.D., Ph.D. Consulting Thesis Adviser: Assoc. Prof. Milada Kohoutová, M.D., Ph.D. Summury of Doctorate thesis Increased Lp(a) concentration is an independent risk factor for premature atherosclerosis. The Lp(a) concentration is almost entirely genetically determined with an exclusive linkage to a unique locus, the gene for apo(a), so called LPA locus. Nevertheless Lp(a) concentrations varies widely between individuals in all populations studied so far. There is a LPA gene size heterogeneity (KLPAIV type 2 repetition) accounting for 40-60% of the variance. Some of the variance could be additionally related to polymorphic sites either in the coding sequence or in transcription regulatory regions of LPA gene. We had scanned the LPA gene transcription regulatory regions (promoter, DHII, and DHIII enhancers) for variabilty. None of them was revealed to be extremely polymorphic. However significant linkage disequilibrium was detected even between polymorphic sites from far regulatory sequences. We have investigated if certain compound genotypes of apo(a) gene regulatory sequences could be associated with a narrow range of...
|
|
|
Role of the FTO gene in the genetic determination of common multifactorial diseases
Dlouhá, Dana ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee) ; Rossmeislová, Lenka (referee)
Obesity is a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease, diabetes type 2 and some cancers. Newly detected genetic risk factor for body weight is the FTO gene ("fat mass and obesity associated"). The aim of this thesis was determine 1) whether the presence of risk alleles correlate with BMI in Czech population and to determine 2) whether there is an association between variants in the FTO gene and risk of myocardial infarction/ acute coronary syndrome (MI/ ACS), 3) renal failure (ESRD), or 4) incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC). We analyzed polymorphisms rs17817449 (first intron) and rs17818902 (3rd intron) using by PCR-RFLP and then also RT PCR. We found an association of the first intron variant (but not the 3rd one) and BMI in Czech control population. We have detected an association of 1st intron SNP and BMI changes during the intervention study in obese children, but not in obese females. We found a correlation between the risk allele and increased risk of ACS (OR 1.49) in patients with MI. In patients with ESRD was detected association between the risk allele and the risk of disease (OR 1.37). We didn't confirmed the association between rs17817449 and the development of CRC. Representative selected groups of the Czech populations "MONICA" and "HAPPIE" were used as controls. One...
|
|
|
Molecular aspects of genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes mellitus and its monogenic forms
Pintérová, Daniela ; Černá, Marie (advisor) ; Bendlová, Běla (referee) ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of this work was to study some molecular aspects of genetic predisposition to T2DM and its monogenic forms. We searched for correlations of genotypes with many clinical and laboratory markers and tried to evaluate their significance. The consequences for possible changes in the treatment some particular patients were under discussion. Especially for those suffering from monogenic forms we were able to reach better compensation of DM, or at latest the same compensation for more acceptable therapy. We studied the associations of chosen candidate genes, PPAR, NF-B, its inhibitor IB, known polymorphisms and T2DM including diabetic complications. We used the association study approach to find out if there is any association between available genetic variants among our patients and T2DM with its phenotypic abnormalities (changed levels of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, further the presence of diabetic complications).
|
|
|
Contemporary nutritional recommendations and their compliance by nutritional therapists
Zapletalová, Martina ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Pejšová, Hana (referee)
This work is focused on Czech and world nutritional recommendations and the profession of nutritional therapist. The aim of the work is to analyze the eating habits of nutrition therapists as nutrition experts. The work is divided into chapters, within which a comparative analysis of both nutritional recommendations and all levels of the profession of nutritional therapist is performed. The analysis of identical and different points was performed on the basis of the study of documents and their comparisons. The first part of the thesis deals with the issue of nutritional recommendations, their importance, forms and methods of creation. The following is a list of current recommendations valid in Europe and in the Czech Republic. These recommendations are then compared. Furthermore, attention is paid to the profession of nutritional therapist, its legislative anchoring and competencies. As this profession has several levels, they are compared with each other and the differences are emphasized. Subsequently, the individual activities of a nutritional therapist are explained and practical examples are presented. Last but not least, an analysis of the eating habits of the addressed nutritional therapists is prepared and compared with the current nutritional recommendations valid in the Czech Republic....
|
|
|
Relationship of apolipoprotein E polymorfism on the functional fitness in the elderly
Šnejdrlová, Michaela ; Češka, Richard (advisor) ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (referee) ; Zadák, Zdeněk (referee)
(EN) Background: The life expectancy is defined by a combination of genotype (25%) and environmental influences, including lifestyle (75%). Nevertheless a stronger genetic influence is expressed in long-living individuals. Epsilon gene for apolipoprotein E (APOE) belongs among the most studied so called "candidate genes of longevity". The association of APOE polymorfism is proved in relation to many diseases (hypercholesterolaemia, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer disease), thus we tried to evaluate the relation of APOE polymorfism and senior fitness. Methods: In our pilot study we examined a total number of 128 patients (93 women, 35 men), all of them older than 80 years, average age 88.6 ±5.3 years. Examinations: A) detailed examination of functional fitness (ADL, MMSE, Yeassavage's depression scale , MNA, 6-MWT). Based on this complex examination, patients have been sorted to 5 functional categories according to W. Spirdus, these categories objectively express the level of self - sufficiency. B) laboratory examinations C) examintaion of APOE gene polymorphism using DNA restriction analysis, DNA isolated from peripheral leucocytes Results: Our pilot study proved statisticaly significant relation (p = 0,0248) between allele E4 and functional fitness in senior age. According to the results of...
|
|
|
Impact of adequate energy and nutrients intake on growth and body composition of youth football players
Iliopulu, Margarita ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Tomešová, Jitka (referee)
The main topic of my diploma thesis was to compare the changes in anthropometric parameters in relation to the diet composition of young footballers (soccer players) of the category U14 and U15 in the year 2017, year 2018 respectively, three months before entering the all-day regime of the Regional Football Academy at home and three months after that. The theoretical part focuses on the specifcs of the age U14 and U15 category, maps the nutritional needs for youth footballers in terms of nutritional, hydration and other important requirements, such as the timing of food. Next there is described the history and basic information about the establishment of the Regional Football Academies. The practical part works with the measured results based on regular anthropometric checks, body composition analyses, monitoring of body growth and information about daily food intake records on daily basis, which the football players recorded before entering academies. These daily food intake records were evaluated in the software BeetFit Pro. From the results of the diploma thesis it can be found that, for the successful changes of the anthropometric parameters and to manage demanding regimes within the region, it is necessary not only suffcient diet composition including the food timing, but major long-term and...
|
|
|
Bulimia and anorexia, psychiatric affairs, or genetic determinations?
Barešová, Markéta ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Jurková, Kateřina (referee)
Bachelor thesis is covering eating disorders and it root cases namely anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Theoretical part describes those two disorders in details and their diagnostics within MKN-10 and DSM-5. Following is description of nutrition indicators related to disorders, it's anamnesis and physical examination. The main cases of eating disorder are described in detail including the key risk factors. Thesis than highlights known treatment methods and its successful rate and points out possibility of relapse. Prevention is also covered as well. Practical part focus on research realized via quantitative questionnaire method evaluating current level of knowledge of general population related to eating disorders and nutrition. Thesis points out the general public is aware and informed however lacking the latest data and findings. Research identified gap mainly in general public ability navigate and understand compilation of disorder impact.
|
|
|
A comparison of eating habits and lifestyle between the vietnamese comunity living in Czech republic, the population in Vietnam and native Czechs
Pham, Khanh Ha ; Hubáček, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Pejšová, Hana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis investigates the lifestyle and eating habits in Vietnamese and Czechs but also in the Vietnamese living in Czech Republic. The aim of this thesis is to find out and analyze the potential differences in their dietary patterns. The theoretic background of this work is based on the existing knowledge on the effects of nutrients and food commodities on human health, the knowledge on each chronic metabolic disease and the dietary measures needed to prevent as well as to cure them. The thesis also describes some of the eating habits known from the characteristics of each group's national cuisine. The own research then analyzes and compares the data acquired from a questionnaire about the eating habits of 280 people in all mentioned groups. The results on the frequency of food consumption, food preferences, lifestyle are then described and submitted with graphs and tables. The results show that the greatest differences in eating habits between the Vietnamese and Czech respondents in this research lie in the consummation of milk and milk products and starchy foods as side dishes. Less significant are the differences in the consummation of alcohol, fish, their habits in physical activities, the amount of hot meals and the biggest meals in a day. Even though Vietnamese consume...
|
guest ::
RSS feed.