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Use of inhaled drugs in obstructive pulmonary diseases
Obertová, Nikola ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Use of inhaled drugs in obstructive pulmonary diseases Author: Nikola Obertová 1 Tutor: Josef Malý 1 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and objectives: Chronic respiratory diseases are emerging health problem. The administration of the medication is mostly performed by the process of inhalation. Therefore, a proper inhalation technique plays a crucial role in symptom reduction and achievement of adequate control over the disease. The aim of the thesis was partly to assess the level of inhalation technique in elderly patients in nursing home settings, partly to evaluate the knowledge of nurses and their role in advice provision related to the proper inhalation technique. Methods: The data were collected from June to September 2016 from 18 nursing homes located in South Wales (Great Britain). The study was realized in two arms. The evaluated group (first arm) was composed of patients (residents) with having asthma bronchiale or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease diagnosed and being older than 65 years. Second arm consisted of nurses responsible for giving advices about inhalation technique to the residents. Nursing home visits were composed of three parts. First one was a controlled interview based on the...
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Analysis of drug-related problems in a health facility IV.
Šubrtová, Linda ; Malý, Josef (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Analysis of drug-related problems in a health facility IV. Author: Linda Šubrtová Tutor: PharmDr. Josef Malý, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction: Increasing use of drugs leads to a growing risk of occurence of drug-related problems. These problems can often endanger patient's health and increase the economic cost of the treatment. However, many of these problems can be prevented by controls and collaboration of all health care subjects. Objective: The aim of this work was to carry out a revision of pharmacotherapy in a rehabilitation health facility and to analyse acquired drug-related problems. Methodology: The collection of data took place from 13 to 15 February 2017 in health facility in the Czech Republic. The review of pharmacotherapy was performed by a three-member team (clinical pharmacist, pharmacist, work researcher). The data obtained from the provided medical records were recorded into the database, which was prepared for the purpose of the pharmacotherapy review. Recorded were: the patient's age and sex, allergic, family, work, social and personal history, physical and laboratory examinations and complete pharmacotherapy, which included over-the-counter drugs and dietary supplements, including dosage...
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Attitudes and beliefs on HPV infection and vaccination II
Regnerová, Veronika ; Zimčíková, Eva (advisor) ; Malá, Kateřina (referee)
Attitudes and beliefs on HPV infection and vaccination II Veronika Regnerová, PharmDr. Eva Zimčíková, Ph.D. Background: Cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer in women. The majority of cervical cancer cases are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Three vaccines have been approved to prevent HPV infection and related diseases. Objectives: The study aimed to analyse the knowledge and attitudes regarding HPV, cervical cancer and HPV vaccination in secondary school students in the Czech Republic. Methods: The study was carried out in May 2017 at four secondary schools. A questionnaire used for data collection comprised 15 items including questions on demographic characteristics, knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV, vaccination coverage, HPV perceived susceptibility and seriousness, and beliefs on HVP vaccination. Results: A total of 667 students participated (mean age: 16.8 y ± 1.18; 63% female); 20.5% were smokers, 24.7% God believers. Most of the students (97.0%) heard about cervical cancer and penile cancer, significant proportion (68.3%) knew HPV was the causative factor. Half of the respondents (49.9%) have heard about vaccination against HPV. Among cervical cancer risk factors HPV infection was reported in 58.1% cases followed by promiscuity (14.5%), irregular...
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MenB vaccine uptake and number of reported cases with MenB infection
Švédová, Monika ; Zimčíková, Eva (advisor) ; Marešová, Helena (referee)
MenB vaccine uptake and number of reported cases with MenB infection Author: Monika Švédová Supervisor: PharmDr. Eva Zimčíková, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction and aims: Meningococcal disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis is global issue and it's known for its epidemical potential. In Europe, this disease is most often caused by B and C serotype. Main aim was to track occurence and other epidemiologic aspects related to invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in the Czech Republic from 2007 to 2016, focusing on serotype B and summarize available vaccinations which are used to fight disease mentioned above. Another was to analyse usage of Bexsero vaccination in the Czech Republic, hand in hand with number of spontaneous reports of adverse events after vaccination. Methodology: To assess epidemiologic aspects related to IMD data from the Centre of epidemiology and microbiology were used (years 2007 - 2016). Vaccination utilization was analysed based on data from the State Institue of Drug Control and expressed as number of packages. Central database of spontaneous adverse events reports was used to determine number and character of reports. Results: In period 2007-2016 there was a decrease in meningococcal disease...
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Attitudes and beliefs on HPV infection and vaccination
Blašková, Dominika ; Zimčíková, Eva (advisor) ; Pokladníková, Jitka (referee)
ATTITUDES AND KNOWLEDGE OF HPV INFECTION AND VACCINATION Author: Dominika Blašková Supervisor: PharmDr. Eva Zimčíková, Ph.D. INTRODUCTION Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus. The virus causes benign and malignant diseases of men and women such as laryngeal papillomatosis, genital warts, oropharyngeal carcinoma, cervical cancer, penile cancer and anus cancer. HPV can be prevented by appropriate precautionary measures. The main preventative method is vaccination against HPV. Besides vaccination, regular screening is necessary to detect premalignant changes on time. AIMS The aim of the theoretical part of the diploma thesis was to summarize the information about HPV, the diseases caused by human papillomavirus and vaccination against HPV, the main preventive measure. The primary aim of the practical part was to find out the level of HPV awareness among girls and boys and diseases caused by HPV. The secondary aim of the practical part was to find out opinions on HPV vaccination and determine the rate of vaccination against HPV among young people in Slovakia. METHODS The method of quantitative research taken in the form of a questionnaire was used in the diploma thesis. The survey was realized at two secondary schools in Svidník, Slovakia. The age range of respondents was 15-20 years. The data...
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Analysis of Anticoagulant Utilization in the Czech Republic in the period from 2007 to 2016
Hochelová, Zuzana ; Zimčíková, Eva (advisor) ; Malý, Josef (referee)
Analysis of anticoagulant utilization in the Czech republic in the period from 2007 to 2016 Author: Zuzana Hochelová1 Supervisor: PharmDr. Eva Zimčíková, Ph.D.1 Consultant: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D.1 1 Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Czech Republic Introduction: Anticoagulants are drugs that reduce blood clotting and prevent the formation of blood clots. In the Czech Republic - antagonists of vitamin K-warfarin, direct oral inhibitors of factor Xa-rivaroxaban, apixaban, edoxaban, direct oral inhibitors trombin - dabigatran, parenteral anticoagulants - heparin, low-molecular heparin, fondaparinux, oral and parenteral hirudin are used. Objective: The objective of this diploma thesis was to assess the consumption of oral and parenteral anticoagulants in the Czech Republic from 01. 01. 2007 to 31. 12. 2016, based on the data from the State Institute of Drug Control (SIDC). Methods: ATC/DDD methodology was applied. The research consisted of a retrospective analysis of the SIDC database. All oral and parental anticoagulants approved in the CR were included in the study. Drug utilization was calculated as number of defined daily doses per thousands of inhabitants per day (DID). The data on the number of residents was acquired from...
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Drug Information Centre service analysis I.
Chmelíková, Barbora ; Malá, Kateřina (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Drug Information Centre service analysis I. Author: Barbora Chmelíková Supervisor: PharmDr. Kateřina Malá, Ph.D. Consultant: PharmDr. Petra Thomson Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Czech Republic Introduction and aim of the thesis This study deals with the analysis of enquiries of the Drug Information Centre (DIC) of Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University and University Hospital Hradec Králové. DIC have a unique role within provide clinical- pharmaceutical care in the provision of drug information. The aim of this study was the analysis of drug enquiries in 1994-2016 focusing on their urgency, type of enquiries and ATC groups. Methods The data analysed were collected from all recorded enquiries in the Excel database within 1994-2016. Therefore, it was necessary to transform some of the paper- recorded enquiries from 1994 to 2002 into the Excel database in which the enquiries data from 2003 to 2016 were already included. Data analysis firstly focused on the characteristics of the enquiries (quantity, healthcare professionals' characteristics such as region, position, enquiry type and urgency of the enquiries). The character of enquiries included properties and active pharmaceutical ingredient of the medicines,...
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Analysis of Pharmacy Economy in the Hradec Králové Region
Švorcová, Nikol ; Kostřiba, Jan (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Department of: Social and Clinical Pharmacy Author: Nikol Švorcová Supervisor: PharmDr. Jan Kostřiba, Ph.D. Title of Diploma Thesis: Analysis of Pharmacy Economy in the Hradec Kralove Region Introduction: The economy of pharmacies in the Czech republic is currently being discussed topic mainly due to the growth pharmacies belonging to chains. Within a few years there have been many highly discussed changes that have changed the pharmacy market and its character. Large companies, which operates a lot of pharmacies was established and these companies quickly increase number of their pharmacies. This has led to the emergence of so-called virtual chains, which help many private entrepreneurs in this area to maintain competitiveness. Between 2008 and 2015 was economy of pharmacies influenced by regulatory fees. The biggest problem of last years is the closure of pharmacies in smaller municipalities, which reduces the availability of pharmaceutical care. The Ministry of Health and the Czech Chamber of Pharmacists are finding a solution to these problems. Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the total financial health of selected pharmacies of the Hradec Kralove Region using methods of financial analysis based on a calculation...
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Analysis of prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in adults
Nováková, Jana ; Zimčíková, Eva (advisor) ; Pokladníková, Jitka (referee)
ANALYSIS OF PREVALENCE OF VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN ADULTS Author: Jana Nováková Supervisor: PharmDr. Eva Zimčíková, PhD. INTRODUCTION Estimated vitamin D deficiency occurs in up to 1/3 of the population. Vitamin D deficiency occurs in a number of diseases and in different countries of the world. AIMS The aim of the theoretical part of the diploma thesis was to get acquainted with vitamin D and its deficit in general. The objective of the practical part was to map vitamin D levels in adults, to assess prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, to determine if vitamin D levels fluctuate over the course of the year depending on age or gender and how they are related to individual illnesses. METHODS PubMed and Embase database search was performed to find evidence on vitamin D deficiency in adults. Only studies in humans, published in English in the period from 2000 to 2016 were included. Non-systematic review was provided, the quality of the studies was not evaluated. RESULTS Overall, 84 studies were included. Most of the studies enrolled healthy adults (n = 34). Among the studies concerning various diseases, musculoskeletal disorders were the most prevalent (n = 13). The highest prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was seen in the study from USA (in healthy adults) using cut-off value for deficiency ≤ 50...
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Evaluation of potentially inappropriate drugs and drug procedures in the old age (III.)
Pohořalá, Veronika ; Fialová, Daniela (advisor) ; Zimčíková, Eva (referee)
INTRODUCTION: The percentage of seniors in the population is increasing worldwide and Europe is not an exception in this case. Geriatric patients create a very specific group of patients in which the risk of drug-related problems is increased due to many reasons. Explicit criteria of potentially inappropriate medications/drug procedures (PIMs) in the aged belong to instruments helping with the evaluation of the quality of drug prescribing to older patients and have been developed in the past decades with the aim to increase the quality of geriatric pharmacotherapy and to minimize the quantity and severity of adverse drug reactions. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the registration rates and OTC availability of pharmaceuticals from the PIMs list created for the purposes of EU COST Action IS1402 initiative (2015-2018) in 5 countries - Czech Republic, Estonia, Croatia, Poland and Slovakia. METHODOLOGY: Based on the thesis by S. Grešáková, MS, a list of 487 potentially inappropriate medicines/drug procedures in the aged has been created and subsequently also the record table stating the individual PIMs and other requested characteristics that was later filled by research teams of participating countries in the period from December 2016 to April 2017. In each country the following attributes were monitored:...
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