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Body composition and morphological asymmetries in footballers a theirs possible residuals in phase return to training
Pečl, Adam ; Malá, Lucia (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Body composition and morphological asymmetries in football players and their possible residues in the phase of return after injury Aim: The main goal of the work was to identify changes in body composition and the occurrence of morphological asymmetries and the length of the residual period after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in elite footballers. Methods: The research group consisted of two elite adult football players. The basic characteristics are listed in Table 2. The players were active in the highest national competitions and their training volume corresponds to 15-23 hours per week. The selection of players was intentional. Prior to the measurement, we determined the current standing body height with an accuracy of 1 mm using a stadiometer (SECA 242, Hamburg, Germany) and the body weight with an accuracy of 1 g using a digital scale (SECA 769, Hamburg, Germany). We used a multifrequency bioimpedance analyser (Tanita MC-980MA, Tanita Corporation, Japan) to determine body composition. The actual measurement lasted approximately 120 s, the actual body weight to recalculate indirectly measurable parameters was recorded by the analyser itself with an accuracy of 1 g. We found out: the current body composition and its changes in the monitored probands. We monitored the change in...
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Isokinetic strength of shoulder rotation in elite Czech female volleyball players
Hoppeová, Andrea ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Vorálek, Rostislav (referee)
Title: Isokinetic strength of shoulder rotation in elite Czech female volleyball players Objectives: The main goal was to evaluate and compare the results of measuring internal and external rotation in the shoulder joint of elite volleyball players of the age categories "Women" and "Juniors U18". Method: The players of the national teams "Juniors U18" and "Women" took part in the measurement. Isokinetic strength parameters were measured using a Cybex Humac Norm isokinetic dynamometer (Cybex NORM®, Humac, CA, USA). The maximum strength of internal and external rotation of the shoulder joint was evaluated. Muscle strength was measured at an angular velocity of 60 ř/s and the upper limb was abducted at 90ř. Descriptive statistics on the test result were calculated and evaluated using the Excel software (Microsoft, USA). Statistical data processing was performed at the level of comparison of averages and percentage differences between individual categories of results. Results: The results show that the Women group had higher strength than the U18 Junior group. On the contrary, the U18 Junior group had more balanced results, both between the dominant and non-dominant limb and between internal and external rotation. The measured strength of rotation in Women shown a greater muscle imbalance. In...
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Comparison of physical fitness and overall school performance in children at basic school
Sýkorová, Alžběta ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Chrudimský, Jan (referee)
Introduction: Physical fitness and academic achievement may constitute two interrelated variables. Students with higher physical fitness can achieve better learning outcomes in school. Objective: To determine whether students with better learning outcomes have also better outcomes in physical performance tests compared to students with low school achievement. Methods: 167 elementary and primary school students age 11.06 ± 2.4 years old (92 girls and 75 boys) participated in the comparative cross-sectional study. A special seven-item test battery was used to determine their level of physical fitness. Pupils were divided into two groups according to their learning outcomes statements. Results: Students with better learning outcomes had higher physical fitness in the individual tests in the most cases. Statistical analysis of standardized Z-score revealed a statistically significant better physical fitness (p ˂ 0.05) for all students with better learning outcomes in all age groups except the boys from the 2nd stage (p = 0.268). Conclusion: The results showed that students with better learning outcomes also had greater physical fitness. Keywords: academic achievement, physical fitness, elementary and primary school
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Analysis of physiological indicators of dancers in Acrobatic Rock and Roll
Škoda, Michael ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Kinkorová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Analysis of physical indicators among dancers of acrobatic rock and roll in category Background: It could be expected that several years of training process could influence the vast majority of physiological functions in rock and roll dancers who have undergone for many years of hard training. Aims: The measuring of selected indicators of physiological functions in the group of acrobatic rock and roll dancers and the comparing their level of physical capacity with reference values and with level of physical capacity of the best acrobatic rock and roll dancers of the world were the main purposes of this study.. Methods and design: The study was designed as a qualitative research. 6 pairs (12 subjects) of acrobatic rock and roll dancer category A were included in a study group by using a non-randomized selection. The UNIFITTEST (Jump far from the place, sit-up, chin-up, measuring subcutaneous fat), and other measure (handshake, vertical jump, heart rate) were done. Further quantitative data were collected by using questionnaires. Several statistical methods were used to process the data obtained. All results were compared with reference values. Results: According to our expectation the dancers of acrobatic rock and roll were better than average population in the most tests. Key words: acrobatic...
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The relationship of BMI and body composition parameters in students FTVS UK
Baťová, Michaela ; Kinkorová, Ivana (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: The relationship of BMI and body composition parametres in UK FTVS students Objectives: The main goal of this diploma thesis is to evaluate the relationship between BMI and some selected parameters of body composition assessed using a bioelectric impedance device (BIA - Tanita MC - 980). Methods: The diploma thesis has the character of an empirical research (observation method). The bioelectric impedance method (BIA - Tanita - MC - 980) was used to analyze the body composition. The relationships between BMI values and individual body composition parameters were evaluated using the Spearman's correlation coefficient. The statistical significance level was set at α = 0,05. In total, 170 students were studied (85 physiotherapy students, 85 physical education students). The group was further subdivided into several specific subgroup by gender, field of study and physical activity. Results: The results revealed a series of finding within the sample group including the following: an insignificant correlation (rs = 0,062) between BMI and body fat (%), a significant correlation (rs = 0,386) between BMI and fat mass (kg), a significant correlation (rs = 0,603) between BMI and visceral fat, a significant correlation (rs = 0,624) between BMI and fat-free mass (kg), a significant correlation (rs =...
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Effects of single beta-alanine dose on performance at submaximal load
Šimsa, Jáchym ; Sýkora, Karel (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Effects of single beta-alanine dose on performance at submaximal load Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of single beta-alanine dose on blood-lactate level in capilary blood and whether it will affect the speed of passing the test. Methods: A double-blinded cross-over study conducted on 16 male students of Military Department at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sports of Charles University (mean ± SD: weight 79,31 ± 6,97 kg; height 181,56 ± 6,36 cm; age 21,63 ± 1,45 yrs). The study was performed in Military Sport Centre Pilotů 217/12, 161 00, Prague. Each volunteer underwent two performance tests after consuming either placebo (maltodextrine) or beta-alanine (50 mg/kg). Time needed to complete the test and blood-lactate concentration before and during 5th and 10th minute after completion was measured. Volunteers also filled a short questionnarie regarding subjectively percieved load and side effects, and whether they were administered beta-alanine (BA) or placebo (PLA). For verification of normal distribution were used Q-Q Plots and statistical significance of BA use was determined using student's t-test. Results: Measured lactate concentrations were (mean ± SD; mmol/l) for BA in min 0 = 1,29 ± 0,37; min 5 = 11,48 ± 1,45; min 10 = 10,64 ± 1,76; PLA in min 0...
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Sports nutrition for younger school-aged female gymnasts
Opočenská, Kristýna ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Kinkorová, Ivana (referee)
Background: A healthy diet is often ignored even though it is an important element for younger school-aged gymnasts. The correct nutritional content in a diet may help enhance performance, reduce fatigue, accelerate recovery, and reduce the occurrence of accidents and injuries. Objectives: This bachelor's thesis summarizes the available information regarding the optimal diet for young, school-aged female artistic gymnasts and provides dietary recommendations based on their needs. Methods: A literature review was conducted and the results summarize the presently available data about healthy diets for young athletes, focusing on younger school-aged gymnasts. Information was obtained from the Czech and foreign literature and nutrition specialists' lectures, complemented with the author's own experience as a gymnastics coach. Conclusion: Although numerous publications have dealt with the issue of what constitutes a healthy diet for children and adults who participate in sport, neither the practical source of recommendations nor information on an optimal diet has been found for artistic gymnasts. In order to create optimal diet plans to meet the needs of young school-age female gymnasts, the author had to acquire data from materials related to other sports, modifying it slightly according to the...
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Literature review on Athletics Nutrition
Nová, Aneta ; Kaplan, Aleš (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Thema works Literature review of athletics nutrition (on case of sprinters, middle and long distance runners) Student Aneta Nová Supervisor PhDr. Aleš Kaplan, Ph.D., MBA Aims of work The aim of this thesis is to mention trends in nutrition of athletes in sprinter and running events on middle and long tracks. Review was made by analysation of Czech and foreign scientific literature. I wanted to find out how the eating and drinking regimes for the performance of sprinters and runners in athletics are described by various authors. Methodology To fulfill the aim of the thesis I used the method of literary research. I focused on Czech and foreign related literature sources. For searching Czech scientific sources I chose the following categories: runners nutrition, sprinter nutrition, energy regime in running events, energy regime in sprinter events, influence of nutrition on performance in running events, influence of nutrition on performance in sprinter events, drinking regime in running events, drinking regime in sprinter events, veganism in athletics. For searching foreign scientific sources I chose the following categories: nutrition, nutrition in sport, nutrition for runners, vegan and vegetarian nutrition, energy regime in running events. Results In my bachelor thesis, I included studies focused...
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Influence of physiotherapist intervention on shoulder muscular imbalance and movement stereotype in users of mechanical wheelchair.
Kluska, Josef ; Čichoň, Rostislav (advisor) ; Šteffl, Michal (referee)
Title: Influence of physiotherapist intervention on shoulder muscular imbalance and movement stereotype in users of mechanical wheelchair. Objectives: The aim of the work is to find out to what extent a twelve-week strength training under the professional guidance of a physiotherapist can affect the users of mechanical wheelchairs (paraplegics) and their functional muscle tension in the shoulder area. Methods: This pilot multiple qualitative research took place from January to July 2021. Three paraplegics aged 39 to 46 participated voluntarily in the research. A kinesiological analysis was performed on each proband with an examination of the movement stereotype while riding a mechanical wheelchair. A diagnostic method with a tensiomyograph was performed for individual muscles of the shoulder girdle. Kinesological analysis and muscle measurements were performed before and after the intervention, which took place three times a week. Due to the unfavorable epidemic situation, it was carried out in the form of video transmission at home. The comparative method was used in the comparison section before and after the end of the physiotherapist's intervention during the training cycle of each proband. The obtained results were processed by the TMG 100 software, which meets the requirements for data...
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The needs of people with dementia and the support of their independent living in their own environment
Bártová, Alžběta ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Bunc, Václav (referee) ; Jurašková, Božena (referee)
The present thesis which focuses on the needs of people with dementia and the support of their independent living in the home environment was written within the framework of the PhD study in Longevity at the Faculty of Humanities, Charles University, GAČR project co- researcher and AZV participated in during post gradual studies. Presented research focuses on the needs of home dwelling people with dementia, the needs of their informal carers, the needs and experiences with providing care of patients with dementia in acute hospital care. The text of the thesis is divided into four parts, which are based on texts reviewed and published or prepared for publication. The first three parts present own research aimed at identifying the needs of people with dementia and experiences with caring of them in their home environment and in the hospital environment during acute care. The final part presents the possibilities and services to support their independent life in their own environment.
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