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Quality of life of dialysis and transplant patients
Pěkný, Radek ; Šivicová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (referee)
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a chronic illness, which significantly influences patient's life. Two widespread possibilities of renal replacement therapy are dialysis and kidney transplantation. The first section of the theoretical part summarizes medical aspects of ESRD. The second section deals with psychosocial aspects of chronic illness generally, which are replenished with a particularity of dialysis and transplantation therapy. The last section hands in theoretical constructs of quality of life and sumarizes results of foreign studies, which have dealt with Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of dialysis and transplant patients. Empirical part of the thesis maps HRQoL in relation to some selected factors (gender, marital status, age, level of education and period of treatment) in group of dialysis and transplant patients. The main goal of the whole thesis is comparing HRQoL among dialysis and transplant patients through questionnaires SF-36 and WHOQoL-BREF.
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Psychological factors of weight loss in patients after bariatric surgery
Zajícová, Markéta ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Müllerová, Dana (referee) ; Král, Pavel (referee)
Title: Psychological Factors of Weight Loss in Patients after Bariatric Surgery Author: PhDr. Markéta Zajícová Department: Department of Psychology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Arts Supervisor: PhDr. Tamara Hrachovinová, PhD. Abstract: Obesity with its comorbidities has enormous impacts on the life of the individual as well as the whole society. Therefore, the attention is paid to the treatment of obesity, where bariatric surgery appears to be one of the most effective. The surgical solution offers excellent results in terms of weight reduction in the short- and medium-term period, but the increased number of weigh gain cases appears in long-term perspective. The aim of this thesis is to find out whether any of the psychological factors that are included in the psychological assessment prior to the bariatric surgery, can predict the development of weight after the surgical procedure. The research is retrospective and quantitative; it focuses on monitoring variables from psychological assessment as well as weight development from the time of the surgery to 4 years after the surgery with intervals of 3, 6, 9 months and 1, 2, 3, 4 years. Attention is focused not only on the weight itself, but also on the weight change (compared to the initial weight and the comparison between consecutive...
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Health Related Quality of Life of Adolescent Patients With Chronic Somatic Illness
Slezák, Tomáš ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Dragomirecká, Eva (referee)
Quality of life and chronic diseases are globally debated topics with different definitions, where even the professional community struggles to define them. This paper attempts to provide definitions of these concepts and to relate them to the disease of CF. This very rare disease severely limits the functioning of the patient and the whole family. The empirical part targets the population of outpatients and inpatients with CF. Using a generic and a specific questionnaire, it tries to map the quality of life of the individuals concerned and to compare some psychometric qualities of both questionnaires. Data collection was performed on a sample of 34 individuals and the results show a satisfactory quality of life and better qualities of the specific CFQ-R 14+ questionnaire. In conclusion, the interaction between professionals, patients and their loved ones is very important to maintain the best quality of life in adolescents with CF.
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Eating disorders in women elite sport
Vítková, Tereza ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Rolederová, Iva (referee)
The thesis is focused on the issue of eating disorders in women elite sport and topics related to their causes, prevalence, symptoms, consequences and prevention. The project also investigates personality characteristics of athletes with eating disorders and social factors influencing performance and onset of disorders. The aim of the empirical part is to provide insight into the issue of eating disorders in women elite sport and indicate the relationship between eating disorders and risk groups of sports and level of sport performance. The research proposal is of exploratory nature as it combines both qualitative and quantitative method. For diagnostic purposes Female Athlete Screening Tool and Eating Attitude Test will be used, followed by Eating Disorder Examination semi-structured interview in the qualitative part. The findings will serve as a starting point for subsequent research, in particular for the introduction of prevention programmes targeting specific risk groups of female athletes. Keywords Anorexia athletica; Anorexia nervosa; Bulimia nervosa; Eating disorders, Women sport
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Depression in the elderly and appropriate forms of intervention
Eliášová, Marie ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Faberová, Karolína (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with depression and its specifics in the developmental period of old age. It presents important moments in the life of seniors, including psychological, intellectual and psychosocial changes, it also focuses on changes in self-concept and adaptation. It describes depression from a general point of view, however, it emphasizes the issue of depression in old age and its transformations. It presents specific phenomena associated with depression in old age, such as pseudodementia, grief and suicidality. The following section presents the forms of treatment and non-pharmacological interventions, including their use in old age. Art therapy, music therapy and physical activities are introduced in more detail. The proposed research would address the effect of these interventions on depression in old age. Keywords Old Age; Changes; Depression; Diagnostics; Interventions; Treatment; Institutionalization
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Influence of psychosocial factors on emotional status, rehabilitation and quality of life of patients after myocardial infarction
Pilipčincová, Alexandra ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Honzák, Radkin (referee) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee)
Objective: To examine the impact of dispositional optimism/pessimism, social support and coping strategies on emotional distress (symptoms of depression and anxiety) of patients with myocardial infarction (MI) during hospitalization and one year after the discharge. To identify predictors of recovery and factors affecting quality of life of these patients. Methods: The sample consisted of 102 patients (25 women, 77 men) with diagnosis of acute MI, 2 - 4 days after MI. The age of men patients was lower than 65 and of women lower than 75. During the follow-up, one year after the discharge, we interviewed 63 patients (45 men, 18 women). The group used for comparison consisted of 1% random sample of Czech population from Benešov district, matched with regard to age and sex, selected during epidemiological survey PostMONIKA. Results: Patients with acute MI were significantly more depressed than the subjects from comparison group (ll% vs. 3% p<0.05). One year after MI, the prevalence of depression symptoms among patients was the same as in the comparison sample. Patients with acute MI reported anxiety symptoms only rarely and denial as a coping strategy was associated with diminished occurrence of anxiety symptoms. An association between emotional coping, distraction cop1ng, lack of social support, dispositional...
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Life quality and body awareness among overweight and obese adolescents
Fričová, Anna ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
The main aim of my diploma thesis is to examine the issue of obesity and overweight in adolescents from a medical, psychological and social point of view with emphasis on the developmental perspective, not only through knowledge from literature, but also through the results of current research. In the theoretical part, the project focuses on the specifics of overweight and obesity in adolescents with an emphasis on the impact on quality of life and the relationship to their own body in this particular age group. There is also a big attention paid to psychological aspects of eating behavior in the family, lifestyle in the family and current development trends in the field of body image. In addition, differences between adolescent girls and boys are also being monitored. They are monitored by two ways and those are how they are spending their free time and how they approach to a healthy lifestyle. In addition, the work examines the motivation to change eating and exercise habits and appropriate ways of early intervention. Empirical research is focused on monitoring the impact of overweight and obesity on quality of life and the relationship to their body in adolescents. The data were collected in a form of questionnaires, and ethical principles were necessary to adhere throughout the research The...
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Life quality and body awareness among overweight and obese adolescents
Fričová, Anna ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Čáp, David (referee)
The main aim of my diploma thesis is to examine the issue of obesity and overweight in adolescents from a medical, psychological and social point of view with emphasis on the developmental perspective, not only through knowledge from literature, but also through the results of current research. In the theoretical part, the project focuses on the specifics of overweight and obesity in adolescents with an emphasis on the impact on quality of life and the relationship to their own body in this particular age group. There is also a big attention paid to psychological aspects of eating behavior in the family, lifestyle in the family and current development trends in the field of body image. In addition, differences between adolescent girls and boys are also being monitored. They are monitored by two ways and those are how they are spending their free time and how they approach to a healthy lifestyle. In addition, the work examines the motivation to change eating and exercise habits and appropriate ways of early intervention. Empirical research is focused on monitoring the impact of overweight and obesity on quality of life and the relationship to their body in adolescents. The data were collected in a form of questionnaires, and ethical principles were necessary to adhere throughout the research The...
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Eating disorders and their impact on the functioning of the family
Syslová, Michaela ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Soukupová, Pavlína (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of how an individual with an eating disorder changes the functioning of the family with a focus on the relationship with parents, but also with potential siblings. It also focuses on how the family perceives this disorder in its family member. The work summarizes the knowledge about the issue of eating disorders in the context of coexistence of the whole family. The work describes the relationships in the family with a person suffering from an eating disorder, family activities and their changes in relation to the disease. Recommendations are also made on how to work with the family in which the disorder occurred. The aim of the research proposal is to find out the differences between the view of fathers and mothers on the functioning of the family, life satisfaction, their approach and relationship to a child with an eating disorder in the Czech environment. The research proposal is of a qualitative nature, although it combines quantitative and qualitative methods. The family environment and relationships will be determined in the form of the PACHIQ - R (Parent- Child Interaction Questionnaire) and the Czech version of the Family Environment Scale. In the qualitative part of the survey, a form of semi-structured interview is proposed. In practice, this...
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Detection of diabetes distress syndrome in Czech patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus
Povrazníková, Monika ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Javůrková, Alena (referee)
Literature review part of this thesis focuses on the diabetes mellitus diagnosis and its negative effects on mental health and social relationships of diagnosed patients in form of diabetes distress. The research part investigates change of diabetes distress measured by Diabetes distress scale (DDS) and glycated haemoglobin HbA1c in the beginning, at the end and 6 months after the end of the group educational course. The group consisted of 66 Czech people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (mean age 62 years, SD = 9,77; median = 63,5). Increased diabetes distress (DDS value ≥ 2) in the 1st measurement of DDS was reported by 15 people out of 52 (29%). There was a significant decrease in HbA1c from the beginning to the end of the course (χ2 (2) = 22.5; p <0,001) and this low level was maintained even after 6 months after the course. A non-significant reduction in diabetes distress between 1st and 2nd measurement was observed in 45 subjects (W = 509; p = 0,098). A statistically significant reduction in diabetes distress was observed between the 1st and 2nd DDS measurement only in those 23 subjects (χ2 (2) = 9,50; p = 0,002) who also participated in 3rd DDS measurement - further research in this area would be appropriate. In our sample, no significant difference was found between the sexes, DDS and HbA1c,...
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