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Coevolution of cytokines from the interleukin 10 family and their receptors
Harazim, Markéta ; Schneider, Bohdan (advisor) ; Novotný, Marian (referee)
Interleukin 10 family (FIL-10) is an important family of cytokines triggering immune response of different outcome, from antiinflammatory factor interleukin (IL) 10 through epithelia related subfamily of IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24, to IL-22 and IL-26 with role in infection immunity. The family is closely related to interferons (IFNs), several of which (Interferon λs) are commonly placed into FIL-10 for its functional and structural similarities with FIL-10 proteins. FIL-10 interleukins share several receptors, which in different combinations of receptors and interleukin result in different immune response. As the family proteins are expressed in as evolutionary old taxa as cartilaginous fish, we presumed a coevolution in the protein family and the corresponding receptors would be detectable in the sequences of genes and subsequently proteins of FIL-10. Using statistical methods, evolutionary relations within the group of FIL-10 and group of their receptors were resolved. Coevolution of the cytokine-receptor combination in FIL-10 was detected in some of the expected cases. IL10RB seems to be consistently in coevolution with IL-10. Evolution of IL20RB receptor, which is shared within the group by IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24, is directed by IL-20 evolution, coevolution with IL-19 and IL-24 is in most cases...
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How do objects arise?
Novotný, Michal ; Novák, Aleš (advisor) ; Kolář, Martin (referee)
Proposed thesis is an attempt to summarise the term object in the work of American philosopher Graham Harman, he himself named Object oriented ontology. The accent will be given also to other terms such as realism, essence, quadruple dimension of object, withdrawal of object, intentionality, conception of time and space, emanation and others. It attempts to create a certain genealogy of those terms in the work of other authors (Kant, Schopenhauer, Nietzche, Merleau-Ponty) and consequent comparison with the use of those terms in Harman's work. The aim is to create a certain critical overview of Harman's conception of o object and in general speculative realism theory and point out certain other approached to the classical subject-object dimension.
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Impact of protein transmembrane domains on membrane organisation
Šljivnjak, Erna ; Cebecauer, Marek (advisor) ; Novotný, Marian (referee)
Plasma membrane is not a static, but rather a dynamic structure that constantly changes its form and local properties. Interactions between building blocks of plasma membrane and external factors are responsible for those changes. In this thesis, I summarize the literature which describes interactions between transmembrane proteins and lipid membranes as well as its consequences. I discuss membrane thickness, respectively thinning, protein sorting and clustering shown to be dependent on the properties of transmembrane domains. Furthermore, the role of proteins in various model of the plasma membrane organization are indicated. Finally, I report on currently discovered impact of the surface roughness of TMDs on local mobility and organization of lipids. All these data indicate importance of detailed understanding of TMDs, their properties and relation to surrounding lipid membranes. Key words: membrane, protein, transmembrane domain, hydrophobic mismatch, protein sorting, models of the plasma membrane
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Effects of phosphorylation on 3D conformation of proteins
Tomčalová, Brenda ; Novotný, Marian (advisor) ; Vymětal, Jiří (referee)
Phosphorylation is one of the most ubiquitous posttranslational modification types. Understanding of itsfunction and regulation has significant impact on diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. This thesis presents and summarizes the results of several publications that analyze phosphorylation on large datasets using bioinformatics tools. In this thesis the general principles how the phosphorylation influences physico-chemical properties of proteins are described. In the first and the second chapter the evolution principles, function and regulation of protein kinases and phosphatases are provided. In the third chapter thesis concentrates on the distributions of phosphorylated sites among organisms (plants and animals). In the last chapter current knowledge of orthosteric and allosteric effects of phosphorylation as well as its effects on 2D and 3D structure of phosphorylated proteins is summarized.
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VR Interactive Application
Novotný, Miroslav ; Tóth, Michal (referee) ; Milet, Tomáš (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is to learn about virtual reality and the aspects of the development for this platform. The next goal is to find well suited development environment for the application and test the capabilities and limits of them both. The thesis will be completed by designing, implementing and then testing the aplication using knowledge learnt.
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Analýza délky brzdné dráhy a středního zpomalení traktoru Zetor Forterra s přívěsem BSS10 v závislosti na zatížení přívěsu
Novotný, Michal
The thesis deals with the analysis and comparison of the braking distance and the braking deceleration of the tractor Zetor Forterra 12441 and the towed trailer BSS 10 in relation to its load. For a complex analysis, the measurement of air pressure in front of and behind the load air pressure regulator of the trailer was performed during the brake tests as well. The work also includes a description of the current vehicle braking systems, methods of performing brake testing and legislative requirements on brake testing. There is also the methodology of comparative tests themselves and their specifications described in the thesis. The values achieved by the measurement are confronted both with the legislative regulations valid until the end of 2015 and the regulation newly valid from 1st January 2016. The analysis of the measured values shows that the braking distance of the set is lengthening with increasing the weight of the trailer load.
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The Assessment of the Financial Health of Jednota Tábor
Sechovcová, Veronika ; Kozáková, Petra (advisor) ; Novotný, Martin (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to evaluate the financial health of the Jednota Tábor business cooperative from 2011 to 2015 using methods of financial analysis and inter-comparison comparison and possible recommendations for improvement of its financial situation. The thesis is classically divided into two basic parts, theoretical-methodological and practical. The first part of the thesis explains the basic concepts related to the topic of financial analysis and describes the basic methods of assessing the financial situation. At the end of this part of the thesis are presented the methods of intercompany comparison. In the second part of the thesis, the theoretical and methodological points are applied on a practical example, namely the trade union Jednota Tábor. For better information ability, the results are compared with the results of the Jednota Jindřichův Hradec consumer association and the results of the industry. The conclusion of the work is summary of the results, evaluation of financial health and suggestion of recommendations for possible improvement.
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The valuation of CHÂTEAU VALTICE - Vinné sklepy Valtice, a.s.
Novotný, Milan ; Krabec, Tomáš (advisor) ; Chaloupka, Jan (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to determine the objectivized value of CHÂTEAU VALTICE Vinné sklepy Valtice, a.s. while maintaining its current business concept as of 31.12.2015. The thesis is divided into several thematic units in accordance with the es-tablished valuation practice in the Czech Republic. First, the company is introduced and its financial health and competitive position on the market are assessed. The forecast of market share and revenue growth is based on the results of Strategic Analysis. The anal-ysis and prognosis of value generators are then used to compile a financial plan that forms the basis for a DCF equity valuation, which is complemented by a market-based valuation through industry multipliers method and also by substance-based valuation.
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Coevolution of cytokines from the interleukin 10 family and their receptors
Harazim, Markéta ; Schneider, Bohdan (advisor) ; Novotný, Marian (referee)
Interleukin 10 family (FIL-10) is an important family of cytokines triggering immune response of different outcome, from antiinflammatory factor interleukin (IL) 10 through epithelia related subfamily of IL-19, IL-20 and IL-24, to IL-22 and IL-26 with role in infection immunity. The family is closely related to interferons (IFNs), several of which (IFN s, and in this study alsoλ IFN ) are commonly placed into FIL-10 for its functional and structural similarities with FIL-10γ proteins. FIL-10 interleukins share several receptor subunits, which in different combinations of receptors and interleukin bound result in different immune response. As the family proteins are expressed in as evolutionary old taxa as cartilaginous fish, we presumed a coevolution in the protein family and the corresponding receptors would be detectable in the sequences of genes and subsequently proteins of FIL-10. Using statistical and structure biological methods, evolutionary relations within the group of FIL-10 and group of their receptors were resolved, with notable division of IFN into independent groups of fish and the later vertebrates. Coevolutionγ of the ligand receptor combination in FIL-10 was detected in most cases, with exception of some interactions of IL10RB, the most widely used receptor subunit in the family,...
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Building of Current Railway Station in Brno
Kalvoda, Vít ; Tichomirov, Vladimír (referee) ; Myslín, Jiří (advisor) ; Novotný, Miloslav (advisor)
The present Bachelor´s thesis is based on the project carried out as an architectural design studio´s project of the 4th semester of Bachelor´s degree. The assigned task concerned a reconstruction of a historical building currently used as the main railway station of Brno city. The project deals with reconstruction and possible new uses of the building in case that a current railway station should be moved about 800 meters to the south (the new position of the railway station might be decided by the Ministry of transport of the Czech Republic depending on feasibility studies in near future). The project aims to show new possibilities of use for the historical building (after the railway station being moved) as well as to find an easier access to surrounding area for pedestrians coming from the city centre and heading to the South. So the project considers the demolition of the building wing nearest to the Post Office (building). In this way, a new passage for pedestrians could be opened at the same time a new optical connection would be created. On the part of the demolished wing ground plan a new high-rise building with a panoramatic terrace and commercial use would be erected. It would also serve as a landmark. Further the tower of the historical building, destroyed in the World War II. would be newly reconstructed. The old passage along the front of the west wing would be demolished and a new one build. Eventually the remains of the west wall would be reconstructed after demolition. Even if these extentions and changes are carried out in modern design, the historical values of the building and its genius loci would be respected. In the area of the former railyard, a park would be created which is desperately needed in this part of the city. The weelchair access is planed across the park heading from the city centre towards the bridge at the level of second floor of Tesco and NG Vaňkovka. There would be also a parking lot for about 700 cars below the park.
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