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EU's competition policy v. USA's antitrust : key differences to know
Luňáčková, Petra ; Gutiérrez Chvalkovská, Jana (referee) ; Hrubý, Zdeněk (advisor)
This thesis is a comparative study of European competition policy and American antitrust. It introduces both policies and focuses mostly on key differences between them, especially on the non-price vertical restraints and monopoly pricing. The economic theory is indecisive about the effects of vertical agreements on competition. The EU finds them often anticompetitive compared to the U.S. that believes in their procompetitive or neutral impact. The case studies illustrate how antitrust measures are applied and what consequences they might have in terms of market structure, innovation, motivation or deterrence. The findings are backed by law systems, historical development and in particular by economic discussion of antitrust efficiency. The analysis suggests that without a suitable economic theory that would explain the outcome of market interventions as well as corresponding welfare effects the differences are hard to overcome.
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The relationship between the European antitrust policy and national competition authorities
Bečičková, Hana ; Hrubý, Zdeněk (referee) ; Streblov, Pavel (advisor)
The main goal of this thesis is to compare the behavior and the institutional embedding of the national competition authorities of member countries of the EU and to assess the level of harmonization among them and in comparison to the institutions dealing with competition policy on the European level. The main contribution is a complex summary of the most important principles of competition policy functioning, the data collection and the construction of a simple competition policy harmonization index. By applying this index on a set of member countries, a high level of harmonization among the individual competition authorities was found. However, by comparing the results of the index for two non-member states, it is not possible to confirm the hypothesis of the membership in the EU being the only explication of the level of harmonization found.
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Hybrid Model for Regulating Carbon
Ashrafullina, Ksenia ; Hrubý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Ščasný, Milan (referee)
The objective of this dissertation is to review the instruments used to reduce carbon emissions, discuss the emission trading introduced by the European Emission Trading System and tentatively suggest further improvements. We shall look at carbon emissions as a negative externality and explore the theoretical foundations of carbon taxation and cap-and-trade systems as well as their possible interactions, conflicts and synergies. We shall also look at the risks associated with using carbon regulation in the ELI, mainly carbon leakage and lack of international compliance with regulatory mechanisms, especially in the developing countries. On a practical side, we shall focus on the structure and performance of the carbon reduction policies during the three phases - NAP1, NAP2 and NAP3, paying close attention to free allocation and auctioning. Finally we shall discuss risk-reduction methods, focusing on a potential hybrid model combining both cap-and-trade and taxation with a percentage of the revenues redistributed to the developing world to stimulate climate change agenda.
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Impact Assessment case study: EU ETS and investment decision-making of power generators
Chvalkovská, Jana ; Hrubý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Mejstřík, Michal (referee)
This thesis is focused on the assessment of impacts of the regulatory uncertainty related to the EU Emission Trading System (EU ETS) on investment decision- making of power generators. The need for investments in new power generation capacities that would be capable to satisfy in the future the growing electricity demand is currently a discussed topic on the Czech as well as on the EU level. These investments are endangered by the uncertainty regarding the future development of the EU ETS regulatory framework, which is a major price driver of the tradable emission allowances. This thesis uses the real option model to analyze the impacts of potential future developments of the emission allowance prices on the investments into new power plants and identifies the regulatory uncertainty as one of the major causes, why investors postpone the investment into the construction of new sources. The analysis is embedded into a broader framework depicturing the EU ETS and the impact assessment procedure conducted by the European Commission.
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Actual discussion about the regulation of the energy market : theory and practice in the Czech Republic and France
Riemlová, Simona ; Hrubý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Gregor, Martin (referee)
The European energy market has experienced a process of rapid change in recent years. The trend of liberalisation and deregulation is shaping in a fundamental way the environment in which energy companies operate. The aim of this paper is to analyse the present situation regarding the European debate on the liberalisation of the energy market. The analysis includes a theoretical excursus on the problem of the natural monopoly in the energy sector, a description of the European requirements for the organisation of the energy market and an account of the experience of the first countries opening their energy sectors. We will base our affirmation that European directive 2003/92/EC leaves sufficient room for each member state to organise its energy market on its own, on the current debate and the experience of two European Union member states, the Czech Republic and France. The culmination of this paper is section six comparing the present state of the liberalisation process in these two countries, the satisfaction of inhabitants with this process and its impact on energy prices. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The concept of "Leniency Programme" in the fighting against cartels
Dullová, Jana ; Hrubý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Mertlík, Pavel (referee)
Bachelor thesis deals with cartel agreements and "Leniency programme", which represents one of the most successful ways of detecting conspiracies. In its very first part it describes the evolution of the concepts of competition policy. It is neccessarily followed by basic terms in the field of the protection of competition, as well as competition law in the USA, the EU and the Czech republic. In the next parts, models of cartel agreements and Leniency Programme including the prisoner's dilemma model are presented. Then the conclusions from previous chapters are used to draw up the recommendations in order to improve the efficiency of Leniency programmmes applied in the USA, the EU and the Czech republic. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Korean investor in the Czech enterprise : (the case study of Daewoo Avia, a.s.)
Kábrtová, Jana ; Kouba, Karel (advisor) ; Hrubý, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of the Korean investor Daewoo in the Czech company Avia. The aim of this thesis is to illustrate on the example of Daewoo Avia, a.s. the impact of cut and dry application of Korean system of corporate governance on Czech conditions. In the detailed analysis there is a focus on the development of the company, Korean principles of corporate governance, difficulties of Korean supervision and company success, that is evaluated in accordance to economical indexes, including production and the number of employees. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Numerical calibration of material parameters of selected directional distortional hardening models with combined approach using both distorted yield surfaces and stress-strain curves
Hrubý, Zbyněk ; Plešek, Jiří ; Parma, Slavomír ; Marek, René ; Feigenbaum, H. P. ; Dafalias, Y.F.
The plastic strain induced anisotropy is a well-known phenomenon in manufacturing and directional distortional hardening represents a very promising way to capture real plastic behavior of metals. Many papers were published in the past typically extending the von Mises yield criterion with directionally dependent internal variable and defining yield point at the basis of plastic strain offset. Material parameters of these models were typically calibrated at the basis of deformed yield surfaces only, which – as revealed – could lead to certain discrepancies in simple stress-strain response. Presented paper introduces a numerical calibration approach taking both distorted yield surfaces and stress-strain curves information into account. Besides the calibration procedures, innovative applications of experimental techniques such as the acoustic emission for an acquisition of yield inception and plastic straining, convexity of the models, or numerical implementation of these models are discussed.
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