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Synthesis of saccharide building units of D-hexosamine type and their application in the oligosaccharide synthesis
Wernerová, Martina ; Trnka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Jindřich, Jindřich (referee) ; Kniežo, Ladislav (referee)
2-Amino-2-deoxysaccharides are present in many important classes of glycoconjugates and naturally occuring oligosaccharides, in which they are connected to other residues through either 1,2-cis or, more frequently, 1,2-trans glycosidic linkage. They are fundamental to biological processes such as cell-cell or cell-virus recognition, which makes them an attractive target in the study of immune system defects. With the growing demand for these biologically important derivatives, efforts to develop chemical methods for the synthesis of 2-amino oligosaccharides have also increased. This work is focused on preparation of saccharide units, derived from D-glucosamine, D-galactosamine and D-mannosamine, and their application in the synthesis of branched oligosaccharides. Monosaccharide building blocks were designed in consideration of desired O-glycosidic bond configuration of oligosaccharides. Synthesis of glycosyl acceptors, suited for the synthesis of bi-antennary trisaccharides, was based on trans-diaxial oxirane ring opening of 1,6:2,3-dianhydrosugars by azide ion. Glycosyl acceptors for tetrasaccharide synthesis were prepared from commercially avaialable D-glucosamine and D-galactosamine. The anomeric hydroxyl group was protected as n-pentenyl glycoside, which can be later used as a precursor of...
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Organocatalytic asymmetric synthesis of various organic compounds from α,β-unsaturated aledyhes
Kamlar, Martin ; Trnka, Tomáš (referee) ; Veselý, Jan (advisor)
With regard to a fast development in the field of fluoroorganic chemisty, the intention of this diploma thesis is focused to utilize of organocatalysis by secondary amines as catalysts for preparation enantiomerically pure compounds containing fluorine atom in its structure. The preparation of these subsances is realized by way of nucleofilic addition to α,β- unsaturated aldehydes using suitable fluorine containing nuclephilic agent 1-(fluoronitromethylsulphonyl)benzene, to get appropriate 1,4-adduct.
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Synthesis and properties of Chiral Acyclic Nucleoside Bisphosphonates and Phosphonomethylphoshinates
Doláková, Petra ; Holý, Antonín (advisor) ; Trnka, Tomáš (referee) ; Moravcová, Jitka (referee) ; Hocek, Michal (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Science Department of Organic and Nuclear Chemistry Synthesis and Properties of Chiral Acyclic Nucleoside Bisphosphonates and Phosphonomethylphosphinates Doctoral Thesis Abstract Mgr. Petra Doláková Advisor: Prof. Dr. Antonín Holý, DrSc., Dr.h.c. mult. Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Prague 2008 Přírodovědecká fakulta Univerzity Karlovy v Praze Katedra organické a jaderné chemie Syntéza a vlastnosti chirálních bisfosfonátů a fosfonomethoxyfosfinátů acyklických analogů nukleosidů Autoreferát disertační práce Mgr. Petra Doláková Školitel: Prof. Dr. Antonín Holý, DrSc., Dr.h.c. mult. Ústav organické chemie a biochemie, AV ČR, v.v.i. Praha 2008 Introduction Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPs) represent a key class of nucleotide analogs with a broad spectrum of antiviral and cytostatic activity.1 Among ANPs, particularly 9-[2- (phosphonomethoxy)ethyl]adenine (PMEA, adefovir, Figure 1) is active against DNA and retroviruses; its prodrug, adefovir dipivoxil, was approved for hepatitis B therapy (Hepsera). 9-(R)-[2-(Phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine (PMPA, tenofovir), is a promising anti-HIV drug, its prodrug Viread was approved for treatment of AIDS and chronic hepatitis B. A third type of antiviral compounds is represented...
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Business Plan
Trnka, Tomáš ; Kovář, František (advisor) ; Řepová, Helena (referee)
The thesis is focused on business plan development for a new wooden toys production company with production of military inspired toys both for children and collectors.The goal is to confirm feasibility of business plan and calculate return on equity and company appraisement after five years of existence. Main management and marketing concepts are presented in theory. Financial analysis and appraisal techniques are used to achieve main goals.
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