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Didactical situations for teaching functions at the lower secondary level
Krůtová, Michaela ; Novotná, Jarmila (advisor) ; Vondrová, Naďa (referee)
This thesis deals with the possible way to use the Theory of didactic situations in the second level of Czech primary schools. The main topic of the experiment is the introduction of functions in the 9th grade of primary schools. The entire work is divided into two parts - theoretical and experimental. The theoretical part is focused on introduction of the Theory of didactic situations and processing the topic in the educational materials used in the Czech Republic. It also deals with the historical development of the topic of functions in the Czech curricula. In this context, the author conducted a survey, the purpose of which was primarily the view of a primary school mathematics teacher on teaching of functions and on changes that recently accompany the Czech school system. In the experimental part, the author presents detailed information about the educational block processed and implemented according to the principles of the Theory of didactic situations. The aim of the experiment was to watch the reaction of students to the concept of teaching according to the Theory of didactic situations and to evaluate their success in relation to the desired outcomes of the topic. The thesis describes the preparation, progress and evaluation of the prepared educational unit.
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Financial literacy in mathematics
Lundáková, Naďa ; Novotná, Jarmila (advisor) ; Tůmová, Veronika (referee)
Title: Financial Literacy in Mathematics Abstract Bachelor thesis Financial Literacy in Mathematics deals with the computational aspects of the financial literacy of grammar school pupils. The first part focuses on the general concepts of financial literacy and financial mathematics and their mutual relationship. The second part is devoted to compiling the examples and exercises that can be used to enhance the level of financial literacy of junior secondary school pupils. Examples and exercises listed here respect the current mathematical knowledge of students of the elementary grades. Most of them are devoted to work with the money. Key words Financial Literacy, Financial Math, Examples, Exercises, Grammar School, Money.
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Statistics and its use in school mathematics
Štefánková, Martina ; Novotná, Jarmila (advisor) ; Mošna, František (referee)
Concept of the bachelor's thesis is the statistics in school mathematics with a focus on upper primary schools. The aim is research of current school textbooks statistical themes, mapping terms pupils are acquainted, what tasks the curriculum is practiced and build of custom tasks. Solution of these problems is demonstrated by use of MS Excel spreadsheet.
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Education influencing development of the child
Vladyka, Tomáš ; Novotná, Jiřina (advisor) ; Lněnička, Martin (referee)
Název: Pedagogické ovlivňování rozvoje dítěte v DD Autor: Tomáš VLADYKA Katedra: Ústav profesního rozvoje pracovníků ve školství Vedoucí práce PhDr. Jiřina NOVOTNÁ ANOTACE Tématem bakalářské práce je "Pedagogické ovlivňování rozvoje dítěte v DD". Práce je rozčleněna na část teoretickou a na část praktickou. Teoretická část se v jednotlivých kapitolách zaměřuje na historii dětských domovů, na platnou legislativu týkající se oblasti ústavní výchovy (například zákon o sociálně právní ochraně dětí, zákon o rodině apod.). V dalších kapitolách je pozornost věnována především charakteru a způsobu realizování ústavní výchovy, typům zařízení pro výkon ústavní výchovy (dětské domovy, dětské domovy se školou, diagnostické ústavy, výchovné ústavy apod.). Důležitou součást práce tvoří kapitoly týkající se způsobu trávení volného času dětí, výchovy dětí a výchovně vzdělávací práce v dětském domově. Dále osobnosti vychovatele, jeho kompetencím a způsobu realizování výchovné a vzdělávací činnosti. V empirické části se předkládaná práce zabývá popisem a zpracováním výzkumného šetření. Technikou sběru dat výzkumné sondy je pozorování, rozhovor a srovnávací případová studie provedená u dvou rozdílných typů zařízení, kde je poskytována ústavní výchova. K možnosti zrealizování výzkumného šetření byla oslovena tato zařízení:...
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Pupils' difficulties in solving selected word problems from TIMSS research
Matěka, Petr ; Vondrová, Naďa (advisor) ; Novotná, Jarmila (referee)
Pupils' difficulties in solving selected word problems from TIMSS research. (Diploma Thesis.) Abstract The theoretical part of the diploma thesis describes international comparative surveys, namely PISA and TIMSS, and analyses results of Czech pupils. Some areas are distinguished in which our pupils were unsuccessful and from them, the area of word problems and their mathematisation was selected for further work. Next, a solving strategy is characterised and some relevant research from this area is given. The core of the work lies in the experimental part whose goal was to find out what strategies pupils use when solving selected problems from TIMSS research and why they fail in them, via the analysis of pupils' written solutions complemented by interviews with them. Causes of failure of our pupils in these problems in TIMSS 2007 are looked for in mistakes pupils make, while it is also followed in what phase of the solving process they appear. The participants of research were pupils of Grade 9 of a primary school who solved three selected word problems from TIMSS research. Their written solutions were complemented by interviews with the experimenter focused on their mistakes and lack of clarity of the solutions. Four pupils participated in a pilot study. The atomic analysis of their solutions confirmed...
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Inequalities as a diagnostical tool for discovering formalism in varions domains of school mathematics
Dubišarová, Václava ; Novotná, Jarmila (advisor) ; Vondrová, Naďa (referee)
Inequalities as a diagnostical tool for discovering formalism in various domains of school mathematics Abstract: This thesis targets various types of errors and their causes, in particular formal using of mathematical symbolism, appearing in students solutions of specific inequalities. The theoretical part refers on articles dea- ling with the difficulties manifested in students solutions of inequalities and with factors influencing appearence of these difficulties, on the basic publi- cation dealing with the theory of errors and the factors that influence the occurrence of these. In the practical part, I analyze works of students from one secondary school in Prague. The aim of the diploma is to detect domains where negative transfer of knowledge influence the domain of inequalities. Errors identified in these solutions are closely linked with domain of equati- ons, but they are also influenced by knowledge from the domain of function, sets, algebraic expressions, mathematical logic and numbers. Keywords: Work with errors, typology of errors, inequalities, mathemati- cal symbolism, transfer of knowledge, goniometric inequalities, strategies in solving inequalities 1
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Knowledge about non-communicable diseases among students of basic and grammar schools
Novotná, Jana ; Havlová, Michaela (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
The thesis examines the questions of teaching about non-communicable diseases in Czech schools from different perspectives. Questionnaire was used to analyse opinions and attitudes of teachers to teach about this subject at basic and grammar schools, and satisfaction of future teachers with the quality training about non-communicable diseases at universities. Tests were used to assessed and compared the knowledge of these diseases among pupils of basic and grammar schools as well as among university students. The thesis also focuses on evaluating of incorporation of the topic into the current textbooks for basic and secondary schools and at inclusion the topic in school curricula at different schools. Part of this work are also materials for pupils that should serve to support the teaching about non-communicable diseases. Key words: non-communicable diseases, health education, school curriculum, questionnaire, test, textbook
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Save application of injections
Machová, Anna ; Hošťálková, Monika (advisor) ; Novotná, Jindra (referee)
This thesis fouses on a save application of intramuscular injections. In this work I am fousing mainly on applications of the injections into musculus gluteus maximus. The goal of my thesis is to find out, if nurses know and control the correct technique of application of the intramuscular injections. The theoretical part is devote to the applications of the intramuscular injections, where the utilities for an application of injection are mentioned. I point at the principles of save application of injections. I also present applications of intradermous, subcutaneous, intravenous and intramusculary injections. I pay the biggest attention to intramuscular application, convey each possible place of an application, correct patient's position, the specifications of application into each locations. The attention is also focus on specific application of the intramuscular injections to kids and the methods the Z-tract. There is a public notice 55/2011 of the Statue book., it is about activities of medical start and other specialists. The parameter of the science file, the methodic and the results of the questionnaire is described in the empirical part. I used the method of a questionnaire. The thesis confirms the most used musculus for application of intramuscular injection, musculus gluteus maximus. The findings,...
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Word problems with topics from chemistry
Poulová, Anežka ; Novotná, Jarmila (advisor) ; Čapek Adamec, Martin (referee)
The thesis is focused on verbal tasks within the subject of chemistry and consists of several parts. The introductory chapter contains a definition of the concept of verbal task, including the basic division of tasks, then the stages of solving the general verbal task and the approach to the solving of verbal tasks with chemical issue is mentioned. The second part summarizes the most common verbal tasks with chemical issue, their theoretical chemical and mathematical basis and offers various ways of how these tasks can be solved. The third part of the paper includes tasks that are an extension of the first part and serves as a sample of interesting examples (also in the terms of mathematical procedures) that are solved in chemistry. The author of the paper tries to show and compare different procedures for solutions and their influence on the efficiency and speed of calculation.
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Text properties as a factor in solving word problems with the use of Venn diagrams
Návarová, Daniela ; Novotná, Jarmila (advisor) ; Vondrová, Naďa (referee)
Title: Text properties as a factor in solving word problems with the use of Venn diagrams Author: Bc. Daniela Návarová Department: Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Education Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Jarmila Novotná, CSc. Supervisor's e-mail address: Jarmila.Novotna@pedf.cuni.cz This diploma thesis deals with the word problems where Venn diagrams can be used. The word problems are studied as texts and their specific text properties are scrutinised in the first, theoretical, part of the thesis. The second part describes an experiment that focuses on the importance of text properties of word problems for the problem solvers. The main aims of this diploma thesis are to show the possibility of textual examination of the chosen texts and to unfold some connections between the mathematical and linguistic views on the area of word problems. Keywords: text, word problem, Venn diagram
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