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Substance abuse among the top bodybuilders in the Czech Republic
Hoffmanová, Jana ; Harsa, Pavel (advisor) ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (referee)
In the last few years, the interest in bodybuilding has increased but unluckily it is often accompanied by taking doping substances. At this time, we have been already informed about anabolic steroids exclusively through the media spreading the news about the doping scandals of top athletes. Although many books were written about doping and bodybuilding, their first publishing was dated to 2000 and the literature today mainly focuses on nutrition and training. The goal of my thesis was to map the view of top bodybuilders on doping at the professional and hobby level and their knowledge of the effects of prohibited substances. The qualitative research was made by the series of dialogues that were semi-structured and with the agreement of respondents. The information was recorded on a dictaphone, transcribed and edited. The main research questions were based on the risks that are bodybuilders aware of, their motivation for the sports and possible use of the prohibited substances. They were also asked about their experience of the addiction to them. According to the research, the athletes are well-informed about all the risks. The majority of them are regular users of excessive amount. The motivation for the bodybuilding and taking doping is different, but they have something in common. It is the...
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Victimization of persons with serious mental illness.
Černý, Martin ; Vevera, Jan (advisor) ; Harsa, Pavel (referee) ; Látalová, Klára (referee)
Purpose: To estimate a) the state of the research of violent behavior and victimization of patients suffering with schizophrenia; b) to identify the prevalence of violent behavior and victimization in patients with schizophrenia and to study predictors of violent behavior. Method: a) detailed analysis of relevant studies in the PubMed database; b) data on violent behavior and victimization in the last six months, physical and sexual abuse in childhood and adolescence, substance abuse and post traumatic stress disorder were gathered in 158 patients with psychotic illness and matched comparison group. Additional information was collected from collateral informants. Several regression analysis was used to identify factors independently associated with recent violent behavior. Results: a) From relevant studies of patients suffering with schizophrenia 72% (n=176) exemined aggressive behavior, 23% (n=55) victimization, and 5% (n=13) both. b) In the sample, the presence of a psychotic disorder was associated with an increased risk of assaults (OR=3.80; 95% CI 2.060-7.014). Additional risk factors in persons with and without psychosis included recent physical victimization (OR=7.09; 95% CI 3.922-12.819), childhood maltreatment (OR=3.15; 95% CI 1.877-5.271), the level of drug use (OR=1.13; 95% CI 1.063-...
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Moving therapy as a part in long term drug users treatment - case studies serie and focus group of the clients in therapeutic community
Musílková, Eva ; Slepička, Pavel (advisor) ; Harsa, Pavel (referee)
Rigorous work deals with the importance of physical activities as a part of rigorous regiments of therapeutic communities. Thesis with the empirical- qualitative research character has the ambition of trying to offer the benefits of therapy by movement and sport through the eyes of clients. The processes of finding individual boundaries and physical limits, self-motivation, interaction, and the influence of group dynamics on their own physical performance depend on the progress of the client's convalescence, throughout the stabilization of his mental and physical health at the time of abstinence. Long-term use of addictive substances has a key effect on the physical fitness of users, frequent (and often not non-complicated) psychomotor and somatic comorbidity play a big role in finding and finding their own physical and mental limits. Research part of the thesis is conceived as a serie of case studies and one focus group with clients in particular therapeutic community for drug abusers. Research data was collected through semi-structured interviews, during the interview also situation curve was created by each respondent and following inquiry was performed. The research team consisted of 6 clients. The focus group was realized with complete staff of the therapeutic community. All - clients find...
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Problems of motivation of beach volleyball players
Knoblochová, Michaela ; Slepička, Pavel (advisor) ; Harsa, Pavel (referee)
Title: Motivation of players of beach volleyball Objectives: The aim of this master thesis is to assess the self-determination, motivational orientation, and the factors influencing the self confidence of beach volleyball players by means of questionnaires and to recommend practical applications based on obtained results (data). Methods: The study was conducted using a quantitative questionnaire, which was compiled of three standardized questionnaires in their Czech versions, used in psychology. To measure self-determination of male and female players of beach volleyball, the Sport Motivation Scale - 6 questionnaire was used. Goal Orientation was measured using the Perception of Success Questionnaire; the Sources of Sport Confidence questionnaire was used to deal with the topic of self confidence. Results: The obtained results regarding the players' self-determination confirm the general presumption of high levels of intrinsic motivation and very low levels of amotivation in individuals practicing sports. The highest values were measured with respect to integrated regulation, the most autonomous form of extrinsic motivation. With regard to gender, males scored higher in amotivation, external regulation, and introjected regulation. Females, on the other hand, scored higher in identified regulation,...
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The Influence of age, gender and movement activity on the reaction abilities of lower limbs by pubescents
Brychta, Petr ; Heller, Jan (advisor) ; Havel, Zdeněk (referee) ; Harsa, Pavel (referee)
Title: The influence of age, gender and movement activity on the reaction abilities of lower limbs. Objectives: The main objective of this dissertation was to find the reaction abilities of pubescent's (aged 10 - 15years) lower limbs on the basis of age, gender and movement activity. The further aim was to determine the pubescence period (age) when the most noticeable decrease of the visual disjunctive motor response time of lower limbs occurs. Methods: 214 boys and girls aged 10-15 years (157.8 ± 10.8 cm; 47.2 ± 10.7 kg) participated in this research. Simple, choice and disjunctive reaction time of lower limbs was measured through the Fitro Agility Check test. The results processing, including statistical procedures, was carried out using the Matlab (MathWorks, Inc.) programming environment, an IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Three-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests (α=0.05) were used to determine the individual parameters connection. Results: With increasing age, year over year, we found important differences and reaction time decreases of all types of reaction speeds. Testing brings to light the fact that the most noticeable decrease of both selection and disjunctive reaction time of lower limbs are between groups of 11 year olds (11.00-11.99) and 12 year olds (12.00-12.99). The most noticeable decrease...
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Cross-Cultural Validiation of the Czech Version of the Group Environment Questionnaire
Prokešová, Eva ; Rychtecký, Antonín (advisor) ; Válková, Hana (referee) ; Harsa, Pavel (referee)
-i- Abstract The aim of this study was to conduct a cross-cultural validation of the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ) (Carron, Widmeyer, & Brawley, 1985), internationally recognized as useful and contemporary measurement approach to cohesion. The GEQ was originally validated for a sample of North American athletes. In total, the sample consisted of 1 410 adult athletes and trainers (1 019 male and 391 female). A modified direct translation method with protocol analysis was utilised to translate the GEQ from English into Czech. Content validity was analysed and confirmed by content validity ratio method for individual indicators of the questionnaire. The factor structure of the Czech version of the questionnaire, verified by structural equation modelling, did not differ from the original version. The predictive validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by its ability to differentiate between groups of athletes (with diverse levels of perceived successfulness) on the basis of their team cohesion scores. Reliability, measured by the Cronbach's coefficient α, was 0,59-0,69 (for version with positively/negatively worded items) and 0,63-0,79 (for version with positively worded items). The results are discussed in the context of possible cultural differences. For population of the Czech athletes from team...
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Physical profile of judo athletes and its changes due to body weight reduction
Coufalová, Klára ; Heller, Jan (advisor) ; Harsa, Pavel (referee) ; Vomela, Jindřich (referee)
Title: Physical profile of judo athletes and its changes due to body weight reduction Aim of work: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of intensive pre-competitive body weight reduction on body composition, anthropometric parameters, postural stability, reaction time, maximal isometric muscle strength and biochemical parameters in the blood of elite judo athletes. Methods: The work compares the results of laboratory testing at the beginning and at the end of body weight reduction. Nine male judo athletes (age 22.3 ± 2.4 years) from the Czech national team participated in the research. For laboratory testing we used bioelectrical impedance analyser InBody 720, anthropometric equipment, pressure plate FootScan, dynamometer and apparatus for measuring reaction times of Biomedical laboratory UK FTVS and equipment for the collection of capillary and venous blood. We created a survey to gather more information about pre-competitive weight loss, attended by 53 competitors (37 men and 16 women, mean age 23.7 ± 3.2 years) who practise judo, wrestling Greco-Roman and freestyle, boxing, kickboxing, thaibox, taekwondo or karate. Results: We found a statistically significant (p<0.01) reduction of body weight, average weight loss was 4.6 % (on average 3.4 ± 1.6 kg). This reduction was reflected in...
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Agression measurement and assessment using methods of psychological diagnostics
Harsa, Pavel ; Žukov, Ilja (advisor) ; Hynek, Karel (referee) ; Kratochvíl, Stanislav (referee)
We have tried in doctoral thesis to objectively verify usability of questionnaires and projective methods in evaluation of aggressiveness of psychiatric patients. In the theoretical part of the study we discuss definitions of aggression and aggressiveness. There is a number of theoretic interpretations of aggressiveness and aggression in which these general terms are characterized. Most authors and single theory are in full agreement of views that there are two types of aggression, aceptable and unacceptable for society. We have aimed at bio-psycho-social aspects of aggression and the structure of aggressive personality. Nowadays there are many branches of science, which are engaged in aggressiveness, for example genetics, biology and psychology. It is evidence to support the view that aggressiveness is a serious problem in human society. At the same timee it is difficult to find empiric assessment of aggression. (...) In conclusion: These results verify clinical and forensic experience with assessment and measurement of aggressiveness. Test methods show much more general temperament dispositions, tendency to emotional reaction and to explosive reactions. Information and experience from this thesis could be helpful for assessment of emotional aggression in psychiatric patients and for forensic practie....
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