|
|
Effect of low-cholesterol diet on lipid parameters in patients with hypercholesterolemia
Šípková, Eva ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Šnejdrlová, Michaela (referee)
This thesis focuses in its theoretical part onto description of human lipid functions, and on cholesterol mainly. It zooms on different types of dyslipidemia, which as a significant factor influence the risk of cardiovascular disease. There are introduced possibilities of pharmacology treatment, as well as regime changes, which should go along with every attempt of successful therapy of dyslipidemia. The emphasis is on diet, which can in high level influence the amount of fat intake. Low-cholesterol diet by itself is no longer recommended as it was proved that limitation of cholesterol only does not lead to hypocholesterolemia. Patients with dyslipidemia have to follow diet with reduced fat intake; the impact of this diet on lipid parameters is subject of this thesis. Shortly we also touch the topic of atherosclerosis as a consequence of increased levels of blood lipids. Practical part is devoted to research that took place with control group of patients in Center of preventive cardiology of 3rd Medical Clinic of General University Hospital and 1st Faculty of Medicine of Charles University. Thanks to patients' observation before and after regime changes including diet we are able to evaluate by the end of this thesis whether diet with reduced fat intake has demonstrable effect on patient's lipid...
|
|
|
Eating habits of clients after cardiac and vascular incidents
Šatrová, Jiřina ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Goláň, Lubor (referee)
The thesis is divided into two parts, the theoretical and research. The theoretical part deals with the issues dyslipoproteinemia and their classification. generally describes a composition of different types of lipid and versatile metabolism. Discusses about the risk factors of atherosclerosis and the originator of cardiovascular disease. Finally analyzes in detail of treatment of dyslipidemia, ie. Pharmacotherapy and summarize the principles of diet therapy, adherence to proper diet and draws attention to preventive measures The aim of the research part is real verification of awareness and level of patient's eating habits after cardiac and vascular insufficiency.
|
|
|
Effect of low-choelsterol diet on lipid parametrs by patients with hypercholesterolemia
Šilerová, Tereza ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Šnejdrlová, Michaela (referee)
This Bachelor thesis is focused on dyslipidemia, as a significant risk factor in terms of the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. It describes the various lipids found in blood plasma. It explains the concept of dyslipidemia, their classification, diagnosis and therapy, which involves pharmacotherapeutic treatment and dietary measures as recommended for these diseases. It touches upon the process of atherosclerosis, as there is a very close between atherosclerosis and dyslipidemia. It gives a detailed description of the principles of the diet recommended for patients with hypercholesterolemia. The practical part of the work is devoted to research focusing on patients with hypercholesterolemia in order to determine their eating habits and the influence that a low-cholesterol diet has on blood lipid parameters. The aim was to either confirm or refute hypotheses concerning dietotherapy. The purpose of this work is to stress the importance of thorough and repeated education for patients in order to help prevent the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases. Keywords: dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, diet therapy, education, prevention
|
|
|
Influence of Diet on Blood Lipid Levels in Dyslipidemic Patients
Dostálová, Lenka ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Šnejdrlová, Michaela (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the relationship of eating habits and dyslipidemia. Its aim is to find out whether diet influences blood lipid levels. The paper is divided into a theoretical and a research part. The theoretical part handles with lipids of the human organism in general, their metabolism and the risks of atherosclerosis. The research part describes work with patients who suffer from lipid metabolism disorders. The patients had a diet consultation and, two months after, they had their blood drawn to see the results of cholesterol and triglycerides levels. The patients also filled in a questionnaire concerning their eating habits. It turned out that nutritional intervention had resulted in an average decrease in triglycerides and total as well as LDL-cholesterol levels. However, HDL-cholesterol level decreased as well. Furthermore, the questionnaire enquiry showed that dyslipidemic patients do not, in general, disobey recommendations of the dyslipidemic diet. The results of the paper showed that dyslipidemic patients follow recommendations of a healthy diet. However, there is still space for improvement. Thus, regular diet consultations are important and can help improve state of health of dyslipidemic patients. Keywords: Diet, dyslipidemia, cholesterol, triglycerides
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Influence of dietary calcium intake on bone mineral density
Ešlerová, Kateřina ; Raška, Ivan (advisor) ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with dietary calcium intake and its effect on bone mineral density. The theoretical part summarizes the general knowledge of calcium, its function, metabolism, sources, recommended daily allowance, disorders of calcium metabolism, diseases associated with calcium metabolism. The practical part contains the evaluation of results of the questionnaire focused on dietary calcium intake of patients from Osteological Centre of the 3rd Department of Medicine - Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague. These results were compared in association with bone mineral density. Key words: calcium, metabolism, nutrition, osteoporosis, bone mineral density
|
|
|
Affecting the Status of Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Through Diet and Lifestyle Changes
Prokešová, Petra ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Kříž, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with the disease diabetes mellitus type 2, especially compliance regime measures and education of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 visiting diabetes clinics in Jeseník and in Prague. The work is devided into theoretical part and practical part. The theoretical part focuses on the characteristics of the diabetes mellitus, diagnosis and options of treatment. The practical part identifies and compares the degree of compliance with regime measures and education level in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in diabetes clinics in Jeseník and Prague. The thesis may outline the deficiencies in the education of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 and their possible solution. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, education, prevention, diet, physical activity
|
|
|
Role of Helthy Life Style as Primary Prevention of Civilization Diseases
Pavlová, Veronika ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Prázný, Martin (referee)
The main aim of this diploma thesis is to focus on prevention of chronic non-infectious diseases with epidemic occurrence (so called civilizational diseases). The theoretical part deals with each illness separately, it describes cause factors, which are or are not possible to influence, and introduces primary preventive precautions that are available in the Czech Republic nowadays. The author evaluates the qualities of these programmes and their potential to work as an effective primary prevention. Preventive effect of education was tested in the practical part of the thesis. Eating habits and physical activity of grammar school students from Strakonice were found out through the questionnaire method. Following lecture on healthy lifestyle involved the thinking of students and the second round of questioning was done one month later. Students' answers confirmed the possitive influence of the educational programme as the eating habits improved as well as frequency of their physical activity. Educational programmes play an important role in primary prevention of civilizational diseases. Key words: overweight, obesity, risk factors, primary preventive, eating habbits, physical activity, adolescence, education, nutrition, life style
|
|
|
Regulation of cholesterol metabolism in hepatocytes
Ziková, Kateřina ; Vlachová, Miluše (advisor) ; Zlatohlávek, Lukáš (referee)
This thesis summarizes current data about cholesterol metabolism and its regulation in the liver. First part describes cholesterol transport among tissues by lipoproteins. Second part of this work deals with description of metabolic pathways of cholesterol conversion - how the cells obtain and metabolise cholesterol. Almost all cells can synthesize cholesterol or take it up from the circulation. The cells dispose of abundant cholesterol by several mechanisms - they convert cholesterol to cholesteryl esters that can be stored in lipid droplets; they turn cholesterol into oxysterols that can escape easier from the cell; or they export cholesterol through ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Specialized tissues (adrenal, gonads) transform cholesterol to steroid hormones. However, only the liver can remove cholesterol from the body in physiologically significant amount - it secretes cholesterol into the bile either directly or after conversion to bile acids. Third section deals with regulation of cholesterol metabolism in hepatocyte. Three transcription factors - sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP), liver X receptor (LXR), and farnesoid X receptor (FXR) - play the main role in regulation. Their activities are determined by concentration of cellular cholesterol or its metabolites -...
|
guest ::
