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Synthesis of Pyrazincarboxylic Acid Derivates as Potential
Sedlák, Petr ; Doležal, Martin (advisor) ; Kopecký, Kamil (referee)
Title of diploma thesis: Synthesis of pyrazincarboxylic acid derivates as potential antituberculotics Tuberculosis is a disease with about 9 million new cases every year, about 1,7 million people are dying yearly. For several decades the same antituberculotics are used for treatment, but new strains of tuberculosis are appearing and resistance is growing. The old antituberculotics become to be ineffective. There is need to be new ones researched. Review of tuberculosis therapy and modern research were presented in this thesis. Nine novel derivates of acylamine pyrazinic acid and its esters were synthesized. Novel structures were characterized by melting points, TLC, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. This set was put through in vitro biological evaluation. Log P and Clog P were also calculated and were compared with novel synthesized structures.
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Anthropological profile of children with diagnosis ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder).
Uhlířová, Jaromíra ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Zemková, Daniela (referee)
This final thesis deals with the anthropological profile of children with ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), which is one of the most common psychiatric diagnoses in childhood. Many studies have demonstrated the relationship of ADHD to differences in physical growth, mostly in terms of growth retardation and lower weight parameters. However, these differences are often associated with the use of pharmacological treatment. Some authors point to the possibility of the influence of ADHD itself. In this paper we compare the anthropometric parameters of the 40 boys with ADHD from 6.00 to 10.99 years of age who are treated with medication (methylphenidate) and 172 boys of control group. The compilation of control group for use in clinical research of ADHD was one of the objectives of the thesis. We also compared anamnestic data obtained using questionnaires. It provided information such as birth parameters, duration of breastfeeding, eating habits, amount of time spent in physical activity, or time spent watching television. The control group of healthy individuals was established to better reflect the somatic profile of recent child population and also provided the anamnestic data. Against currently used growth standards control group showed some significant differences, which could be...
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Effect inflammations of upper respiratory pathways, and whether taking hormonal contraception or tonsilectomy to the incidence of thyroid gland diseases
Dvořáková, Jana ; Sedlak, Petr (referee)
The objective of this thesis was to determine whether any causal relationship exists between thyroid gland diseases and frequent and repeated inflammations of upper respiratory pathways, and whether taking hormonal contraception or tonsilectomy undergone in an early age may exert any influence the incidence of thyroid gland diseases. In this study, anonymous answers of 364 patients at the endocrinological outpatient department with various durations of thyreopathy treatment were collected. A questionnaire with open and closed questions was used as the form of the study, and the questionnaire was completed during personal interviews. Common medical division of thyroid gland diseases was respected when processing the results, i.e. division to euthyreosis, inflammation, hypothyreosis, hyperthyreosis, tumour, and surgery in the past. In general population, 17.8 % of persons older than 15 years of age suffer from diseases of upper respiratory pathways. 35.7 % of the questioned patients reported that they repeatedly suffered from diseases of upper respiratory pathways. It is thus apparent that those suffering from a thyroid gland disorder show a double rate of any disease of upper respiratory pathways than those showing relative health. Preliminary results of the survey suggest a significant influence of...
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Pyrazine derivatives as potential drugs I
Sedlák, Petr ; Doležal, Martin (advisor) ; Miletín, Miroslav (referee)
Title of diploma thesis: Pyrazine derivates as potential drugs I. Review of tuberculosis therapy and modern research were presented in this diploma thesis. Novel pyrazine derivates connected via CO-NH-NH- bridge with substituted phenyl derivates were synthesized. Novel structures were characterized by melting points, TLC, IR, 1H and 13C NMR. This set was put through in vitro biological evaluation. Log P and Clog P were also calculated and were compared with novel synthesized structures.
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Relation of fruitfulness in reduction therapy of child obesity at samplet genetics polymophisms
Janoudová, Veronika ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Daňková, Pavlína (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to analyze the relationship of polymorphisms Ala54Thr FABP2 (protein binding long chain fatty acids in the enterocytes of the small intestine), Gln27Glu B2AR (lipolytic receptor in white adipose tissue) and A-3826G UCP1 (uncoupling protein in the inner membrane of mitochondria in brown adipose tissue) to pursued antropometric and biochemical markers and judge their impact on the success of reducing therapy on children. Association of observed polymorphisms with obesity has already been proven in other studies, the results are inconsistent and most studies have dealt with adults. The study includes of 335 individuals (216 girls and 119 boys) who completed a reduction stay in the Children's hospital of Dr. Filip in Poděbrady. The subjects were studied for anthropometric and biochemical markers at the beginning and at the end of reduction stay. Genetic analysis of polymorphisms were performed with use of PCR-RFLP. Girls Thr/Thr in polymorphism Ala54Thr FABP2 were showing greater thickness of skin fold on abdomen (p=0,009) and higher fat percentage in body composition (p=0,023). Significantly greater reductionof both these markers have been demonstrated (p=0.008, p=0.040). For boys the relationship was observed of homozygote Ala/Ala in a lower weight reduction (p=0,040). In...
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Association between body composition and motor performance in pre-school children
Ondřejíková, Leona ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Hana (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to prove a connection between body composition and motor performance in preschool children. The results of a motor performance analysis applied to calendar age only showed a statistically significant difference in some of the tests. Latent obese, overweight and obese children did not score demonstrably worse test results than their normosthenic peers. It is known, that body fat can speed up the process of the biological development of the organism, and therefore alter the height age. That raises a question, whether children, whose fat tissue is increased, could have their height age accelerated in comparison to their calendar age. After the motor tests results were adjusted to height age, they showed more practical significant differences in motor performance among the different groups. The results of children with increased fat tissue showed that after the adjustment to height age was made the children's motor performance got worse than what their motor performance was prior to the adjustment. Key words: increased body fat, preschool age, height age, motor performance, fundamental motor skills
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Study of somatic traits of linear proporcionality in boys at the age of 11 to 14 years.
Němcová, Kateřina ; Sedlak, Petr (advisor) ; Zemková, Daniela (referee)
This study brings the information on linear body proportionality of pubescent boys. The body linear proportionality was validated by using the SD scores gained from the measured data and by validating the individual proportionality with help of natural Percal indices. Each child was considered according to his biological maturity by using KEI index. For rating of the growth of individual and his proportionality, the compliance of KEI index and the difference of height and chronological age were validated. The considering of those biological trends made it possible to separate the individuals with possible physiological variant of normal growth from the individuals with suspective growth pathology. The set included 346 boys in the age of 10-14 years, after replacing of disproportional individuals from the study. For evaluation of changes in the linear body proportionality the linear somatic markers with high degree of accuracy and reliability of measurement were chosen and the descriptional statistics were set to these parameters and to their indices. Comparing with reference sets the changes in proportional relations in year and half-year cathegories were described. Descriptive statistics of subischial length to sitting height index and arm span to body height index are not part of the referencial standard...
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