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Old-age welfare and the pension reform
Chmelíková, Kateřina ; Vysokajová, Margerita (referee) ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor)
The topic of pension systems and its reforms is a very actual problem in many countries. The main aspect, but not the only reason, is the "negative" change in the age structure of the population. According to many demographic researches, the population all over the world is getting older very fast. The obligation of the state to secure people in an old age has increased. Ageing brings many negative aspects connected, not only with a worse financial situation but also with social and health difficulties. The ageing in our societies influences labour markets, political and societal structures and also pension and health systems. There is a big need to find new approaches and solutions from governments in different countries. The aim of my thesis is to describe the social security of old people and the pension reform, not only in the Czech Republic, but also in other European countries, to analyze and compare them. This thesis is divided in two sections. The first one discusses the social security system and pension reform in the Czech Republic. The second part concentrates on three other European countries on which I presented how successfully was their government able to deal with such a difficult issue as the pension system is. Also, the purpose of this paper is to show new ways and strategies which could...
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Legal regulation of pension insurance in the Czech Republic and the Polish Republic
Mitrega, Jan ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor) ; Vysokajová, Margerita (referee)
Legal regulation of pension insurance in the Czech Republic and the Polish The goal of this diploma theses is to point out the legal regulation of pension insurance in the Czech republic and the Republic of Poland putting emphasis on regulation of different types of pension. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter analyzes the historical evolution of pensions and the pension insurance. It comprises three periods. The first period ends at the time of the World War I., the second one lasts until the end of the forties of the 20th century and the last one ends in the late 20th century. This chapter outlines the history evolution separately for both of the states. The second chapter is a base of this paper. It examines contemporary legal regulation of pension insurance in the Czech republic. At the beginning of the chapter, there are explained fundamental principles of the Czech pension insurance system and also essential terms. The following part of the second chapter explores legal regulation of allowances including old-age pension, invalidity pension, widow's and widower's pension and orphan's annuity. In the connection with every single mentioned matter, it puts emphasis on the following: the conditions under which a claim to a pension can be acquired, modified or extincted and the...
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The legal regulation of social security in Czechoslovakia before WWII and its legacy for the present time
Kvočáková, Lucia ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor) ; Vysokajová, Margerita (referee)
Social security legislation in times of first Czechoslovak republic and its contribution for the present time The object of this diploma thesis is to inform the reader about development of social legislation in time of the first Czechoslovak Republic and present author's views on contribution of this legislation to present time. The first Czechoslovak Republic was founded after First World War at October 28th 1918. The legislation of this republic was taken from Austria - Hungary monarchy and so was the social legislation. Part of these laws was taken over and then was amended and the other part was newly created but based on previous legislation. According to this fact the very beginning of the thesis discusses social security and organizational structure of social administration in Austria - Hungary, which began to form in the late 19th century. The next chapter deals with laws govern unemployment benefits. After the establishment of the Czechoslovak republic there was the unemployment benefits direct from the state, but in 1925 different law came into force. It was insurance system well known as ghent system. This system meant that unemployment benefits were provided by trade unions only to their unemployed members and in accordance with law state provided financial contributions to these unemployment...
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A comparison of the social system of the EU and the USA
Holá, Daniela ; Zemanová, Jana (advisor) ; Vysokajová, Margerita (referee)
English summary The purpose of my thesis is to analyze the basic principles of a welfare state and compare two big social regions - EU and USA, which are based on diametrically divergent set of values and years of historical evolution. The field to be examined is extremely complex and impossible to embrace within the range of a paper which is supposed to consist of 50 pages. Therefore, the main focus lies in exploration of the significant distinctive features which make EU and USA in regards of social policy so incompatible. The reason for the choice of this topic is mainly personal and influenced by three factors. First was my one year study stay within the LLP Erasmus exchange programme in Sweden, which is considered to be one of the "godfathers" of the welfare state. Second reason was a visit to the USA, where my sister's family lives and needs to cope with certain aspects of social difficulty, which seems to be from the standpoint of wealthy European citizen at least challenging. Third drive which moved me to this topic, was the book of Charles Murray Losing Ground which I came across some years ago. It describes the social policy in USA in the period 1950 - 1980 and analyses certain failures of American "too good" social policy in terms of production of poverty instead of curing it. The introduction of...
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The social state - historical and theoretical backgrounds
Paclt, Petr ; Koldinská, Kristina (advisor) ; Zemanová, Jana (referee)
55 English resumé : Social welfare state - historical and theoretical origins The name of this work in English is a bit misleading because Czech language has no perfect and widely acceptable equivalent for the English term "welfare state". The work is focused mainly on legal aspects of a social welfare state and its historical and theoretical origins in tle area of the nowadays Czech republic. In tle first part I attempted to chart the works of great Czech social thinkers, representatives of so called Czech social school. Works by Albín Gráf, T.G. Masaryk And especially Karel Engliš established the basics of social doctrine of so called first republic. Works of these thinkers were followed by other representatives of czech social school Lev Winter, Emil Schönbaum, Alois Rašín and others, who were the implementers of this doctrine. Czech social school created for that time very modern social legislation, which brought the new state esteem and respect of the whole world. It was especially about the act number 221/1924 about the insurance of employees in case of illness, invalidity and old age. This act meant fundamental historical turn. It was for the first time in Europe, when social insurance was so expressively integrated in one rule. Very remarkable fact is, that the whole social infrastructure of the...
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