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Liberal Democracy and Chinese Political Culture: American Perspectives and Perceptions
Hornát, Jan ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
In the case of China, a rising great power, the question of adopting a democratic political system is not just a domestic issue, but has much broader implications for China's relations with the outside world, especially the United States. Whether Washington and Beijing continue to cohabitate without major conflict will depend in large part on the specific form of the regime that evolves in China and on the American perception of this regime. The research hypothesis of this paper proposes that in the event of a democratic transition, China will not adopt a liberal democracy, but a variation of democracy that will include meritocratic and communitarian aspects, due to the strong role of Confucian ethics and morals in influencing Chinese political culture. In an extreme case, China's "non- liberal" democracy may be perceived by the United States as a wholly undemocratic regime and hence, the presumed benign effects of democracy on state-to-state relations, such as "democratic peace", will become void. Yet, if China adopts a "non-liberal" democratic government that primarily strives to ensure "good governance" and if the United States is prepared to accept China as a "non- liberal" democracy, mutually beneficial and peaceful relations can be maintained. The first part of the paper focuses on defining...
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2012 Presidential Elections and Hispanic Voters
Paulíková, Veronika ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
Issue of this bachelor thesis is the way how the presidential candidates Barack Obama and Mitt Romeny have focused in their campaigns on hispanci voters in presidential elections 2012. The target of this work is to analyse a strategy of Obama's and Romney's campaign towards Hispanic voters. In this analysis will be reviewed candidates' attitudes, concepts and plans to themes, which were key for Hispanic voters. Next issue of this work will be advertisements in Spanish and visitations of states with Hispanic population. This work also analyses reflection of this campaigns and particular means on voting of Hispanic voters in 2012 elections. Based on accessible web articles, statistics, election polls, and secondary literature was analysed the strategy of Obama's and Romney's election campaign towards the hispanic voters. Weighing up of this election campaigns was added by analysis of Hispanic voting in 2012 elections.
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Barack Obama's Efforts to Reduce the Influence of Lobbyists and Interests Groups on Federal Government
Kršková, Martina ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
Bachelor thesis Barack Obama's Efforts to Reduce the Influence of Lobbyists and Interests Groups on Federal Government deals with Barack Obama efforts to reduce the influence of lobbyists and interests groups in regards with federal government rulings. First of all it explains that lobbying is protected by the First Amendment of the US Constitution which implies freedom of speech. Although lobbying has been regulated ever since the 19th century, the first important federal law was not enacted until 1945 when Federal Regulation of Lobbying Act came into force. The main part of the thesis concentrates on the person of Barack Obama and his actions and initiatives concerning federal lobbying regulations. During his term in US Senate was Obama leading person in promoting the Honest Leadership and Open Government Act of 2007. After that, on his first day as a president Obama signed First Executive Order which was supposed to close revolving door between the government and the private sector. In the last part, it analysis problematic parts of reform and gives possible solutions.
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Political Correctness and the Attempt at Social Transformation on the Example of Race: Success or Mistake?
Hořavová, Tatiana ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Toth, Gyorgy (referee)
The phenomenon of political correctness is a fairly complicated phenomenon which creates a lot of controversy and draws a lot of attention. Despite the fact that political correctness was in the United States discussed mainly in the 1980s and 1990s, it does not mean the topic of political correctness is already out of public life. The author asks why political correctness is criticized, focusing on the question of education and through literature research - both secondary nad primary - comes to the conclusion that it is mainly due to unintended consequences of the phenomenon, chiefly through limitations imposed on the freedom of speech - either real or perceived, and also generally having a chilling effect on public discourse or lack of tolerance towards dissent. At the same time, cultural polarization of American society manifests itself quite strongly in the debate about universities. The polarization keeps the debate in a stalemate as neither side of the debate - liberal or conservative - seems to be willing to reconsider its position.
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Gender and the 2008 Democratic Presidential Primaries: The Case of Hillary Rodham Clinton
Ondrušková, Andrea ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
The thesis is a case study of the Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign and the role that gender played in the 2008 Democratic primaries. The aim of the work is to demonstrate that gender played a significant role and functioned as a discriminatory factor. The research is based on the analysis of secondary and in lesser extent also primary sources. The thesis is divided into four chapters. Chapter one briefly describes the situation of women in American politics and the political climate prior to Clinton's candidacy. This part includes also a short but comprehensive summary of the most common types of gender prejudice and specific challenges that female candidates encounter when entering American high politics. Chapter two studies the phenomenon of Hillary Clinton as the most polarizing woman on the American political scene and explains how gender prejudice and traditional gender stereotypes contributed to the formation of this image. Chapter three analyses Clinton's gender strategy during the campaign and shows how she was able to cope with challenges which for her as a woman arose out of the masculine conception of presidency and how she presented her own gender. The last fourth chapter shows how the American media perceived gender. It demonstrates that the media produced often and quite...
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"Special Relationship" between the United States and the United Kingdom and its Importance in the Context of War on Terror
Šohájková, Barbora ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The 'special relationship' between the United States and the United Kingdom has existed since the beginning of the 1940s. During the Second World War, a strong alliance emerged that was based on a defense policy against a common enemy and a shared value principle. Throughout the Cold War, the special relationship evolved from a weakening of mutual relations in 1960s and 1970s to a renewed rapprochement in 1980s, mainly because of the shared opinions of the U.S. President Ronald Reagan and British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. After the geopolitical changes in 1989 a debate developed over the future of their special relationship. The question was whether (or in what form) the transatlantic alliance will continue to remain. The 9/11 terrorist attacks upon the United States gave the answer to this question and provided the impetus for renewed mutual British-American relations. Immediately after the attacks, the United Kingdom expressed its full support for the US-led fight against terrorism and followed the United States first into Afghanistan and later into Iraq. However, both President George W. Bush and Prime Minister Tony Blair were strongly criticized that their war engagement, particularly in relation to the war in Iraq, had been unlawful and was based on false evidence supporting the...
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Pakistan: Key Factor for American Involvement in Afghanistan (during presidency of George W. Bush)
Snášel, Filip ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Anděl, Petr (referee)
American relations with Pakistan went through various ups and downs from being allied during the Cold war to imposing sanctions in last decade of the twentieth century. After 9/11 attack on World Trade Center and Pentagon Pakistan quickly joined the United States in the War on Terror. In my thesis I analyze positions and influence of Pakistan during invasion to Afghanistan. and seven next years of the Operation Enduging Freedom during George W. Bush administration. At first I concentrate on historical experience of Pakistan and development in the area before american invasion to Afghanistan. I also surveying terrorist movements on Pakistani soil, which are important for later development and are connected to Pakistani secret service ISI. ISI tried some years after 2001 to maintain friendly relations with Taliban and other terrorist groups along Afghan - Pakistan border, but terrorists, basically anti-system movements, wanted to establish in Pakistan and Afghanistan states constituted as Islamic emirates. President Musharraf under pressure of forthcoming events and the United States understood that supporting Taliban is no longer sustainable policy and decided to act against terrorist groups home in Pakistan. This move however triggered suicide bombings and massive uprising which hit in 2006/2007...
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Portrayal of Native Americans in American Cinema in 1980s and 1990s
Vodňanský, Martin ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Raková, Svatava (referee)
My work deals with the process of displaying of the North American Indian in the American cinematography. It describes the development, transformations and stereotypes in this process from the very beginning until the end of the nineties. In detail it deals with the Indian-thematized filmmaking in the 80s and 90s and it emphasizes, according to the author, the most important Indian movies. The focus point of the study lies in the analysis of two movies Powwow Highway and Smoke Signals, which were created by the Indian production in the late 80s and 90s. The aim of the work is, with the help of the analysis, to answer the question "Were the Indian actors and directors essential for more realistic portrayal of American Indians in American cinematography?" After analyzing the mentioned movies and presenting the arguments to this question, the conclusion is affirmative.
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Internet Freedom as a Tool of U.S. Foreign Policy in Relation to the Arab Spring
Tělupil, Vojtěch ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Rezek, Tomáš (referee)
Abstract1 Internet Freedom as a Tool of U. S. Foreign Policy in Relation to the Arab Spring analyzes political speeches of Hillary Clinton concerning "Internet Freedom" policy. I try to find out if there is some evidence supporting criticism about this issue using Critical Diskourse Analysis. As a result of this I have discovered that Clinton's approach is very weak primarily in transparency and regulation issues. I claim that the purpose of "Internet Freedom" is not to break the balance of power in the Middle East and cannot be seen as an extension of the traditional human rights. Keywords Internet freedom, U. S. foreign policy, Arab spring, Critical Discourse Analysis, political speech, H. Clinton 1 TĚLUPIL, Vojtěch. Svoboda internetu jako nástroj americké zahraniční politiky vůči arabskému jaru. Praha, 2012. 35 s. Bakalářská práce (Bc.) Univerzita Karlova, Fakulta sociálních věd, Institut mezinárodních studií. Vedoucí diplomové práce Mgr. Jana Sehnálková
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Economic Development of Hong Kong in the Context of Its Special Position in the Sino-British Relations between 1949-1978
Malaniuk, Bohdan ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses the economic development of Hong Kong in the context of its unique position between Britain and China between 1949 and 1978 that means in the time of maoist anti- Western approach in China. It tries to identify the particular economic bonds between Hong Kong and Britain sand then between Hong Kong and China. It binds these linkages with the international political situation of that time. In the end I try to evaluate the influence of the existing bonds with Britain and China on the economic development of the colony. The thesis is divided into four main chapters with partial subchapters. The first chapter focuses on the development of the international political environment of the period - that means in particular the evolution of the Sino-British relations and the role the issue of Hong Kong played in them. The second chapter describes generally the economic development of the colony and identifies particular factors that determined it. Next two chapters offer a closer look on those factors that had its origin in the existence of the specific economic bonds between Hong Kong and the two mentioned countries. These specific bonds are analysed in the context of their emergence and after that their influence on the general form of the economic development of Hong Kong. In...
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