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Comparative Analysis of Private Security Companies in the Czech Republic and Slovakia 1993-2012
Doskočilová, Veronika ; Bureš, Oldřich (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis practically and theoretically deals with the concept - privatization of security. The aim of the practical part is to compare the conception of private security companies in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The comparison focuses on the factual data (number of PSC, employees, police forces, the amount of wages, the turnover), state regulation and mutual relation of public and private security providers. The findings of the practical part are applied to the theoretical concept of Rita Abrahamsen and Michael Williams - Theory of Security Assemblages. It is based on the claim that the privatization of security is part of a broader process of partial dismantling of the state and at the same time emerging "global assembly, which brings together national and global structures. The privatization of security is enshrined in both the social and the legal environment, and therefore the state itself can participate on its own dismantling by its acting. This is the case of the Czech Republic due to the absence of PSC's regulation, control mechanisms, minimum requirements for skilled employees PSC and the non-definition of the relationship between public and private security sector. It results in weakening the role of the Czech Republic as a guarantor of security. The aforementioned inaction...
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Why do States build Nuclear Weapons? Application of Sagan's Theoretical Models on the Case of Israel
Čermáková, Kamila ; Hynek, Nikola (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the historical development of the Israeli nuclear program and examines motives which led either to the decision to acquire nuclear weapons or to further develop Israeli nuclear arsenal. Indentified motives are compared with the theory by Scott Sagan who proposed three 'models in search of the bomb'. Security Model sees the effect of nuclear weapons on state security as the motivation, the Domestic Politics Model considers nuclear weapons to be a tool for gaining political profit and the Norms Model emphasizes their symbolic value. My proposition is that other than abovementioned motives, or more motives from different models might be found. Such a result would pose a challenge to Sagan's theory, and could be used a basis for further research. To define independent variables, which are the motives in my case, the method of process tracing is used. I identify critical moments which led to changes in the direction of the program, and define motives on their basis. In the thesis, I further deal with the policy of strategic ambiguity, which consists in complete non-acknowledgement of Israel's nuclear status and enabled Israel to reduce negative effects of the region's nuclearization.
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What is the impact of reform changes in resources and powers over the years 2005-2011on the efficiency of the Police of the Czech Republic ?
Měska, Pavel ; Ludvík, Jan (advisor) ; Krulík, Oldřich (referee)
This diploma thesis explores the efficiency of the Czech police in 2005-2012 to evaluate the impact of the reform changes that took place from 2007 to 2009. The aim is to answer to the question, whether the Police of the Czech Republic, is working more efficiently after this reform. The research method was inspired by the concept of efficiency in the organization by Skogan. The study was conducted by comparing the inputs and outputs of the organization when inputs were identified as sources and changes in legislation and outputs as detection rate of six types of crime. Identification of the reform changes and their impact was conducted on the basis of qualitative research among police officers. Data were collected during eleven semi-structured expert interviews with police officers. These interviews approached important reform changes. The research took into account the respondents' individual opinions about the reform changes and most important changes which affect policing were identified. Using the aforementioned method it reveals that in general police works more effectively after reform. However, the research also shows that detection rate of economic crime, crime related to traffic accidents and other crime had slight downward trend for the period after the reform. In absolute numbers, the...
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Position of Airpower in Contemporary Strategy
Černý, Tomáš ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the current role of airpower in contemporary warfare. In last 100 years, the aircraft became an indisputable part of today's armed conflict. The aim of this work is to determine the mechanics behind airpower's functions in conflicts and to critically assess airpower's performance. The analyzed conflicts - Persian Gulf 1991, Kosovo 1999, Afghanistan 2001 and U. S.-led counterinsurgency campaigns in Iraq and Afghanistan - provide the diversity that is needed to reveal the position of airpower in contemporary strategy. The thesis is divided in three parts. The first part follows the evolution of airpower and its theory, providing context to further analysis of contemporary environment. The second part of the thesis identifies key theoretical concepts and modalities connected to airpower and analysis them on a general, theoretical basis. The third part of this thesis applies the concepts and modalities on the picked case studies in order to reach the suggested objectives by analyzing the conflicts and deriving empirical data. The conclusions of the thesis suggest that while slightly exaggerated, airpower grew to vital importance and became one of the key elements in today's conflicts.
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The robotization of US armed forces between the years 2000-2011 and its perspectives untill 2020
Kudrec, Martin ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This thesis analyzes the development of US armed forces robotization in the last decade as well as its perspectives in the current one. It analyzes the dynamics and main trends as well as quantitative and qualititive direction of this development. This analysis is based on and makes use of conceptual and notational framework of post-structural virtual theory of security proposed by Der Derian. The first part of the thesis provides theoretical and conceptual background and introduces the topic. It also deals with basic technological trends which influence the later update operationalization of the technologically-based theoretical framework and time framework of the thesis itself. The second part of the thesis addresses the very analysis of the US armed forces robotization based on the first part. The main aim of the thesis is to point out the development dynamics of the US armed forces robotization as a trend, as the thesis begins with the analyzing of the implementation of the first modern partially semi-autonomous robots in american equipment and ends with the analysis of plans for massive introduction of highly-autonomous, self-learning robotic systems and systems of systems with partial social, "ethical" and "moral" parameters. The last section of the thesis also addresses the basic security and...
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Rupture of the Security Policy of France under the Leadership of Nicolas Sarkozy? Comparative Analysis of Participation in Conflicts with the EU and NATO Presence
Zachar, Marián ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
Bachelor thesis Rupture of the Security Policy of France under the Leadership of Nicolas Sarkozy? Comparative Analysis of Participation in Conflicts with the EU and NATO Presence Marián Zachar Abstract Bachelor thesis "Rupture of the Security Policy of France under the Leadership of Nicolas Sarkozy? Comparative Analysis of Participation in Conflicts with the EU and NATO Presence" evaluates whether the arrival of President Nicolas Sarkozy marked the break or the so called rupture in the French security policy. The first chapter focuses on the historical background of the French foreign and security policy, especially during the presidency of Jacques Chirac and Nicolas Sarkozy. Their priorities identified in the Defense White Papers and their institutional relations within the EU and NATO were further developed in the following chapters, where approach of both presidents to missions led by NATO and the EU was analyzed. The second chapter consists of the analysis of the Artemis mission in Congo and EUFOR in Chad. Both presidents were involved in these missions them and tried to push the defense cooperation at European level to the next stage, but each one for different reasons - Chirac wanted to balance the influence of NATO in Europe and Sarkozy wanted to embrace both international organizations to improve...
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Discourse, practice and construction of national interest: study of the U.S. security policy continuity
Ludvík, Jan ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The following study has been deeply inspired by growing bulk of postmodern scholarship. The basic logic behind this study comprises of the assumption that the fundamental structures of international politics are social constructs constituted in the processes and practices of dealing with them. Ultimately the text below offers problematization of several concepts of the American security policy believes that are usually more or less taken for granted. Working within this notion, common knowledge must be understood as the problem itself. Meanings we ascribe to various terms are in fact product of previous experiences, shared believes, and culturally contingent images that has been constituted through various practices in dealing with them. The following study thus further elaborates the concept of the national interests and of the relation between national interests and threats
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Compensational exercises in the prevention and therapy of the locomotive system in the area of martial art
Ludvík, Jan ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee) ; Hošková, Blanka (advisor)
This bachelor work deals with functional disorders of the locomotory system in people devoted to martial arts as well as the utilization of compensatory exercising to the possibility of prevention and therapy. Movement therapy in this case is represented exclusively by appropriate selection of compensatory exercises. Provided that it is being performed correctly and regularly, this exercises may have a great positive importance in the therapeutic process, whether healing or preventive. The compensatory exercising stems from kinesiotherapy. Kinesiotherapy holds the priority position in the treatment of disorders and diseases of the locomotory system. Its main task is the restoration of the motion function - mainly muscular, which has the most important status in the locomotory system of humans - and the elimination of defective locomotory stereotypes. An exact and objective diagnosis is the most important condition for the successful application of the kinesiotherapy. In addressing muscular imbalance, the procedure focuses on the stretch of shortened postural muscles and strengthening of weakened phasic muscles. The hypermobility requires special therapy. Relaxation exercising can relax painful stiff motion segments.
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NATO and WMD: Evolution of the threat construction and Alliance's response
Hrdinová, Lucie ; Rychnovská, Dagmar (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This Diploma Thesis called "NATO and WMD: Evolution of the threat construction and Alliance's response" deals with the evolution of understanding of Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) within the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). WMD, especially the nuclear ones, have preoccupied NATO since its establishment. However, it was only after the end of the Cold War that NATO started to focus on WMD as a specific overarching category, consisting of chemical, biological and nuclear (since 9/11 also radiological) weapons. Despite the conspicuousness of the concept and increased use of the WMD term, the definition of weapons of mass destruction is not clear-cut. However, the way the actors understand WMD is very important. For this reason, NATO's official discourse is studied as an indicator of how is WMD understood in the Alliance, which will allow to fulfill objectives of this thesis. First, the work intends to analyze how has the WMD threat been constructed and interpreted within the Alliance since the year 1991 until this day. Secondly, this thesis aims to find out what is NATO's response to the dangers posed by the identified WMD threats (i.e. proliferation and terrorism) and identify the concrete measures the Allies undertook to tackle the evolving WMD threat. This thesis is based on...
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A construction of human trafficking in the Czech Republic
Černá, Steffi ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Ludvík, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the construction of human trafficking in the Czech Republic. It presumes that human trafficking is not an objective problem that can be accurately quantified and described, but that there are discourse types which are used by actors to frame the topic. I have identified four discourse types: human trafficking as organized crime, human trafficking as migration, human trafficking as prostitution and human trafficking as forced labour. The main actors in this field use the various types of securitization to present the theme of human trafficking. I also use the securitization approach described by Claudia Aradau, like is politics of pity and politics of risk. This thesis asks questions, who are the main actors in this securitization process and how do they create it and which discourse topics do they use. The construction of human trafficking is examined by discursive analysis. The most important source of information is the official documents of the main actors and their interaction that frames the topic. Interesting is also clash between discourse and practice, which comes out of different discursive types. The last chapter asks whether the desecuritization would not be good way to follow.
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