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Analysis of saccadic eye movements during students' graph interpretation
Klosse, Patricie ; Kekule, Martina (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
Cílem této práce je analýza sakádických pohybů při řešení fyzikálních úloh s grafy. Analyzovali jsme data z řešení 6 úloh 23 účastníky. Ze směrů sakád u jednotlivých úloh jsme vytvořili histogramy, a v nichž jsme srovnali špatně a správně řešící. Také jsme zkoumali průměrnou délku sakád a zda, popřípadě kolikrát se pohled vrátí do stejného místa bezprostředně po jeho opuštění. Porovnávali jsme sakády správně a špatně řešících účastníků. Zjistili jsme, že výsledky velmi závisí na konkrétní úloze. Vzhledem k výsled- kům a malému vzorku účastníků není možné potvrdit souvislost mezi vlastnostmi sakád a správností řešení úlohy. 1
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Bohr Model of Atom
Hřebík, Lukáš ; Koupilová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
Title: Bohr Model of Atom Author: Lukáš Hřebík Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: RNDr. Zdeňka Koupilová, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: This bachelor thesis focuses on the Bohr model of atom from 1913. In addition to this model, the models that preceded it, especially the Thomson model and the Rutherford model, are also briefly discussed. In the case of the Rutherford model, the stability calculation of the atom thus described is given. There are the original derivations from historical articles that will help readers understand the development of the Bohr model. The whole thesis is set in a physical-historical context. Both the physical phenomena that this model helped to clarify and those that it could not explain are mentioned here. The aim of the work is to acquaint the reader with the overall "life" of the Bohr model, from its inception through its development to its abandonment. Keywords: model of atoms, Bohr model of atom, study text
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Experimental sets for teaching physics of microworld on secondary school level
Popek, Tomáš ; Koupilová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
The focus of this thesis was to find and evaluate the information resources available to teachers, in the context of creating or conducting demonstrational and student experiments in the Physics of the Microworld at high school. Another goal of the thesis was the creation of four sets of aids for experiments from various areas of microworld physics taught at the high school level. These sets contain instructions for teachers and worksheets for pupils. Another goal was to make the sets portable, which all four met. Part of this work is a description of the created experimental sets, worksheets for pupils and texts for teachers. The experimental sets will be stored on the premises of the Department of Physics Education and will be available for loan to teachers for teaching purposes.
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Experiments supporting the teaching of thermodynamics at high school level
Kácovský, Petr ; Drozd, Zdeněk (advisor)
Title: Experiments supporting the teaching of thermodynamics at high school level Author: Petr Kácovský Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Zdeněk Drozd, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: This doctoral thesis is aimed at chosen aspects of teaching of thermodynamics on high school. The thesis can be divided into two main parts: The research part deals with investigation of typical students' conceptual difficulties in the field of thermal phenomena and its primary goal is to identify the most distinctive misconceptions of observed population. More than 500 students were questioned using a conceptual test both as pretest and posttest; approximately half of them also participated in the retention test which took part two years after pretest. The results of the conceptual test are connected with data obtained on the basis of the simultaneously conducted research of students' attitudes. The developmental part of the thesis - partly inspired by previous misconception research - deals with arranging, documentation and testing of experiments relevant to teaching of thermodynamics. In total, 46 experiments were arranged, students-tested and published in the electronic Collection of Physics Experiments. These experiments are primarily intended for teachers as inspiration...
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Teaching-learning activities from thermal physics at different school levels
Kopřiva, Tomáš ; Koudelková, Věra (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
Title: Teaching-learning activities from thermal physics at different school levels Author: Tomáš Kopřiva Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: RNDr. Věra Koudelková, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: This bachelor thesis focuses on demonstrating how the pupils' understanding of concepts from thermal physics develops over their studies at primary schools and secondary schools at three levels. Laboratory work materials for pupils are also available for each concept and experiments are demonstrated on videos. Keywords: thermal physics, experiments, Framework Educational Programmes
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Different levels of inquiry in physics experiments
Fürstová, Tereza ; Kácovský, Petr (advisor) ; Koudelková, Věra (referee)
The thesis is focused on four levels of the Inquiry-Based Science Education (IBSE). The first chapter describes IBSE in detail and also highlights the studies focused on the efficiency of IBSE. Pendulum and hydrostatic pressure experiments worksheets were created on the four levels of IBSE. A questionnaire reflecting some aspects of students' personalities were created and students were split into groups according to their answers. Another questionnaire about experiments and understanding of the physical phenomena was created. The central theme of this thesis focuses on the students' activities while they were working on the created worksheets. First year students from high school experimented following the created worksheets and they were recorded on the video during their work. We used codes to describe and differentiate the activities in the videos and we studied their distribution afterwards. From the recordings we then obtained information about the students' activities during experimentation at different levels of IBSE.
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Classroom optics-related activities
Štyksová, Gabriela ; Kácovský, Petr (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Irena (referee)
Title: Classroom optics-related activities Author: Gabriela Štyksová Department: Department of Physics Education Supervisor: RNDr. Petr Kácovský, Ph.D., Department of Physics Education Abstract: The main aim of this bachalor thesis was to create several worksheets with various optics experiments for teaching optics, that would be especially usable at primary schools. These worksheets were created for pupils as well as teachers, and involve group work. The work contains of 12 worksheets on six topics: straightforward propagation of light, image formation in a plane mirror, colors of objects, color folding, refraction of light and light scattering. All worksheets have been checked by experienced teachers and most of them have also been tested in real lessons. Therefore the teachers' versions of worksheets could be supplemented with methodological and technical notes in order to help future users prepare and use them. Part of the thesis is also an overview of selected materials that contain optics experiments and a chapter devoted to two ways mobile phones can be used in optics. Keywords: optics experiments, worksheets, pupils' group work
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Alternating current circuits in physics education
Cinkraut, Kamil ; Žilavý, Peter (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
The aim of the paper is to define and explain terms of phasor and phasor diagram for students of secondary education level in the Czech republic. It is providing a link between the theoretical foundation of the terms in the mathematics based textbooks available on the market and its establishement and practical use in the teaching process. The purpose of the thesis is to explain the problematic of phasor and phasor diagram in the elecrtic load with the alternating current power supply, which consists of rezistor (R), inductor (L) and capacitor (C). In the second part of the paper, the problematic of the complex numbers and its use is described. In this part, the solution of series or parallel RLC circuit is found by the use of phasor diagram or complex numbers. The paper is furthermore providing reader with problems with solution, which serve as an example for the teaching purposes. The paper is providing the reader with a combination of the theoretical foundation of phasor and phasor diagram with their practical use and application, in order to enable a coherent and understandable explanation of the terms.
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Ice hockey in physics tuition
Adámek, Libor ; Drozd, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kácovský, Petr (referee)
1 This thesis is connection between physics and well known sport, ice hockey. It also contains findings and examples, which can be used in physics teaching in primary and secondary schools. The thesis gathers several theories, that describe why is ice slippery on its surface and tries to point out and comment a long term misconception of pressure melting and gives arguments to disprove it aswell. Another part contains hockey game situations, serving as great practical examples of physics and aims to bring them to physics lessons, because of their attractiveness for sudents.
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