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Agricultural and Social Life of the Collegiate Chapter of Stará Boleslav in the Fifties and Sixties of the 17th Century
Kratochvíl, Miroslav ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Zdichynec, Jan (referee)
The thesis analyses the agricultural and social life of the collegiate chapter of Stará Boleslav in the fifties and sixties of the 17th century. The core of the thesis focused on researching of the agricultural and social situation of the chapter of Stará Boleslav in the fifties and sixties of the 17th century follows after a brief outline of the chapter's history and its position within the context of the medieval and early modern development. The topic is mainly studied on the basis of unpublished sources (a list of the most important ones is presented below), also considering secondary literature, and it is placed into a broader context of the situation in Bohemia after the Thirty Years War. 1
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The economic policy of three generations of the family of the Lord of Pernstein during 16th century
Síč, Jan ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Zdichynec, Jan (referee)
Economy of three generations of aristocrats from Pernstejn during the 16th century In my work I focus on the management of aristocrats from Pernstejn during the 16th century. On an example of three generations I am trying to show traditional forms of noble business, as well as new attempts for financial gain. I built my work on the data from sixteen urbary of Pernstejn manors reflecting the view of major aristocratic family on their own proactive approach to economic events in estates. Throughout the study I cover the history of aristocrats from Pernstejn from the beginnings to the end of the 16th century. Further I focus on the traditional forms of feudal profits also via more modern ways that started to be used during late medieval and early modern period. After that I describe the urbary and development of their studies. Furthermore, using an extant urbary I describe the economic situation in eight Pernstejn estates. In the final apendix I record all locations that are monitored in the urbary. Overall, I summarize the estates as outdated and not very profitable. According to me the self-interest of Pernstejn family in this area is minimal. Both facts led to financial bankruptcy of the family that during a certain period belonged to a political and property elite of the early modern Czech aristocracy. Key...
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Anti-monachism in the Bohemian society in the epoch of enlightenment
Hasan, Petr ; Tinková, Daniela (advisor) ; Zdichynec, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis Anti-Monachism in the Bohemian Society in the Epoch of Enlightenment deals with reforms by Josef II., in particular with the abolishment of monasteries from view of the then documents appeared in support of the reforms in progress. The author selects some significant themes handled by the reform devotees. The main theme is the criterion of the men's nature. The related themes include: monks' asceticism, celibacy, monasteries as the quintessence of the baroque devoteness, and mendicant orders. In the context of their criticism, the authors of the texts in question refer to the epoch of early Christendom and to the emergence of the first monasteries. Therefore also the author of this diploma thesis pays attention to this historical period as well as to the contents of the anti-monarchistic texts. Key words: Anti-monarchismus - History of Christendom - Enlightenment - Men's Nature - Asceticism
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Unutilized opportunity. To missing prerequisite for start witch-craze in criminal law of town Solnice. Conditions of trials and why did not take place
Kobrlová, Zuzana ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Zdichynec, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis concerns the issue of witchcraft and its persecution for being one of the greatest offences to Christianity majesty. The introduction is conceived generally and my primary aim was to identify the origin of the witchcraft myth and its ideological sources - the works of the Christian provenance which kept this fallacy alive. Furthermore, the thesis depicts the Czech lands in the period from the 15th to 17th century. The text is focused on the questions of legal anchorage of persecution of the crime of witchcraft, on the evaluation of the historical development in the post-Hussite Bohemia and the use of torture. Final theories are then applied to the concrete cases of use of magic found in the so called Acta Negra book of the town of Solnice from the years 1569-1638. The author tries to portray the Czech environment which was in a sense insufficiently sensitive to the magic and to magical practices in general and to determine the causes which did not lead to unleashing of the trials with the supposed devil's servants. Key words: Church, witchcraft, Malleus Maleficarum, law, torment.
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Restoring of the monastery of Žďár in the 17th century
Srbová, Martina ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Valentová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis analyzes the renewal of the monastery in Ždár nad Sázavou after 1638, when the property of the monastery was bought back by the Cistercian order after the monastery had been abolished for the first time in 1614. It endeavours to follow two aspects of the renewal process of the monastery. On one side it looks at the tough process of settling the debts that arose during the purchase of the property by the Order and the gradual improvement of the financial situation of the monastery, while on the other side, it observes the management of the convention and the course of events leading to the election of its first abbot, Benedikt Zaunmüller. The thesis also aims to reveal the fact that the renewal of the Ždár monastery had a considerable effect not only on the Cistercian vicarate of Lands of Crown of Bohemia as a whole, but also that other orders, religious institutions and aristocracy made important contributions to the renewal of this abbey.
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The establishment of the Bohemian province of the Order of Capucines during the first half of the 17th century. The image of Capuchin order during 1599-1618 in the narrative sources and correspodence of his supporters
Brčák, Marek ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Valentová, Kateřina (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the history of the Capuchin order in the Czech- Austrian territory during 1599-1618 on the basis of a image, which was created by the narrative order sources and the correspondence of the order supporters. The first part of the bachelor thesis introduces the characterization of sources and the review of existing literature that deals with this theme. We then characterize the Capuchin order and its integration within the context of other monastic communities, because this information explains the behaviour of the Capuchins in the Czech-Austrian territory. We could not omit the Franciscan order and its history in this passage, because these also influenced the orientation and spirituality of the Capuchin order. The core of the bachelor thesis deals with the description of the Capuchin history in the Czech and Austrian countries. We follow two levels: provincial and conventual. We describe processes, which led to the establishment of the Czech-Austrian Capuchin province in the first part. The second level deals with the foundation of particular convents, their cults of saints and last but not least with their effect on the society at that time. We complete the information of the older historiography with plenty of sources, which were not yet studied. From comparison and analysis...
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Písek in the Thirty Years' War
Raabová, Kateřina ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Zdichynec, Jan (referee)
V této práci jsem se pokusila sledovat vybrané problémy z dějin malebného jihočeského města Písku, někdejšího města královského, během období třicetileté války (1618 - 1650). Struktura práce vycházela z možností daných bohatstvím Okresního archivu v Písku, dostupností literatury a na začátku stanovených témat - válečný vliv v regionu a na město Písek, náboženské poměry a hospodářské poměry, podoba města a jeho správa a na závěr kalendář událostí, který měl vše ve stručnosti shrnout a zopakovat. Téma bylo stanoveno a já začala shromažďovat materiál v SokA v Písku, netuše, kolik materiálu se tu k tématu skrývá a dá využít, pokud to člověk umí. Problematika třicetileté války v městském prostředí není v české historiografii zrovna frekventovaná, na rozdíl od vojenských, politických událostí či ‚portrétování' velkých panovnických a šlechtických osobností. Tak jsem narazila hned v úvodu bádání na problém. Nepodařilo se mi sehnat, vyjma Sedláčkova monumentálního díla Dějiny královského krajského města Písku nad Otavou, žádnou syntézu, která by se zabývala dlouhou válkou a na ní navazujícího barokního období. Městům pokud je věnována pozornost z hlediska politického, hospodářského a ekonomického, sociokulturního či antropologického, pak je ve většině případů pozornost historiků zaměřena především do období...
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Pavel Michna of Vacínov
Bouček, Jan ; Zdichynec, Jan (referee) ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor)
There are only a few works available dealing with the Czech Early New Times and not mentioning the name of Pavel Michna z Vacínova. The man who succeeded in overcoming barriers of his middle class origin and making himself an indispensable advisor to top representatives of the Czech Kingdom and even Emperor Ferdinand II and to manage elevation to Imperial Earldom towards the end of his life. Michna, a butcher's son from Budyně nad Ohří, became thanks to patronage of the High Chancellor of the Czech Kingdom Zdeněk Vojtěch Popel z Lobkovic in the early part of the 17th century the Czech Kingdom Court Office Secretary and reinforced a group of catholic militants who gradually started to exploit the Czech Kingdom Court Office for the benefit of their own influence at the expense of Protestant majority. Even though Michna had signed the Imperial Charter of Rudolf II that guaranteed all subjects in the Kingdom freedom of worship, he alone prosecuted Protestants during his office period in the Czech Kingdom Court Office and was aiming to restrict their rights. He paid special attention to royal cities. In cooperation with Zdeňek Vojtěch Popel z Lobkovic they often unscrupulously tried to make royal cities to waive their religious freedoms. As a consequence, the cities would have been exposed to increasing pressure...
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Matrimonial causes at the Utraquist Consistory of Kutná Hora in the second half of the 16th century till the beginning of the 17th century (with the regard to the same disputes in the Utraquist Consistory of Prague)
Krupková, Hana ; Zdichynec, Jan (referee) ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor)
The main topic of this thesis are problems of married life of a man and a woman, their mutual conflicts and the question of attitude of the society of that period to the marriage. The most important source for this work were the files of the Utraquist Consistory of Kutná Hora. In this work we also find a brief description of the history of this consistory. Their beginnings date back to the early 16th century and it finished its activities more or less in the year 1622. We focused our attention on the formation and the development of the marriage, both from the general point of view and its legal regulations in Bohemia. We described the efforts of the Church to bring under its domination decisions in the affairs of marriage. Only after the ecclesiastic council of Trentino ( which proclaimed the sacred character of the marriage, acceptance of the sacrament of marriage in the presence of a priest ) marriage and married life started to be understood as significant religious sacraments. Still in the 16th century only the marriage vow - between partners - was primary. After it, the marriage was considered as concluded. Religious blessing was only secondary. There were common cases when pregnant young women sued men for breaking the marriage vow. Only now they tried to maintain their honour and enter into the...
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Nunneries of Upper Lusatia between spiritual and secular power in the 16th and 17th century
Zdichynec, Jan ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor)
Out of the various religious and church structures of Upper Lusatia, the presented thesis focuses on the local women's religious Catholic houses, on the Cistercian convents of Marienthal and Marienstern, and the penitent sisters of Mary-Magdalene's convent in Lauban and on their domains. The period of interest is mostly 16th and 17th century. These abbeys are the only catholic institutions which have survived up to this day in the mainly protestant area. The introductory debate about monasteriologic research and about the possibilities of applying modern historical methods to the field are followed by an overview of the research dedicated to the area - both from the local and general German, or even Czech point of view. Careful analysis of the utilised resources follows. In assessing the factors that allowed the coexistence of institutions firmly tied to the Catholic Church and of the Protestant majority, it was first necessary to investigate the role of convents in the local society and to explore the earlier pre-reformation events. For the existence of monasteries of traditional orders was, in the early modern era, determined just as strongly by politics, (church) administration and by social and economical factors, as it was by its coexistence with protestantism. The existence was often continuous, tied...
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