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Charles le Brun anh his influence on the concept of the passions in the french aesthetics of the fine arts in the second half of the 17th century
Ježková, Markéta ; Dykast, Roman (advisor) ; Hlobil, Tomáš (referee)
The present essay deals with the Charles Le Brun's theory of the representation of passions. It summarizes the most important publications about Le Brun's lecture on expression ("Conference generale et particuliere) and mention some neglected aspects, for example its relation to the tradition of ancient rhetoric or period manners. The lecture is set in the context of period quarrels (quarrel about the importance of drawing or colour, quarrel of the Ancients and Moderns) and a special attention is given to the sources wich were used by Le Brun to develop his theory (philosophical, rhetorical, medical and physiognomical studies, book of manners) It follows from the study of literature and sources that the Le Brun's theory was innovative in many aspects but still depended on the older tradition, probably more than was recently supposed.
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The chapter on dramatic poetry in the first and second edition of Josef Jungmann's Slovesnost
Fleyberková, Klára ; Hlobil, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kaplický, Martin (referee)
This thesis deals with the chapter about dramatic poetry in the first and second edition of Jungmann's "Slovesnost". Its aim is to outline the author's dramatic approach, cover the changes that occurred in the second edition in comparison to the first one, and show Jungmann's work with aesthetic notions, using examples. First of all, we described a formal set-out of the chapter and its place within the whole "Slovesnost", and then we concentrated on individual genres and their modifications in either edition. Finally, we focused on aesthetic motives which occur in the chapter. Our thesis proves that Jungmann's thinking dramatically changed and modernised within a quarter of a century. He stopped using primarily Czech expressions, which was the case in 1820, and yielded to ever more often used international words in a way, which led to his moderation in terms of Czech Revivalism. The case of the key term "estetický" ("aesthetic") was similar - the author mentioned it only in 1845 instead of the original "krasovědný" (a truly Czech word with the same meaning), and using it enabled him to rebuild the aesthetic system by creating the so-called "nonaesthetic feelings". Modernising the theory was also mirrored in the fact that the author no longer emphasised ethical moments. In the second edition, he concentrated...
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Trope, symbol, figure. An approach to the philosophy of language of Solomon Maimon. Between Kant and the era of romanticism
Pargačová, Lucie ; Hlobil, Tomáš (advisor) ; Zátka, Vlastimil (referee) ; Karásek, Jindřich (referee)
Disertace se zabývá v českém prostředí téměř neznámým židovským myslitelem pokantovského období Salomonem Maimonem (1753-1800). Problematiku jazyka sleduje v chronologickém sledu Maimonových stěžejních děl. Východisko tvoří úvahy o tropech a metafoře, které jsou srovnány s vůdčími předkantovskými osvícenskými pozicemi (Ch. Wolff, J. G. Sulzer) a náhledy I. Kanta. Pozornost je věnována proměnám Maimonových stanovisek, jež jsou zachyceny výkladem termínů symbol a figura. Představení Maimonova svébytného pojetí se odehrává na pozadí výkladu těchto termínů ve filosofickém diskursu 18. století a nastávající epochy zvané Goethezeit. Abstract in English: The thesis is concerned with the concept of language in general and the tropes, symbol, and figure in particular as conceived in one of the most distinctive figures of post- Kantian philosophy, Solomon Maimon (1753-1800). The point of departure is Maimon's challenge to the theories of metaphorical nature of language, which were widespread in eighteenth-century British, French and German philosophy. Maimon articulated his core argument in the article Was sind Tropen (1789) and continued to work out the focus of it in his later works (Apendix on Symbolic Cognition and Philosophical Language 1790; Philosophical Dictionary, 1791; On Philosophical and...
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The role of beauty in Plato's philosophy
Gál, Ota ; Hlobil, Tomáš (referee) ; Špinka, Štěpán (advisor)
The final thesis aims to develop the question of beauty in Plato. To do so, it tries to gain a proper interpretative access to Plato`s dialogues in the first chapter, and concludes that as they are principally unified on the basis of the likeness of the cave, they can be separated into three structurally different groups with distinct purposes - elenctic, anabatic and katabatic. The second chapter analyzes the dialogue Hippias Major, and traces the ontological implications of its negative outcome, as well as suggestions in relation to which other notions Plato tried to develop his conception. It then analyzes the dialogue Phaedo and tries to reconstruct the basics of Plato's theory of forms, beauty being one of them. The third chapter analyzes the question of beauty in the dialogues Symposium and Phaedrus in more detail, i.e in relation to love, good, happiness, begetting, soul and speech. Beauty is said to be shining both as form and in body, and eros can thus be mistaken in the source of its excitement. Most importantly the erotic movement of the soul is described as partner. It unifies the tripartite soul, different souls, including divine ones and, to a certain extent, even the soul and corrporeality. These analyses unravel in the fourth chapter beauty as, at the same time, cause and purpose of a...
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Reception of Burke's philosophical enquiry in the German - language area in the nineteenth century
Tyc, Ondřej ; Foglarová, Eva (referee) ; Hlobil, Tomáš (advisor)
This work is concerned with the reception of Edmund Burke's Philosophical Enquiry in the German - language area in the nineteenth century with the focus on examination of the ways, in which authors of wide range of nineteenth century currents respond to Burke's theory. We tried to find the differences and affinities in the aproach of various German aestheticians to this model example of British eighteenth century empirism. Despite of the great individual diversity between their own philosophical principles, these autors seems o be almost unanimous in their rejection of Burke's system along with his observations (in contrast with thinkers of eighteenth century) and particularly in refusal his separation of the Sublime and the Beautiful. Burke is in the nineteenth century discussed primarily either in context of the concept of Sublime, or in connection with the insufficiency of his empirical, sensualist theory.
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Czech highschool primers of poetics (1908-2007)
Podhajský, František ; Foglarová, Eva (referee) ; Hlobil, Tomáš (advisor)
The thesis examines primers of poetics that have been in use at Czech high schools in the period between 1908 and 2007. The first chapter attempts to explain the reason for changes of titles of this kind of textbooks and it summarizes singles genres that were used to writing these books. The four following chapters are a survey of the concept of Czech secondary school primers of poetics in the years of 1908 and 1933, 1933 and 1948, 1948 and 1989, and lastly 1989 and 2007. In their beginning, each chapter provides a short characteristics of the high school system. The last part of each chapter is devoted to the definition of art in secondary school textbooks of literary theory. The conclusion outlines the development of these school books and it summarizes their scopes of art. A list of Czech high school primers of poetics and their reviews is also an important part of this thesis.
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The phenomenon of "Czech aesthetics" in reflection of the Czech aesthetic thought
Čechová, Alena ; Hlobil, Tomáš (referee) ; Foglarová, Eva (advisor)
century. Before that, F. Palacký dealt with the aesthetics history, although his "Přehled dějin krásovědy a její literatury" (1823) deals only with the world aesthetics history. Palacký was convinced about the fact that in the Czech setting it is not possible to talk about a development of any aesthetic theories. His work significantly influenced Czech aesthetic historiography because Palacký accepted the idea of development. In his opinion all man's endeavour is aimed to achieve humanity (much later M. Novák also thinks the same way). The need for recording history of the Czech aesthetics appeared not until a half of 19th century. The effort to make the national philosophy independent was the main condition for this need. Herbartians - F. Čupr, J. Dastich and J. Durdík - returned to aesthetic ideas of Tomáš Štítný ze Štítného whom they, by mistake, considered to be the original thinker and predecessor of formal aesthetics. Among Czech Herbartian writings we can find not only revivalist efforts, but also certain "cosmopolitanism", knowledge that Herbart's philosophy is the holder of the truth (Herbart's philosophy was important for Czech philosophical thinking mainly because of terminology). The name Štítný became "a milestone" in the Czech aesthetics history. It played an important role in A. Krecar's work...
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Milota Zdirad Polak's Sublime of Nature
Ibrahim, Robert ; Šmahelová, Hana (advisor) ; Hlobil, Tomáš (referee) ; Hrbata, Zdeněk (referee)
Sublime of Nature (1819), a lyrical poem in six cantos and with more than 1800 lines, written by a Czech poet and Austrian officer Milota Zdirad Polák (1788-1856), was at the time of its birth celebrated as the greatest Czech poem, its author labelled a genius and compared to the greatest European poets of the 18th Century. However, in the following decades Polák was gradually falling into oblivion, with literary historians of the end of the 19th and the beginning of 20th Century viewing Sublime of Nature as an unreadable work and its author as a non-poet. This attitude was also true for the 20th Century. However, in recent years some independent attempts have been made to bring Sublime of Nature back to both wider public and scholarly attention. The following dissertation joins these efforts. The aim of this dissertation is not an evaluation of Polák and his work; it is an attempt at interpretation of the text based on comparison of two versions of the poem (book and periodical) and on literary-historical setting of the work. Although Sublime of Nature appeared during a transient era of Czech literature characterized by its syncretism, this dissertation tries to relate Sublime of Nature to the context of (classicist) poetics and aesthetics of the 18th Century and in case of any borderline phenomena always...
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Jaroslav Hruban's "Neoidealistic aesthetics". A tribute to aesthetic value theory
Hanáčková, Martina ; Hlobil, Tomáš (referee) ; Foglarová, Eva (advisor)
This thesis would like to contribute to the spreading of the awareness of the aesthetic values of Jaroslav Hruban, not well - known representative of Czech aesthetics. The thesis focuses manily on Hruban's "Dante period", in which he manages to clarify his opinions on aesthetic value, namely that connected with art. This work tries to elucidate this thinker's concept of aesthetic value, which, due to its metaphysical background, proves Hruban's thinking to contain some neoidealistic elements, rather than to agree with then society on the terms of positivism. ln this aesthetic value, Hruban sees some potential in the skills to intensity mental activities and therefore broaden man's spiritual horizons. lt is in this way that the aesthetic value contributes to positive transforming of human life.
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