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The Czech crown and the king in conceptions of Czech nobility at the turn of middle ages and modern period
Hanousková, Jana ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor) ; Ledvinka, Václav (referee)
The political system of the Estates, developing in the 15th century and gaining its final form in the last quarter of the century, placed also in the Lands of the Bohemian Crown a new political subject next to the monarch, formed on the statal level. In the Kingdom of Bohemia it was first of all the nobility - the high nobility and the knights - who claimed their share of political power. Gaining a political ground, they developed a collective estates' consciousness and formed their view of the role of the monarch and the Czech crown. Both estates acquired a considerable power towards the end of the century - under the rule of the king Vladislaus II the Jagiellonian. The nobility focused their attention on the bodies of government, the highest being the land diet. Soon they also took interest in obtaining the land rights and privileges, which they saw as a basis for assessing their rights and the way of claiming their rights against the monarch.
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The Czech princesses of Luxemburg house
Mazancová, Tereza ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor) ; Dvořáčková, Dana (referee)
The work focuses at the life of prominent noblewomen in the 14th century. On the example of Catherine of Luxembourg, the daughter of Charles IV, the thesis depicts the social roles and situations of princesses throughout their course of life. These roles included the role of a daughter, wife, mother, and a widow. The princesses also served as important instruments of marriage politics. The analysis is complemented by additional information on other Czech princesses of the Luxembourg dynasty.
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The knights Kaplíř of Sulevice on the treshold of the early modern age
Kozojed, Petr ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor) ; Čechura, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis focuses on the history of the the family of knights Kaplíř of Sulevice. It covers a period from the first reference to this family before the half of the 14th century until the death of the last male member in the lineage at the beginning of the 18th century. The family Kaplíř of Sulevice belongs among significant members of the estate of Czech knights. In the course of the 14th and at the beginning of the 15th century the members of the family built up their property structure and that time there were 5 descents formed: descent of Sulevice, descent of Ostrý, descent of Solany, descent of Skalka-Řehlovice and descent of Vimperk. Thanks to the Hussite period the knights of Sulevice, the men of great enterprise, succeeded in penetrating more significantly even beyond boundaries of their own estates. The half of the 15th century was marked with certain stagnation (except the descent of Vimperk) which, on the contrary, was in their prime.
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Constructional activities of Prague burgesses concerning their country estates in the middle ages
Hůrka, Martin ; Klápště, Jan (referee) ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor)
I deal with constructional activities performed at country estates of Prague burgesses or persons, who were no longer considered to be lawful burgesses, but who had had their roots in that community. I target the period from the first known references on activities of those persons in the country approximatelly in the middle of the 13th century untill the end of the 15th centrury. Constructional activities can nowadays be recognized nearly exclusively at two types of buildings - residencies (forts, strongholds, castles) and churches. The utmost boom of building activities at country estates belonging to "burgesses" can be seen from the middle of the 14th centrury untill the burst of the Hussite Wars. The most atractive region, where the concerned persons had invested their resources, proved to be the one east of Prague.
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Working of crusaders of red star in West and North-west Bohemia by 1526. Possession of property, hospices and parish administration
Janderová, Andrea ; Hledíková, Zdenka (referee) ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor)
Knight order of crusaders of red star is the only male catholic church order of Czech origin. lt is connected to the beginning of Franciscan movement in the Czech lands and to the personality of St. Agnes the Czech, who founded a hospic for the poor, sick and elderly in 1233. This hospic was built together with cloister of female branch of the Franciscan order in neighbourhood of St. Hastal church in the Old Town of Prague. Running of the hospic was apointed to lay fraternity. In 1234, king Wenceslas 1. adressed a protec ti ve document to the fraternity, shortly followed by a Papal bull, which ensured subordination of Na Františku cloister directly to Papal stooJ. Another buJ] from 1237 became also the confirmation document of the new order, appointed to run the hospic. The order became independent by-law, but property-wise it stayed dependent on the St. Frances cloister. The following year, Agnes in behalf of the c10ister gaye up aU their fortune and the Pope Gregory IX gaye the hospic together with all its belongings to master and friars of the hospic order. In 1252 the base stone was laid to the new hospic and church of the order, the central residence at the end of the old Judith's Bridge. Moving to the new quarters marked the end of a first phase of order's development and it was a beginning of a new...
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The Magdeburg law in the towns of northwest Bohemia in pre-Hussite period
Mareš, Jan ; Žemlička, Josef (advisor) ; Bobková, Lenka (referee) ; Sulitková, Ludmila (referee)
The beginnings and propagation of the Magdeburg Law in the Czech lands in the Middle Ages are in the centre of attention of historical sciences since the second half of the 19th century. The period of great interest in this theme ends in the middle of the last cen tury and there i s a change in the direction of conservation of older knowledge. A detailed look on notorious development trends in connection with use of different types of sources can open new possibilities for efforts concerning deeper cognition of one of the most important components of the so called medieval transformation. The Magdeburg Law is a phenomenon transgressing borders of contemporary as well as medieval states in Centra!- and Eastern Europe, which is the reason to study it in the context of wider regions. Presented study incorporates three themes. The first chapter is dedicated to the analysis of the initial situation that existed in the thirteenth century in one of the most important cities of northwest Bohemia Litoměřice, the later head of a great family of cities of German town law. The starting point for an attempt to explore the Litoměřice law in the 13th century is a not preserved compilation of various legal regulations sent directly from Magdeburg to Litoměřice in 1282. This is a rare case in Czech lands, which could be...
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The Saxons in Bohemia 1631-1632
Kortus, Oldřich ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Bobková, Lenka (referee) ; Fukala, Radek (referee)
Předmětem této práce je zpracování epizodické události z dějin třicetileté války, tažení saské armády do Čech v letech 1631 a 1632. Text práce je rozvržen do šesti kapitol. První z nich shrnuje přehled dosavadního bádání o tématu a seznamuje čtenáře s existující literaturou a použitými prameny pro sepsání tohoto pojednání. Druhá kapitola věnovaná počátkům tažení saského vojska do Čech řeší odpověď na některé z otázek položených v úvodu: Proč se uskutečnilo tažení do Čech? Na tuto otázku nelze zcela jednoznačně odpovědět. Podnětem k němu mohly být dva důvody spojené z faktem, že této příležitosti bylo možné využít k živení saské armády na území Čech. Prvním důvodem mohly být obavy saské strany z napadení kurfiřtství císařskými vojsky pod velením Aldringena a Tiefenbacha. Druhým důvodem mohla být obava z plánů českých pobělohorských exulantů. Ti, pod vedením Jindřicha Matyáše hraběte z Thurnu usilovali o návrat do staré vlasti a o obnovení náboženských a politických poměrů do té míry, jaké existovaly před rokem 1620. Toto se mělo zdařit vyvoláním povstání v zemi proti císaři a českému králi Ferdinandovi II. za podpory švédské armády. Tažení švédského vojska do Čech a následně do rakouských zemí se císařský dvůr, generalita a vlivné politické osobnosti dlouhou dobu velmi obávaly. Mám za to, že Arnimovo tažení...
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The fiefs of castle Karlštejn since its formation to 80th of 14th century
Novotná, Markéta ; Čechura, Jaroslav (referee) ; Bobková, Lenka (referee)
The foundation of the Karlštejn domain is the result of the revision of the Chamber of Goods at the turn of the fortieth and the fiftieth of the 14th century by the king Karel IV. This new domain was based on the declining structure of the Přemyslide hunting forests, especially the so-called Kamýk "villicatio" and the province of Tetín. While since the end of the 10th century the agricultural areas of Czech lands had been controlled by great administrative centres (so-called "hradská střediska"), the wooded and non-agricultural regions such as Kamýcko or Tetínsko were controlled only by small local forts - princely courts. Most of these courts were favorite seats of a prince but Kamýk nad Vltavou developed into an administrative centre, where at the end of 13th century a castle was built on a hill above the river. Only during the early 14th century the Kamýk region started to be more densely colonized and parts of the villicatio were given in pledge. The new owners often interfered with the rights of the fiefs attached to the villicatio. It was the king Karel IV. who appended the vassals and their goods to the castle Karlštejn. The colonization and landscape of this territory influenced the location of the fiefs, some of them far away from the castle. Most of the fiefs survived till the end of the...
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The knights Kaplíř of Sulevice on the treshold of the early modern age
Kozojed, Petr ; Čechura, Jaroslav (referee) ; Bobková, Lenka (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the history of the the family of knights Kaplíř of Sulevice. It covers a period from the first reference to this family before the half of the 14th century until the death of the last male member in the lineage at the beginning of the 18th century. The family Kaplíř of Sulevice belongs among significant members of the estate of Czech knights. In the course of the 14th and at the beginning of the 15th century the members of the family built up their property structure and that time there were 5 descents formed: descent of Sulevice, descent of Ostrý, descent of Solany, descent of Skalka-Řehlovice and descent of Vimperk. Thanks to the Hussite period the knights of Sulevice, the men of great enterprise, succeeded in penetrating more significantly even beyond boundaries of their own estates. The half of the 15th century was marked with certain stagnation (except the descent of Vimperk) which, on the contrary, was in their prime.
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