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Depression and Insulin Resistance
Hess, Zdeněk ; Rosolová, Hana (advisor) ; Šimon, Jaroslav (referee) ; Souček, Miroslav (referee) ; Beran, Jiří (referee)
Introduction: Metabolic syndrome and depression are considered to be important risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is estimated to be around 25% of the adult population in industrialized countries, including the population of Czech Republic. The prevalence of depression is estimated to be around 15% of the same adult population. It is not clear yet on the base of poor literature, which is so far available, whether there is a causal relationship between these factors or not. Objective: To try to find a relationship between metabolic syndrome and depression in a population sample using clinical and metabolic parameters. Methods: The prevalence of depressivity or other psychopathologies was evaluated with the use of self-report questionnaires in a randomly selected population sample of 259 people living in Pilsen. The questionnaires were mailed to the subjects. Those of them who responded were invited to the examination of anthropometric and laboratory parameters defining the metabolic syndrome and to the examination of some other parameters. The occurrence of risk factors of the metabolic syndrome of insulin resistance and the relationship between depression and metabolic syndrome was investigated. Metabolic syndrome of insulin resistance...
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Aortic stenosis
Šmíd, Michal ; Rokyta, Richard (advisor) ; Rosolová, Hana (referee) ; Ošťádal, Petr (referee) ; Sovová, Eliška (referee)
Aortic annulus and ascending aorta: comparison of preoperative and periooperative measurement in patients with aortic stenosis Introduction Precise determination of the aortic annulus size constitutes an integral part of the preoperative evaluation prior to aortic valve replacement. It enables the estimation of the size of prosthesis to be implanted. Knowledge of the size of the ascending aorta is required in the preoperative analysis and monitoring of its dilation enables the precise timing of the operation. Our goal was to compare the precision of measurement of the aortic annulus and ascending aorta using magnetic resonance (MR), multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT), transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), and transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) in patients with degenerative aortic stenosis. Materials and Methods 15 patients (9 males and 6 females, mean age 68.8 + 7,1 years,) indicated for aortic valve replacement due to degenerative aortic stenosis were enrolled into this prospective study. The study followed the principles established in the Declaration of Helsinki. The protocol was accepted by the local ethical board and informed consent was obtained from each patient. The study was performed in a tertiary medical centre. Preoperatively, TTE was performed in all patients, while TEE was...
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Cariovascular Profile, Level of Its Control in Relation to Complications in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Nussbaumerová, Barbora ; Rosolová, Hana (advisor) ; Lacigová, Silvie (referee) ; Málková, Jana (referee) ; Soška, Vladimír (referee)
1. A sample of 415 type 2 diabetic (DM2) subjects was examined. The control of cardiovascular risk factors, e.g. blood pressure, lipids and glucose metabolism, is unsatisfactory in this sample. There is a lack in nonpharmacological treatment and regimen - physical activity, smoking, low energy diet. The choice of antihypertensive treatment is satisfactory. Many patients have only the monotherapy. The antihypertensives are underdosed. We are not sure about the compliance. The treatment of dyslipidemia is not sufficient enough, there is a lack of the statin + fibrate combination therapy. The nonpharmacological regimen in needed for better glucose metabolism compensation. The pharmacotherapy should be indicated earlier (esp. metformin). 2. The prevalence of microvascular complications (mvc) was high in this sample (54%), especially the diabetic nefropathy (95%). The macrovascular compliactions (MVC) were present in 27% subjects, more in men, 55% of them had coronary heart disease. Subjects with MVC had more often mvc. The risk profile was worse in subjects with any vascular complications. The common risk factors in association with both MVC and mvc were the age over 60 years and hsCRP plasma level over 1 mg/L. We follow the sample prospectively to estimate predictive factors for vascular complications. 3. We...
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Significance of Assessment of Glycemic Index of Foods in the Treatment of Insulin Resistance Syndrome
Víšek, Jakub ; Rušavý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Rosolová, Hana (referee) ; Blaha, Vladimír (referee) ; Prázný, Martin (referee)
OBJECTIVE - The aim of this study was to compare the impact effectiveness of a diet with a low glycemic index versus a common diabetic diet in selected metabolic and anthropometric parameters. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - 20 volunteers with the type 2 diabetes treated only with metformin were randomly split into two groups. Each group was advised to follow a common diabetic diet (DD) or a diet with a low glycemic index (GI) for a period of 3 months in a crossover design. The effectiveness of the two diets was evaluated according to the selected metabolic and anthropometric parameters using a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with endogenous glucose production measurement, indirect calorimetry and bioimpedance analysis. RESULTS - Body weight after 3 months following DD was 93kg (83-104) vs. GI 92kg (85- 104) p<0.05, BMI DD 31.3 kg/m2 (27.5-35.9) vs. GI 30.7 kg/m2 (27-35.3) p<0.05, body fat DD 28% (25.5-43) vs. GI 27% (23-43) p<0.05. The diets did not differ in effects on glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting glucose, lipid profile, insulin sensitivity or hepatic glucose production. CONCLUSIONS - In comparison with a common diabetic diet, the diet with low GI leads to a slight weight loss, as well as the BMI and body fat reduction. No significant differences regarding glycemic control, lipid profile, insulin...
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