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The Academic Milieu in Times of Communist Vetting - Higher Education in 1948-1956. Post-war Reform of Czech Higher Education and Is Origins
Jareš, Jakub ; Kopeček, Michal (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Šima, Karel (referee)
This thesis deals with a reform of Czech higher education after the Second World War. While traditional treatments follow the communist experiment from its beginnings until its 'inevitable' downfall in 1989, this work focuses on its roots and end with the adoption of the new Higher Education Act in 1950. This reversal of perspective reveals similarities between the communist reform and modernisation trends which influenced the development of higher education also in the West. We follow the discussion about the future of higher education, which went on in 1930s-1950s, try to see how universities tried to approach the tension between their freedoms and demands for serving the public, and analyse the way in which the communist reform responded to this issue. Czech higher education was formed by Humboldtian principles, which were partly implemented in mid-19th century. During the interwar period, this framework basically remained in place: higher education developed in terms of quantity rather than quality but certain problems with demanded attention also started coming to the fore. Attempts by the Ministry of Education to implement partial reforms met with resistance from the academic institutions and many academics focused on passionately defending the autonomy of universities. During the wartime, the...
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The forced closures of Prague's museums and galleries in 2020. The consequences of forced closures in 2020 for Prague's museums, galleries and their adaptation in the online world
Peřina, Milan ; Jareš, Jakub (advisor) ; Wančová, Nina (referee)
In March of 2020, the Czech Republic was hit by the covidu-19 pandemic. This was followed by three waves of forced closures, which limited the activities of museums and galleries and prevented the public from visiting them. The museum presentation has therefore moved to the online sphere, where institutions sought to engage their online visitors with virtual tours, videos, social media communications and other projects. The aim of this diploma thesis was to find out what consequences the forced closures in 2020 had on Prague's museums and galleries and how these institutions managed to adapt in the online world. For this purpose, I chose the methods of a questionnaire survey and an interview. I contacted a total of 64 Prague's museums and galleries, from which I received 32 responses. The results point to far-reaching problems that forced closures have meant for these institutions. Even after reopening, visitor numbers did not return to the state before the covid-19 pandemic broke out. Nevertheless, none of the respondents is in immediate danger of extinction in the near future. The adaptation of Prague's museums and galleries in the online world turned out to be more optimistic. Institutions were able to create a whole range of interesting online projects that caught the attention of their...
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The Academic Milieu in Times of Communist Vetting - Higher Education in 1948-1956. Post-war Reform of Czech Higher Education and Is Origins
Jareš, Jakub ; Kopeček, Michal (advisor) ; Petráň, Josef (referee) ; Šima, Karel (referee)
This thesis deals with a reform of Czech higher education after the Second World War. While traditional treatments follow the communist experiment from its beginnings until its 'inevitable' downfall in 1989, this work focuses on its roots and end with the adoption of the new Higher Education Act in 1950. This reversal of perspective reveals similarities between the communist reform and modernisation trends which influenced the development of higher education also in the West. We follow the discussion about the future of higher education, which went on in 1930s-1950s, try to see how universities tried to approach the tension between their freedoms and demands for serving the public, and analyse the way in which the communist reform responded to this issue. Czech higher education was formed by Humboldtian principles, which were partly implemented in mid-19th century. During the interwar period, this framework basically remained in place: higher education developed in terms of quantity rather than quality but certain problems with demanded attention also started coming to the fore. Attempts by the Ministry of Education to implement partial reforms met with resistance from the academic institutions and many academics focused on passionately defending the autonomy of universities. During the wartime, the...
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Parliamentary immunity in the Czech political system
Jareš, Jakub ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Wintr, Jan (referee)
The thesis "Parliamentary Immunity in the Czech Political System" examines the history of parliamentary immunity in the Czech lands from 1848 until today. Primarily, it focuses on allowing prosecutions of deputies and senators and the attempts to reduce immunity in the Czech Republic after 1993. The thesis looks in detail at the provisions on immunity in the constitutions which were in force in the Czech lands after 1848; it also gives an overview of the cases of allowing deputy prosecutions during 1918-1938 and under the communist rule (1948-1989). In addition, the thesis includes chapters on the origin and legal implementation of parliamentary immunity, on its broad definition and on the immunity provisions in the constitutions of other countries.
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