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Problems of translation of Portuguese past tenses into the Czech
Kolomý, Luděk ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
In my thesis entitled "The problems of translation of the portuguese Past Tenses into the Czech" I tried to explain the complexness of Portuguese past tenses for the Czech native speaker and find their Czech equivalents in order to make easier the study for everyone, who wants to start to study portuguese language more detailed. The option of the verbal form is very connected to the verb categories, especially to the category of time and aspect. So first of all, in the first part of theorical part I tried to explain the definition of the basic terms of the both examined languages which are verb, time and aspect. In the category of aspect I have already found some divergences between Czech and Portuguese language. The Czech verbs ,with the same meaning and roots, are divided into two groups of verbs: perfective or imperfective verbs, whereas in portuguese the category of aspect is considered more like lexical category and sometimes even grammar books do not speak about aspect, but only about aspectual opositions. In the second part of my theorical part I introduce all the situations, with the translations into the Czech, where all the Portuguese past tenses can be used and also accompanied by short commentaries and primary conlusions. In the third part there are examples of Portuguese speaking literature...
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Pronounciation mistakes of Czech students learning Portuguese
Kopáčková, Barbora ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
The presented Master's thesis entitled "Pronounciation mistakes of Czech students learning Portuguese" tries to depict the most common mistakes in the pronounciation of Portuguese sounds by Czech students. The thesis is divided into two parts: theoretical and practical. The theoretical part, based on a careful research of specialized materials, deals with phonetics, the phonological aspect of a language, phonology, the description of speech forming processes, sound systems of Portuguese, rules for correct pronounciation of respective sounds and also interference - the influences of a person's mother tongue while learning Portuguese. The theoretical part served as a basis for the practical part. In the practical part an analysis was carried out, using a number of audio recordings taken from first-year to fifth-year students of Portuguese Studies at Charles University, Faculty of Arts. The aim of this analysis was to detect typical mistakes made by Czech Students in the pronounciation of Portuguese sounds. The observed pronounciation phenomena are recorded in tables, each phenomena separately. In conclusion, the thesis provides an evaluation of the analysis.
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Portuguese in Macau
Havlíková, Iva ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
(in English): The aim of this thesis, called Portuguese in Macau, is to examine the situation of Portuguese language in the former Portuguese colony. The thesis is divided into several main parts. In order to examine the situation of Portuguese language in detail, a complete understanding of historical development in this territory as well as in China, where it belongs nowadays, is required. The history of Portuguese presence in Macau is outlined in the first chapter. The second chapter focuses on Macau's demographics. Development in number of inhabitants and ethnic composition is described. The chapter also takes account of population age composition, place of birth and religion. As a result of interaction of diverse cultures in Macau peninsula, a specific group of inhabitants has been formed. This community does identify themselves neither with the Chinese majority nor with the Portuguese minority. The chapter tends to define, who these native inhabitants of Macau, the so called filhos da terra, are. The historical formation and the most important characteristics are described. Considering the diverse ethnic composition of Macau's population, we can expect that this fact will be reflected in language situation of the territory. The fourth chapter focuses on language situation. Its first parts...
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The problematics of business Portuguese and business correspondence in Portuguese
Tichá, Barbora ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
This graduation thesis entitled The Problematics of the Business Portuguese and Business Correspondence in Portuguese describes the area of the Portuguese language used in the world of entrepreneurship, which includes companies as such and their business relationship with other companies. The language units introduced in this thesis are not only those included in the lexical system - words or terms (composed of one or more words), which are studied from the point of view of semantics, but also syntactical and stylistic units of the chosen areas of the business language. However, the objective of this work was not to cover all the possible lexical and syntactical units, which means to give a list of all those that can be encountered in the respective area, but to concentrate only on chosen features and on their relationship with other terms (if they can be synonyms, homonyms, etc.), and to describe how these features can be translated into Czech. The thesis is divided in eight chapters. The introductory chapter defines commercial language and it also summarises the functional styles and their use in the respective chapters. The chapter entitled The Activities of a Company studies words which designate the basic division of the fields in which a company can carry out its business activities and words which...
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Occurrence and interpretation of the portuguese modal verbs "poder" and "dever" in forensic context: contributions to an analysis in legal language
Sousa Coelho Ramos, Joaquim Jose ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Svobodová, Iva (referee) ; Svobodová, Petra (referee)
Occurrence and interpretation of modal verbs 'dever' and 'poder' in juridical context: contributions to an analysis in legal language Joaquim J. S. Coelho Ramos Abstract: This work aims to study the specific linguistic behavior, as well as to answer emerging questions related to the interpretation of the modal verbs 'poder' and 'dever' in the context of legal language, namely in legal and jurisprudential textual typologies. To achieve this goal, a research strategy was designed based on three distinct lines: 1) through the systematization of an historical perspective and keeping in mind the present state of the art, we've defined a methodological approach oriented into the applied studies of the modality, in European Portuguese; 2) interacting with the knowledge already acquired and relatively stabilized in other languages, namely English, French and Spanish, we sought points of contact or conceptual proximity with related phenomena identified in Portuguese legal language basis; 3), departuring from emerging questions and specific problems triggered by this technical manifestation of Portuguese language (legal language), we sought to identify phenomena associated with the verbs 'poder' and 'dever' which could somehow be stabilized and brought to the context of present linguistic theory studies, especialy to...
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Reflection of Old Portuguese in the dialects of Current Portuguese
Weber, Petr ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
Diploma thesis "Reflection of Old Portuguese in dialects of Contemporary European Portuguese" deals with influence of Old Portuguese on dialects used and spoken over area of Continental Portugal. The first part of diploma thesis reflects language history, its development and language changes in general terms. After overview of general rules of language development and explanation of language changes theory Portuguese language is described from genealogical, geographical and historical point of view. The first chapters of main part of diploma thesis focuses on Old Portuguese and its historical stages which will be analyzed based on its subsystems - phonetical, lexical and morphosyntactical. The theme of relation of language and its dialects will be discussed as well. One of the most important parts of Diploma thesis is dedicated to description and classification of dialects of Contemporary Portuguese high-lighting differences in phonetical and lexical subsystems of these dialects. Presentation of Old Portuguese and dialects of Contemporary European Portuguese is followed by the research part of Diploma thesis. Our research is based on hypothesis which claims that the remnants of Old Portuguese are more evident in phonetical and lexical subsystems of dialects of Contemporary European Portuguese while...
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Semantics analysis of personal pronouns in Portuguese
Manďák, Miroslav ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
The goal of the thesis "Semantic analysis of personal pronouns in portuguese" is to analyse meaning and sense of personal pronouns in contemporary portuguese. Taking into account many studies considering only specific categories of portuguese pronoun clitics, the objective was to create a more complex study, using a broader variety of semantic methods. The first part of the thesis gives a brief account on various semantic approaches. The emphasis was put on the way how different authors understand the meaning of language signs and how they view the category of personal pronouns. The approaches considered as suitable for analysis of portuguese personal pronouns were identified and their priniciples presented in more details. In the second part of the thesis, an attempt was made to evaluate the basic anaphoric function in general and specifically in the field of the personal pronouns. The DRT method - a specific method based on the principles of formal dynamic semantics - enabled to formulate precise definitions of general meanings of particular personal pronouns and their relevant semantic traits. The results of the DRT analysis were put into the context of the lexical semantics. The method traditionally used in the lexical semantics was modified and broaden by the use of the third position of sem (the...
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Modern portuguese slang and its changes
Mrva, Jan ; Hricsina, Jan (advisor) ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (referee)
(in English) The aim of the present bachelor thesis is to describe the status of the portuguese slang from diachronic and synchronic point of view. The thesis consists of two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part focuses on the definitions of sociolinguistic terms that are bond to the Czech and Potuguese linguistic field of study. Furthermore presents short historical overview on the scientific research of Portuguese slang. The practical part is formed on the basis of the questionnaire results which had been realized with Portuguese native speakers. The study primarily examines the formation methods of Portuguese slang and the evolution trends which follows.
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The Language Situation in Angola
Ferreira de Sousa, Natalie ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
The objective of this bachelor's thesis is to briefly introduce to reader the language situation in Angola. Main topics are historical-sociological development of portuguese language and local languages, their position in this area and situation of portuguese in the present day. For this chosen objective I utilized available angolan specialist literature and articles that were occupying similar topic. To explore this theme I took advantage of my direct linkage to Angola. Creating this thesis I had achieved to make a complete summary of language situation in Angola, which can serve to readers who would like to gain a idea how took place a development of colonial language in colony and in the same time of development of local languages in concrete african country. Similar development scheme took place in majority of african countries. Contribution of this work is mainly in creating a bachelor thesis about chosen topic in czech language with usage of my direct contacts to Angola.
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About the technical European Union language
Šustková, Eva ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
One of the aspects of the entry of the Czech Republic to the European Union in 1. 4. 2004 was that the Czech language became one of the full-valued reference languages of the EU. Czech language needed to familiarize quickly with the specifics of a new technical language-the language of European officialdom. This thesis has actually two partial aims. First aim is to file this technical European language into the system of functional styles, analyze it and point out to the characteristics which differ this technical language from the common language. The analysis will be done in two levels, morphosyntactic and lexical. As the background for the analysis will serve specific documents published by the European Union. The second aim of the thesis is to elaborate a Portuguese-Czech dictionary of terms of the European language from some areas. Those areas are names of the official European institutions, documents published by this institutions and finally component parts of the documents. I will also point out some of the problem I encountered and which can cause problems in translation. The climax of this practical part of the thesis will be elaboration of alphabetical dictionary of abbreviations frequently used in the European Union documents.
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