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Methodology of personal safety in emergencies
Hrušková, Veronika ; Kovaříková, Miroslava (advisor) ; Váchová, Alena (referee)
The diploma thesis "Methodology of human protection in emergencies at primary school" is focused on the practical teaching of pupils. It outlines the practice of dealing with possible extraordinary events according to the specific requirements of the Všetaty Primary School. In the theoretical part, inclusion of the given issue in education, legislation and detailed analysis of the framework educational program for basic education are presented. It is possible to divide extraordinary events and its further specification. Emergencies and general principles of behavior are established in the event of their occurrence. Population warning and alert, integrated rescue and emergency call lines are pointed out. First aid in involved in the conclusion. The research part describes a research survey which used various information sources, based the method of interview and analysis of theoretical documents. The main objective of the research is to find out which emergencies endanger the Všetaty region and to design the activities in the educational program in compliance in accordance with the found threads. In the practical part the draft of the educational program of the topic Human rights protection in emergencies, which is created according to the specific needs of the Všetaty elementary school is...
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Epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of the B7-H1 and IRF-1 expression in tumour cells.
Hrušková, Veronika ; Reiniš, Milan (advisor) ; Krulová, Magdaléna (referee)
Interferon γ is an important T-cell helper type 1 (Th1) cytokine involves in antimicrobial immunity. It is a part of the inflammatory immune response in the site of infection. However, for its proper function, the regulation of immunity is necessary to avoid injury of the tissue caused by long-term inflammation. While interferon γ triggers expression of proinflammatory genes, it also regulates genes which inactivate immune response. The B7-H1 molecule belongs among these inhibitory regulators. Furthermore, antitumour effect of interferon γ is well-known as well. After extensive experiments, interferon γ was tested as an immunotherapeutic drug against melanomas in clinical trials. However, the trials had to be terminated prematurely because of unsuccessful results. It started to be clear that interferon γ could have also a protumour effect. Interferon γ upregulates the expression of B7-H1 molecule which aids tumour in escape from immunity. The B7-H1 molecule possesses a binding site for interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) in its promoter region. This IRF-1 is induced by interferon γ - JAK/STAT signalling pathway. In our previous research, we observed interferon γ induced DNA demethylation of promoters in genes that are involved in antigen presenting machinery. Additionally, DNA methylation of...
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Regulation of the B7-H1 (CD274) inhibitory molecule expression on tumour and immune cells.
Hrušková, Veronika ; Reiniš, Milan (advisor) ; Krulová, Magdaléna (referee)
The co-stimulatory/inhibitory molecules of family B7 that are expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting and other cells, including tumour cells, play an important role in immune responses regulations. Owing to binding on the T-lymphocyte receptors, they regulate their positive and also negative responses. An important co-stimulatory member of B7 family is B7-H1 molecule. This molecule is presented in many different tissues, not only on haematopoietic cells. However, it is also expressed on tumour cells. Its two binding receptors are in the cytoplasmic membrane of T-cells. The first receptor is unknown and the second receptor is PD-1 (CD279). The linkage between B7-H1 - PD-1 regulates negatively proliferation, differentiation and cytokine secretion of T-cells. This negative regulation is crucial for the constitution of peripheral immune tolerance and also for escape of tumour cells from T-lymphocyte based anti-tumour responses. Although the mechanisms underlying the B7-H1 cell-surface expression have been intensively studied, and they are not fully understood, especially in tumour cells. IFNγ and TNFα regulate B7-H1 expression on transcription level as well as on post- transcription level. Binding sites for transcription factors IRF-1 and NF-κB are located in B7- H1 promoter region. The IRF-1...
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Construction of various types of vaccines based on the structural proteins of mouse polyomavirus and analysis of immune response after their administration to mice
Hrušková, Veronika ; Forstová, Jitka (advisor) ; Roubalová, Kateřina (referee) ; Reiniš, Milan (referee)
Conclusion Humoral and cellular immune responses developed in mice after intranasal delivery of model mouse polyomavirus derived VLPs carrying epitope of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) Model chimeric EGFP-VLPs were purified and used for immunization of mice. Immune response of immunized animals was examined. No specific antibodies against EGFP protein, but high titers of specific antibodies against major structural protein VP1 were developed in the sera of immunized animals. Splenocytes derived from immunized animals secreted IL-2 and IFN-γ after their antigen (EGFP or VP1) restimulation. Proliferation of CD4+, but not CD8+ T cells from immunized mice after the stimulation with both EGFP and VP1 was observed. No EGFP specific cytotoxic activity of splenocytes from immunized mice was detected. The presentation of EGFP-VLPs in the context ofMHC class II was blocked by inhibitors of endo-lysosomal as well as proteasomal compartments. Changes in the numbers of CD25+Foxp3+ subpopulation of CD4+ T cells were observed in the spleens if immunized mice. Chimeric VLPs derived from mouse polyomavirus carrying epitopes of human Bcr-Abl fusion protein (Bcr-Abl VLPs) Chimeric Bcr-Abl VLPs carrying 171 amino acids sequence of Bcr-Abl protein (containing Bcr-Abl breakpoint region) were prepared. Chimeric VLPs...
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Construction of various types of vaccines based on the structural proteins of mouse polyomavirus and analysis of immune response after their administration to mice
Hrušková, Veronika
|Abstract Model mouse polyomavirus like-particles carrying enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP-VLPs) were prepared and used for intranasal immunization of mice. EGFP-VLPs induced strong anti-VP1 but not anti- EGFP antibody production. In vitro restimulation with antigen-pulsed bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) induced remarkable T-cell proliferative response specific for both VP1 and EGFP antigen and IL-2 and IFN-_ production. Surprisingly, no specific cytotoxic activities against VP1 and EGFP proteins were detected. After intranasal administration of EGFP-VLPs, as well as after polyomavirus infection, a moderate reduction of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells was observed in spleens but not in lymph nodes and peripheral blood, suggesting that both MPyV virions and VLPs are able to induce changes in distribution of regulatory T cells. Treatment of EGFP-VLPs pulsed BMDCs with inhibitors of endosomal acidification proved that presentation of peptides on MHCgp class II is dependent on acidic endosomal environment. Substantial decrease of CD4-specific T-cell proliferation in the presence of proteasome inhibitor suggests that MHCgp class II might load VPL-derived peptides processed by proteasomes. Based on the model EGFP-VLPs, mouse polyomavirus-like particles carrying inside a fragment of the Bcr-Abl...
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Questions of anesthesia and perioperative care from patients view
Hrušková, Veronika ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor) ; Valenta, Jiří (referee)
The main purpose of my graduation thesis was find out how informed the patients are in choosing types of anesthesia, its range and restriction. Than I observed an influence of a general nurse on patient's informedness on anesthesia. Main principle of my thesis is an empiric part, where I was caried out a quantative research. Here I bring a result which I obtained from a group of patients of two Prague hospitals. The informedness of patients and their point of view on influence of nurse turned out to be on quite good level there.
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Quality monitoring and testing optimization at line AKD
Kuruc, Lukáš ; Hrušková, Veronika (referee) ; Polsterová, Helena (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with issue of quality monitoring and final product testing at the AKD line. Output of this thesis is calculation of testing time optimization by Weibull distribution. In the beginning reader is familiar with AKD device, what quality management is and ways how to test final products in electrotechnical manufacturing. Main goal of this thesis is to describe differences between testing methods and optimize Burn-In testing method.
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Evaluation of Selected Software Tools for Modeling the Leakage of Hazardous Substances in Accidents in the Chemical Industry
Hrušková, Veronika ; Martincová, Jana Victoria (referee) ; Adamec, Vladimír (advisor)
The thesis is aimed at the modeling of releases of hazardous substances to the designated software tools. The work consists of three parts. The first part is theoretical, which deals with hazardous substances and their legislation, accidents in industry, physical models of leakage and dispersion of hazardous substances and factors influencing their spread in the air and finally software tools. The second part, experimental, describes some software tools and their subsequent modeling. The third part is devoted to the results of modeling and analysis of selected software tools. The aim of the thesis is to analyze selected software tools for modeling the release of hazardous substances, to compare their explanatory power and potential use.
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