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Existential meaning in senior age
Hrdličková, Vladimíra ; Šulová, Lenka (referee) ; Drlíková, Eva (advisor)
This dissertation deals with the meaning of life for the seniors. The theoretical part deals with the phenomenon of old age and the phenomenon of meaning of life in general in its first two chapters. The other two chapters are focused on description of senior population in the Czech Republic and the fin-dings in the area of studying the meaning of life for people in senior age. The empirical part is focused on understanding the meaning of life for seniors, students of the University of the Third Age Courses of Philosophical Faculty of the Charles University in Prague. There is a rightful expectation that the examined phenomenon will be highly fulfilled in this group. A narrative design of the re-search was used for understanding and description of the meaning of life for seni-ors. A story of looking for and finding the meaning of life in the senior age was created on the basis of analysis and interpretation of written texts. The story shows that seniors head for past, present as well as future when looking for the meaning of life. They try to connect their life to past to make one meaningful complex. If they succeed the past becomes an important source of meaning for them. At present seniors focus on meaningful use of their free time, on keeping their autonomy, op-timalization of the social network and on...
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Life without a father: gain and loss
Rašínová, Iva ; Šírová, Eva (referee) ; Drlíková, Eva (advisor)
The number of fatherless families has risen radically due to a high divorce rate and rigid court decisions about custody over children after divorce. Over the last few decades, psychological findings highlight specific contribution of the father to the development of a child. Fatherless families have been focused on by many researchers, trying to identify fields of negative impact of growing up without a father. However, the results are mixed and do not give clear answers, one of the main reasons being the methodological difficulty to control all the important variables such as reason and duration of the father's absence ar availability of surrogate male models. In this study we propose to identify cue areas that absent-father-people view as specific both in a positive and negative sense. The grounded theory method was used to analyze the data gathered by open interviews with people who have never lived with a father or a father surrogate. The following categaries revealed by a coding process are discussed - partner relationships (especially of girls), locus of control, personality of the mother and her educational style and impact of broader family or community.
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Personal assistance in supported living for people with learning disability
Vránová, Jana ; Drlíková, Eva (referee) ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor)
The main topíc of this thesis is assistance in supported living for people with mental retardation. The theoretical part of this essay defines these concepts in the context of the new trends in the care for people with mental retardation. Then we focus on persona! assistent himself; we describe his personality, demands on his professional skills and his approach towards the clients. Then there are introduced some psychological aspects of assistance. We pay attention on motives for this helping profession, on burn-out syndrom and ethical aspects of assistanť s work. The aim of the practical part is to explore the current situation in assistance in Czech republic. The goal of my investigation was to find out using mainly qualitative research methods, who is the typical assistant in supprorted living, why did he choose his profession and how does he experience his work. The results pointed out, that there is a large specific group of young women working in this profession as well the lack of other age groups of assistants and the lack male assistants. The most frequented motives for assistance are the posibility of using the skills obtained by previous education and experience, the meaningfullness of this work and the wish to provide high quality service for mentally handicaped people. Among the least...
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Prevention of using drugs at basic school
Ročňáková, Michala ; Drlíková, Eva (referee) ; Hermochová, Soňa (advisor)
This thesis is focused on prevention activities for children and adolescents in a school background. lt is divided into two parts, theoretical and empirical one. The theoretical section describes actual situation of using drugs (legal and illegal ones) among young people, developmental aspects in motivation and possibilities of preventive activities. There is a chapter, which is concerned of efficient program of prevention. lt includes norms for design ing and providing efficient programs. The theoretical part discusses general prevention basement even prevention in specific school environment. Descriptions of target groups of prevention are included in this section. Special attention is paid to life skills training. Actual state of applied prevention of using drugs among pupils at concrete basic school is discussed in the empirical part. lt is based on qualitative investigation of written materials and focused groups of teachers. Example of own experiences of running programme in the project "Cesta poznání" follows.
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Fatherhood
Zábelková, Anna ; Drlíková, Eva (referee) ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor)
Otcovství je velké téma, které se týká doslova každého člověka. Každý z nás otce má, každý muž se jím může stát, mnoho mužů jím je. Rozdíl je "pouze" v tom, jaké kvality je otcovství, které jsme zažili. Do jaké míry využil muž možnosti otcovské role, do jaké míry naplnil její úkoly. Kvalita otcovství, které jsme jako děti zažili, má dalekosáhlé důsledky v našem životě. Větší, než si běžně uvědomujeme. Kvalita otcovství, které muž dítěti nabízí, značně ovlivňuje ijeho samotného. Už proto má smysl se otcovstvím zabývat a ujasnit si, jakého charakteru jsou a jaký význam mají účinky zažitého otcovství. Které oblasti osobnosti a života člověka otec zasahuje a do jaké míry? Zabývat se otcovstvím právě teď, když probíhá stírání hranic mezi manželskými a rodičovskými postavami, má smysl. Uzákonění registrovaného partnerství homosexuálů je vstupem do veřejné diskuse o tom, zda by mohly homosexuální páry nakonec také vychovávat (adoptovat, umělým oplodněním získávat) děti. Jak budeme moct do této diskuse přispět, pokud si neujasníme, čím je otcovství charakterizováno, zda musí být vázáno na postavu mužskou, nebo zda jde jen o ustálený pojem, který nepopisuje nic specifického, a dobrým otcem může být stejně tak maskulinně se profilující lesba? Když si neujasníme, jaký význam má otcovství z hlediska vývoje dítěte, zda...
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The diagnosis of Asperger syndrome: a pilot study of Czech version ASSQ and ASAS
Krejčířová, Helena ; Šturma, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Drlíková, Eva (referee)
In a theoretical part of the present study we describe history, epidemiology, ethiology, diagnostic classification, diagnostic criteria and clinical features of Asperger syndrome, comorbidity, theory of autism, differential diagnosis and diagnostic methods for the Asperger syndrome. A practical part of this study examines the validity and reliability of two diagnostic schedule - ASSQ - High-functioning Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire/Asperger Syndrome Screening Questionnaire - and ASAS - Australian Scale for Asperger Syndrome. ASSQ and ASAS are checklists for a completion on by lay informants when assessing symptoms characteristic of Asperger syndrome and other high-functioning autism spectrum disorders in children and adolescents with a normal intelligence. Data for the parent and teacher ratings in the samples (sample AUT comprised 42 6- to 16-years-old children (39 boys, 3 girls) with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism, the sample LMD comprised 143 cases (130 boys, 13 girls) with ADHD and leaming disorders and the control group of 163 participants (147 boys, 16 girls) from mainstream schools without any formal diagnosis) are presented along with various measures of reliability and validity. Optimal cut-off scores are estimated by the best ratio of the true positive rate (sensitivity) to...
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