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Medieval churches in Benešov region in the settlement context
Vnoučková, Darina ; Štefan, Ivo (advisor) ; Klír, Tomáš (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis is about relationship between Early- to High Middle Ages settlements and Romanesque and Gothic churches located in the Czech county Benešov. It is also focused on roads and their Early- to High Middle Ages placement that had an impact on the settlement of this region. Pivotal part of this thesis consists of two catalogues: the Catalogue of Archeological Sites and the Catalogue of Churches. The first catalogue provides a summary of all discovered archeological sites with findings from Early Middle Ages to early phase of High Middle Ages. They are supplemented with archeological sites which are located outside of the demarcated area, but are simultaneously closely related to the settlement of the region. Data from the Catalogue of Churches were used to creation of maps which are depicting the settlement of the region in different time periods. The whole picture is completed with evidence from written sources that are closely related to ruler's, catholic church's, early nobility's and later noble families' possession of properties. The second catalogue contains detailed description of all discovered (and assumed) churches from Romanesque and Gothic periods. Information from the catalogue are visualized in maps that picture their construction in different eras. Due to frequent...
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The axe in the Early Middle Ages as a tool, weapon and symbol of the social status
Orgonášová, Ľudmila ; Sláma, Jiří (advisor) ; Štefan, Ivo (referee)
The topic of this thesis is processing of finds of early medieval axes from areas of Moravia and Bohemia, based on accessible publications and is fully supported by this processing in a mater of crafting, but mainly in a matter combat and symbolic use of this versatile tool. The aim of the thesis is to introduce the reader to basic types of Slavic axes, their manufacturing and occurrence in particular localities, but mainly with the context of discovery circumstances and its interpretation with the relations to life of early medieval man. In a small extent, a statement of existing iconographic and written sources is used, mainly in questions that are not sufficiently known from archeological finds and situations.
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Avarian decorative motifs in Avar Khaganat Period and their transformation in Great Moravian epoch.
Nováková, Jana ; Profantová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Štefan, Ivo (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to systematically catalogue main avar decorative motifs, record their development during Great Moravian period and sketch their ties to near-eastern and mediterrean cultures. The basis of this work lies in a catalogue of 10 avar cemeteries, subsequently on the basis of their fund are figured out main categories and subtypes of decorative motifs on avar artifacts. These motifs are in the next part described in detail and compared with parallels belonging to the Great Moravian cultural background. Finally we will focus on symbolism of chosen motifs, try to interpret them and also suggest where the debated motifs originated from. Key words: Avars, Avar period, Great Moravian period, decorative motifs, symbolism, origin of motifs, transformation of motifs
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Settlements in the eastern hinterland of the city of Prague: the villages and transformation of the settlement system (12th-16th centuries).
Košařová, Markéta ; Klír, Tomáš (advisor) ; Štefan, Ivo (referee)
This master thesis is a contribution to the knowledge concerning settlement structures and appearances of villages in the eastern hinterland of medieval Prague. The work focuses on the microregion situated in the basin of the Rokytka stream. Based on archaeological and written sources, contemporary settlement network is reconstructed, inclusive of its transformations taking place between the 12th and 16th centuries. The core section of the thesis includes processes and interpretation of the results revealed during the rescue archaeological excavation in the territory of the deserted medieval village Babice. Considering the microregion within its wider context of Prague hinterland allows evaluating its economic potential and its relation to the High Middle Ages city.
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Development of medieval settlement in the hinterland of stronghold in Praha-Vinoř
Kapic, Matyáš ; Štefan, Ivo (advisor) ; Hasil, Jan (referee)
(in English): The main aim of the presented thesis is to reconstruct the early medieval settlement in the vicinity of the Prague-Vinoř stronghold in as much details as possible and to describe its relation to this central locality. In addition, issues of the general character of this historical landscape are discussed, such as the spatial relationship between the settlement and funeral areas or the stabilization of the settlement network. The work was based on very diverse sources consisting of two phases of large-scale surface prospection and small-scale destructive researches. The obtained data differed greatly in their character, spatial distribution, and reliability, which led to the need to create a model that would allow their interconnection. According to it, specific settlements and burial grounds were defined, which became the basis for solving the issues described above.
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The archaeological evidence of relations between Scandinavia and North-West Russia in the early middle ages
Trusova, Daria ; Košnar, Lubomír (advisor) ; Štefan, Ivo (referee)
This work is devoted to the contacts between North-Western Rus' and Scandinavia in the early Middle Ages. The work pays attention to disclosure of the nature of the Scandinavians stay in the territory of Rus'. This is done through the description and evaluation of the archaeological finds in the most important economic centers along the trade routes of the Middle Ages. Information on research in the territory of Russia and found objects is taken from the modern Russian scientific publications. In the work the modern vision of the presence of Scandinavian immigrants is disclosed. The result is the recognition of northerners as permanent inhabitants in several economic centers along with the Finno- Ugric and Slavic population. Keywords Scandinavia, North-West of Russia, archaeological finds, trade and craft centers, early Middle Ages
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Social structure of Budeč hillfort according to testimony of anthropological remains
Vondrová, Hana ; Štefan, Ivo (advisor) ; Likovský, Jakub (referee)
This thesis aims to assess the social structure of budeč hillfort settlement during the second half of the 9th century to the 10th century in terms of biological anthropology. The first part deals with the processing of skeletal remains from a mass grave "Na Týnici" from the perspective of traumatology. The second part is devoted to anthropologically not assesed burial place around the church of St. Peter, which is the oldest example of the church necropolis in Bohemia. Thesis presents an anthropological analysis of human skeletal remains and their statistical comparison with cemeteries on Budeč hillfort and its hinterland (Zákolany, Na Týnici and Brandýsek) and other early medieval cemeteries in Bohemia and Moravia.
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Luxury "Great Moravian" style jewelery: chronology and distribution of prestigious goods in early medieval society
Porvazníková, Lenka ; Štefan, Ivo (advisor) ; Chorvátová, Hana (referee)
This thesis si focused on several questions about the jewelry of the Great Moravian horizon in Bohemia and Moravia. The first question is the distribution of individual types of luxury Great Moravian jewelry, whether the occurrence is tied to individual sites or the whole range is situated everywhere. The second question concerns the type range of jewelry and the possibility of distinguishing an older range of jewelry in Bohemia and Moravia. The third and final question focuses on the existence of a correlation between age and the amount of jewelery placed in a grave. The purpose of this thesis is to understand the mechanism of distribution of prestigious objects across the early Middle Ages by society. Keywords: archeology, early middle ages, jewelry, Great Moravia, social structure
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Combs in the Middle Age: archaeological-cultural-historical study
Mezuliáníková, Anna ; Štefan, Ivo (advisor) ; Profantová, Naděžda (referee)
(in English) Combs are used as toilet objects for adjustment of hair and beard, or as a decoration of hairstyle all over the world. Combs have also a number of symbolical and magical significances. The aim of this work is a comprehensive view on combs as a one part of medieval material culture. The first part deals with the manufacture of medieval combs, particularly materials used for comb making, manufacturing processes, decoration, the degree of specialization of bone and antler objects manufacturing and manufactures in which bone and antler objects were produced. The second part is applied to the function of combs, evolution of hairstyles in the Middle Ages, symbolical significance and the associated magical significances of human hair and beard and different rituals connected with their cutting and combing. The core of this thesis is analysis, synthesis and interpretation of selected finds of medieval combs from what now is the territory of the Czech Republic. The aim of the analysis, synthesis and interpretation is the comparison of morphology and decoration of combs from different periods of Middle Ages. Chapters, which are devoted to chronology, morphology and typology of medieval combs and social-representational aspects of using combs are largery based on this part.
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