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The care of the airways in the patients hospitalized at the unit care in view of patients
Klozová, Ivana ; Hocková, Jana (advisor) ; Hladká, Petra (referee)
Introduction:The management of patients with a tracheostomy tube is still current. It brings stress situation not only for the patients but also staff who care for them. This issue occurs across all disciplines. The aim of this study was to determine how they feel patients at the care of the tracheotomy while hospitalization of the intensive care unit. Methodology: The research was carried out during 2015 and 2016 at the surgical intensive care unit. The group of respondents consisted of patients with established tracheostomy tube. 80 pieces were distributed questionnaires, 73 patients responded return reached 91.25%. Results: The investigation showed that the comprehensive care of a tracheostomy for patients burdensome and unpleasant. Everyone clearly stated as the most annoying and most exhausting bother them forced to cough. 90,41% of patients reported that their aspiration meets at regular intervals to be able to prepare this fact. All of the respondents perform respiratory physiotherapy and 67.12% felt that they benefit. 95.89% of respondents suffer from a sense of social isolation. 82.19% would welcome the presence of a psychologist at the ICU. Group 80.82% think that it is adequately cared about their tracheostomy during hospitalization and all have the possibility of alternative communication.
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Ebola as a medical and social problem
Gantsetseg, Purevsuren ; Hladká, Petra (advisor) ; Kordulová, Pavla (referee)
Introduction: The aim of bachelor thesis is about the preparedness of health care facilities. The unexpected epidemic of Ebola 2014 in West Africa has become an international concern and the preparedness of health care facilities, prevention and control of this disease have become a major issue of concern. Methodology: For the development of the thesis, we chose a qualitative method, a form of research was an interview. The questions were designed in our own creation. The interview was conducted by epidemiological workers in surveyed health care facilities. The main objective of the research was to determine, what the methodologies in health care facilities are during admission and stay of a patient with Ebola. Results: From our analysis, the survey indicates that the organizational structure of hospital care ensures that patient with Ebola are handled according to the Government decree no. 15/2013 and health care facilities proceed according to the directive for unified procedure. In the development of an extraordinary incident, this is subjected to the International Health regulations in relation to the occurrence of highly dangerous infectious diseases in a health care facility. Another finding is that health professionals are familiar with the procedures in care of an Ebola patient by developed...
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The arterial cannulation in the competence of general practice nurses
Bošnovič, Michal ; Burišková, Klára (advisor) ; Hladká, Petra (referee)
Introduction: Arterial catherer placement by a general nurse at the departments of intensive care, resuscitation and anaesthesiology is still rather exceptional, despite the fact that this competence was defined in our legal system for the first time already in 2004 by the Decree no. 424/2004 Coll. of the Ministry of Health. The authorisation to execute this highly professional operation by a nurse specialised in intensive care is generally not reflected by the employer in the job description, although it might be one of the possible ways to increase the prestige of this profession. Objectives: The main objective of the thesis was to determine the current state in the area of arterial line placement from the perspective of intensive care nurses, to quantify their interest and clarify their readiness to execute the operation. Methodology: The quantitative method of anonymous questionnaire of own design was selected for the research survey. The questionnaire was distributed in electronic way to hospitals established by the Ministry of Health, regional government or private owners. We contacted one large hospital in every region, with the exception of Prague. The research sample consisted of general nurses working at the departments of intensive care, resuscitation and anaesthesiology, who at the same...
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Evidence-based practice in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers in intensive care patients
Příhodová, Markéta ; Di Cara, Veronika (advisor) ; Hladká, Petra (referee)
Pressure ulcers are one of the quality indicators of nursing care, their presence reduces the quality of life of the patient, leads to a prolongation of hospitalization, increases costs of care and affects the budget of a health care facility. European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel or the European Advisory Board on issues of bedsores (EPUAP) leads and supports all European countries in their efforts to prevent and treat pressure sores. EPUAP working group has developed guidelines for the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers. One of the important factors in providing the highest quality of nursing care is the ability of nurses to practically use the research results in the nursing process. This thesis deals with the effective use of the latest advances in the prevention of pressure sores and their treatment in the intensive care in Czech Republic. The main objective of this thesis is to explore the latest methods of prevention of pressure sores and care, according to Evidence-based practice principles EPUAP and analyze their practical implementation in selected intensive care wards. Quantitative research was conducted through an anonymous questionnaire in the population of nurses working in intensive care. The results of the research show that nurses working in intensive care, implement...
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Activities for children with visual disabilities at pre-school age
HLADKÁ, Petra
The sense of sight is an important sense that provides people with the most important information about their environment. This means that every visual disorder has a strong influence on the life of people in a whole range of their activities. Therefore, it is essential to motivate purblind children already in the pre-school age to use their sense of sight in the most effective way. Thanks to a practice stay in two special nursery schools I was given a chance to get acquainted with problems of children with visual disorders. This field of the special pedagogy has interested me and I have decided to deal with it in my thesis called Games for children with visual disorders in pre-school age. The theoretical part opens with the basic fyziology of the organ of sight and the process of perception. The classification of child visual disorders and the education of pre-school visually impaired children are also presented in this chapter. The term "game", the classification of games and their meaning for the education and development of children with visual disorders are discussed as a part of the theory. In the second part of the thesis, physical activities that stimulate the visual perception and enable development of physical and manipulation skills of purblind children are suggested. A set of games covered with the topics "Winter fun" and "Fairy tales" was made for these purposes. The qualitative research method was chosen for the thesis. It enables to describe the proposed games in detail and to evaluate their impact in practice through the method of half-structured interview with teachers from two nursery schools. The last chapter of the thesis concludes with an analysis of the results and the evaluation of the proposed set of games in practice. The research shows that the children with visual disorders in the level of purblindness managed the games without any significant problems. When using appropriate aids and under appropriate safety conditions the children can take part in all physical activities as their intact peers.
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Knowledge of nurses working in intensive and resuscitation care units for comprehensive monitoring of the cardiovascular system
Petruš, Michal ; Hladká, Petra (advisor) ; Maffei Svobodová, Ludmila (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with non-invasive and invasive monitoring of the cardiovascular system, focusing on non-medical health workers. The aim of the work was to analyze the knowledge of non-medical health workers in selected areas of cardiovascular monitoring. The data was obtained in the form of a non- standardized questionnaire created by myself. For the research were selected non-medical health workers working in Prague hospitals in coronary units and postoperative cardiac surgery units. The total number of respondents who participated in the research was 108. The results of the survey revealed that non-medical staff are relatively well versed in the issue of cardiovascular monitoring. A rather surprising finding was that most respondents did not use foreign literature to study cardiovascular monitoring. As part of the comparison of the respondents, the better knowledge of cardiovascular monitoring was presented in non-medical staff of the Department of Postoperative Cardiac Surgery. Compared in relation to the highest educational attainment, university graduates have demonstrated a higher level of knowledge than others. Based on achieved data, it was created a study text for newcomers, which contains basic information for better orientation in the given issue. keywords: cardiovascular...
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Verticalization of patients with peripheral ECMO in terms of nursing care
Křenková, Karolína ; Hladká, Petra (advisor) ; Pražáková, Zuzana (referee)
INTRODUCTION: ECMO is an increasingly popular method of support used in cases with severe respiratory or circulatory failure. Treatment is often associated with significant immobilization of the patient, which may take up to several weeks, resulting in deterioration of physical fitness, extending lenght of hospitalization, and a return back to normal life is very difficult. In recent years, however, efforts have been made to enable mobilization even to those patients who may be conscious, in order to maintain their muscle power. OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY: The aim of this thesis was to obtain information about nurses' experience with mobilisation of patients treated by extracorporal membrane oxygenation, to evaluate an occurrence of the most frequent barriers that prevent them from mobilizing paticents and to evaluate differences in nursing attitude among the addressed workplaces. The research was carried out in the form of a questionnaire of my own creation. The research sample consisted of nurses working in Intensive Care Units under cardiocenters in the Czech Republic where the ECMO method is used. RESULTS: Mobilization and active rehabilitation of patients with peripheral ECMO is very rare practice in the Czech Republic. In 4 out of 6 departments respondents reported that patients with ECMO are...
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The life quality of patiens with the permanent cardiacstimulator
Sládková, Natálie ; Vaňková, Milena (advisor) ; Hladká, Petra (referee)
Background: The bachelor thesis deals with quality of life of patients with implanted pacemaker. After implantation of the pacemaker there are significant changes that affect the quality of life of patients. The theoretical part analyzes the issue of cardiostimulation, the area of quality of life is also devoted. Last but not least, the theoretical part is focused on the quality of life of patients with implanted pacemaker. Objectives: The main research goal is to map the quality of life of patients with an implanted pacemaker. On the basis of the main research goal, partial research goals are mapped, the patient's view of changes in psychic experience and the patient's view of his / her physical condition and functional status, as well as the opinion of the patient with an implanted pacemaker on his / her social area. Last but not least, they analyze how a patient with an implanted pacemaker evaluates education and information on cardiac stimulation. Methods: The research was conducted on the basis of a qualitative approach. Data collection was conducted using semi-structured interviews with six patients. The research sample was selected on a purposeful and random basis using the snowball method. The interviews were uploaded, overwritten, and then analyzed by open encoding. Results: Patients with...
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Nursing care of the patient after gastric bypass for morbid obesity
Miksová, Jana ; Hejtmánková, Lenka (advisor) ; Hladká, Petra (referee)
Bachelor thesis is focused on treatment options for morbid obesity, particularly surgical methods of treatment. The aim of bariatric surgery is to achieve substantial and complete cure of comorbidities when sick morbid obesity occured. The main objective is to demonstrate the patient with morbid obesity solved by Minigastric bypass and uncomplicated course of hospitalization. The first partial objective is to monitor the influence of the force motivation during recovery, followed by development. The second partial objective is to monitor the success of the surgery. These data are obtained through interview, observation and analysis of patient¨s medical records. For the solving case study the nursing model Marjory Gordon was used. The phases of the nursing process will be carried out from case history, followed by setting the goals, intervention, implementation and evaluation of the overall care plan. During my practice and after writing my bachelor thesis I came to the conclusion that the motivation, support of loved ones and positive attitude toward accepting herself with accepting the new lifestyle, is essential for successful undergoing this type of surgery and the further development. The prevention of the obesity with the projects focused on solving this obesity issue before it happens, which...
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