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Chicana Literature: A Feminist Perspective of Gloria Anzaldua's Identity Politics
Jiroutová Kynčlová, Tereza ; Nováková, Soňa (advisor) ; Veselá, Pavla (referee) ; Rohrleitner, Marion Christina (referee)
Chicana Literature: A Feminist Perspective of Gloria Anzaldúa's Identity Politics Doctoral Thesis Mgr. et Mgr. Tereza Jiroutová Kynčlová 2017 ABSTRACT In the analyses executed in the present doctoral thesis, Chicana literary production emerges as a complex example of a strategic and reflexive instrumentalization of literature in the form of a political and activist tool contributing to Chicanas' gender and cultural emancipation on the one hand. On the other hand, within the Chicana/o context, literature is employed for perfecting the politics of recognition of the marginalized nation typified by the specificity of its geographic, cultural, and social location on the U.S.-Mexico border where a plethora of socially constructed categories interact and intersect. The doctoral thesis further provides a gender analysis of literary representations of Chicana/o lived experience by Chicana feminist writers in general and by Gloria Anzaldúa in particular, and investigates how these representations help shape feminist thought not only in relation to the U.S.-Mexico borderlands, but within and beyond the United States. Moreover, the thesis supplies an interpretation of Anzaldúa's reconceptualization of the border concept as a pertinent means for comprehending Chicanas'/os' socio-cultural context and for forging a...
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Ethical issues of care for the dying in a hospital
Váňová, Věra ; Haškovcová, Helena (advisor) ; Heřmanová, Jana (referee) ; Holmerová, Iva (referee)
V disertační práci se věnuji etickým problémům, se kterými se setkávají zdravotníci při péči o umírající nemocné. první kapitole přibližuji problematiku péče o umírající pacienty, předkládám pohled do historie péče o umírající a zaměřuji se na klíčová kriteria při péči o umírající, kterými jsou potřeby nemocných. druhé kapitole popisuji metodologickou část kvalitativního výzkumu, kterého se zúčastnilo 15 sester ze standardních oddělení, jednotky intenzivní péče a anesteziologicko resuscitačního oddělení Nemocnice Na Bulovce. Cílem výzkumného šetření bylo, prostřednictvím rozhovorů se sestrami, vyhledat a popsat etické problémy, se kterými se setkávají sestry při péči o umírající kontextu tří různých prostředí a v konkrétních situací Ve třetí kapitole uvádím komentované výsledky rozhovorů, ze kterých vyplynulo, že se sestry zamýšlejí nad ochranou lidského života v jeho kvalitou, dystanázií, marnou léčbou, rozdílem mezi ponecháním pacienta zemřít a eutanázií, autonomií, lidskou důstojností a poskytováním paliativní péče. Jednotlivé podkapitoly se skládají z teoretického zarámování a jsou doplněny o výpovědi respondentek výzkumného šetření a rozšířeny o můj komentář. Hlavním zjištěním je, že dotazované sestry trpí tzv. morálním distresem, který ovšem prezentují především v sérii konkrétních výhrad...
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Modelling of Ultracold Gases in Multidimensional Optical Lattices
Urbanek, Miroslav ; Soldán, Pavel (advisor) ; Opatrný, Tomáš (referee) ; Veis, Libor (referee)
Title: Modelling of Ultracold Gases in Multidimensional Optical Lattices Author: Miroslav Urbanek Department: Department of Chemical Physics and Optics Supervisor: doc. Ing. Pavel Soldán, Dr. Abstract: Optical lattices are experimental devices that use laser light to confine ultracold neutral atoms to periodic spatial structures. A system of bosonic atoms in an optical lattice can be described by the Bose-Hubbard model. Although there exist powerful analytic and numerical methods to study this model in one dimension, their extensions to multiple dimensions have not been as successful yet. I present an original numerical method based on tree tensor networks to simulate time evolution in multidimensional lattice systems with a focus on the two-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model. The method is used to investigate phenomena accessible in current experiments. In particular, I have studied phase collapse and revivals, boson expansion, and many-body localization in two-dimensional optical lattices. The outcome of this work is TEBDOL - a program for modelling one-dimensional and two-dimensional lattice systems. Keywords: Bose-Hubbard model, multidimensional system, optical lattice, tensor network
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Protection of Investments in Gas Sector: The Perspectives of Legal Relations between the European Union and the Russian Federation
Lyapina, Elmira ; Šturma, Pavel (advisor) ; Balaš, Vladimír (referee) ; Stehlík, Václav (referee)
The absence of a relevant legal basis between huge commercial partners such as the EU as a single entity and the Russian Federation promoted the emergence of a legal vacuum. The long term cooperation between Russia and the EU has only one bilateral agreement - the Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation signed in 1994, which is however obsolete, and does not meet the contemporary needs. The adequate legal basis for Russia-EU cooperation in the gas sector is still missing. The protection of investments in the gas sector is being realized by bilateral agreements between Russia and EU member states, soft law and general international agreements, without any specifications for those two partners. The only international instrument covering the energy relations of these two partners - Energy Charter Treaty cannot be considered as a reliable mechanism, as Russia withdrew from it more than 8 years ago. The reasons of the withdrawal and the Yukos case as an illustrative example are discussed in this paper. In order to avoid uncertainty in such strategic area as gas investment relations and unpredictable decisions between the states represented by the commercial entities, there is a need to design a substantive legal basis, and a need to consider on the adequate dispute resolution body. In this thesis, key...
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The World of Cosmas. The Image of Political Nation in the Oldest Czech Chronicle
Kopal, Petr ; Hošna, Jiří (advisor) ; Bláhová, Marie (referee) ; Téra, Michal (referee)
The world of Cosmas. The image of political nation in the oldest Czech chronicle This work focuses on the image of the political nation in the oldest Czech chronicle - Chronica Boemorum (The Chronicle of Czechs) by Cosmas, "the first Czech historian" [Robert Bartlett, University of St Andrews: "Bohemia made a spectacular debut in this respect with Cosmas of Prague, whose vivid prose style, gifts of powerful characterization and ability to convey action, and the occasional personal touches he allows (such as the yearning picture of his long-gone student days) make him not only a vital historical source for the Premyslid lands but also one of the great writers of the Middle Ages. He initiated a tradition which continued, with peaks and plateaux, throughout the Premyslid period, and this was important, for a native historical tradition was one of the marks of a Latin Christian society."] Cosmas' Chronicle (The Chronicle of Czechs) is part of the context of "national history". Cosmas wrote a scholarly, entertaining, but also politically committed work, presenting a "national program" of sorts. This was no Czech specialty - when we think of Europe in the 11th and 12th century, we see a garden of sprouting new nations, the medieval "spring of nations". The first national states, with clear territorial...
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Grammaticalization potentiel of the anaphoric ten in spoken narative discourse
Zíková, Magdalena ; Friedová, Mirjam (advisor) ; Nedolužko, Anna (referee) ; Berger, Tilman (referee)
In my Ph.D. thesis, I examine the use of referential devices in spoken narrative discourse with predominant anaphoric reference. Special attention is paid to the relationship between two competing forms: lexical phrases containing the lexeme ten (ten-MARKED NPs) and lexical phrases not containing it (UNMARKED NPs) in repeated mentions. A primary aim of the work is (i) to identify factors favouring the use of ten-marked NPs at the expense of unmarked NPs and (ii) to explore the possibility of the lexeme ten grammaticalizing from its anaphoric use. Theoretically and methodologically I benefit mostly from the conception of discourse anaphora and the theory of grammaticalization. The referential devices are systematically explored in terms of their distribution into different classes according to a set of parameters and their values. These parameters reflect the conceptual (animacy), grammatical (syntactic function, type of clause etc.) as well as discourse characteristics of the forms and their referents (informational status of the NP in the clause, activation and persistence of the referent, etc.). The data consist of 45 short narratives produced by 15 speakers. The speakers' task was to retell three short silent-movie sketches which they had seen immediately before the recording. The design of the...
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Designing and testing of new metal nanosubstrates for biomolecular sensors based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy
Peksa, Vlastimil ; Procházka, Marek (advisor) ; Matějka, Pavel (referee) ; Richter, Ivan (referee)
Title: Designing and testing of new metal nanosubstrates for biomolecular sensors based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy Author: Vlastimil Peksa Department: Institute of Physics of Charles University Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Marek Procházka, Ph.D., Institute of Physics of Charles University Abstract: This experimental methodical work was aimed at the optimization of selected gold and silver substrates and their use in construction of SERS-based biosensors, including following practical application. Several types of substrates, fabricated via a combination of bottom-up techniques on solid surfaces, were tested. The properties of these substrates were examined with probe molecules, namely methylene blue, porphyrins and tryptophan, on a confocal Raman microspectrometer. Obtained findings about the influence of analyte application, objective focusing and internal intensity standard were exploited for optimization of measurement procedures with regard to sensitivity, accuracy and reproducibility. A method for quantitative detection of food dye azorubine (E 122) in commercially available drinks was developed, based on these findings. Its results have shown its potential as a pre-scan method for field application and preliminary testing. Keywords: Metal nanosubstrates, biomolecules,...
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Reconstructing Nuclear Deviance: Stigma Politics and the Rules of Nonproliferation Game
Smetana, Michal ; Hynek, Nikola (advisor) ; Eichler, Jan (referee) ; Grzelczyk, Virginie (referee)
In this dissertation, my aim is to unpack the relationship between deviant behavior and normative change in global nuclear politics. I draw on the interactionist approach in sociology to conceptualize "stigma politics" as an interactive, dynamic process of the social construction of deviance in international affairs. I connect these insights with contemporary IR theories on norm contestation to theorize the way how (re)constructions of deviance contest and affirm boundaries of appropriate behavior in social orders. I employ this theoretical perspective to study the (re)constructions of "nuclear deviance" in global nuclear order, and the dynamics of norms and rules in the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty regime.
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Reception of Strategic Economic Narratives: Case Study of the Kenyan News Discourse.
Řehák, Vilém ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Horáková, Hana (referee) ; Záhořík, Jan (referee)
Strategic narrative is a communicative tool for political elites to construct a shared meaning to the international politics, to articulate state's interests, to change the discursive environment, and to shape the behaviour of other actors. It has three different dynamics, which proceed simultaneously and reinforce each other: formation of the narrative within the given state, its projection in the international arena, and its reception in other states. Theory of strategic narratives fits well into the framework of new regionalism, which tries to analyse relations between the processes of globalization, globalism, regionalization, and regionalism. Until recently, such analyses were conducted from state-level and positivist perspective. As a result, the dimension of reception remained understudied. The presented thesis is an attempt to fill this gap. It analyses global political economy from the interpretivist constructivist perspective: it uses the leading local newspaper as a data sources and analyses media (news) discourse as one form of a broad societal discourse. Such an analysis can help us to analyse how local society assesses and reacts to strategic narratives and their internalization or rejection by local elites. In my thesis, I focus on narratives of the three superpowers (the US, the EU,...
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