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Thermoregulation in ant genus Formica, an individual vs. colony conflict
Kadochová, Štěpánka ; Frouz, Jan (advisor) ; Dauber, Jens (referee) ; Domisch, Timo (referee)
This thesis deals with thermoregulation in red wood ants, in Formica rufa group. Our aim was to better understand the mechanisms by which red wood ants maintain thermal homeostasis in their nests. Red wood ants are known to keep high and stable temperatures in their nests from spring to autumn. Most emphasis is placed on the role of the nest mound as a solar collector or on a heat production by microbial community present in the nest material. However, some researchers believe that wood ants are able of active nest thermoregulation in which they can affect the nest temperature by behavioural reactions, mainly by sun basking, increased metabolic heat production or heat transport. The thesis consists of three research articles. The first one is focused on the timing of thermoregulation in red wood ants, the second one investigates in more detail one specific aspect of red wood ant thermoregulation - a sun basking behaviour. These two papers provide data from long-term field observations and experiments. The last paper is based on laboratory experiments where we tested a hypothesis resulting from field observations. Thanks to the field research we found out that ant activity (traffic on ant trails) significantly correlates with nest temperature; once the activity decreased the thermal homeostasis...
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Circadian regulation of body temperature
Knobloch, František ; Bendová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Horníková, Daniela (referee)
This thesis addresses the topic of circadian control of body temperature, a key aspect for understanding the temporal regulation of the body and its influence on physiological processes. Temperature is a strong signal that is under the strict control of the thermoregulatory system, which very effectively prevents major fluctuations even under non-standard conditions. Although the daily rhythm in body temperature oscillates within a very narrow range, it is an important information for all the cells of our body, which contributes to their coordinated functioning. This thesis synthesizes the available knowledge on how the circadian system creates this rhythm and how temperature and factors that influence body temperature may in turn enter into the temporal regulation of our body. The aim is to contribute to a better understanding of the dynamics between the circadian system and thermoregulation, and to highlight the many bidirectional connections that may overlap with countless other physiological processes.
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Effect of cold on humans from the perspective of physiology and ecology
Chvojková, Anna ; Hora, Martin (advisor) ; Oplt, Pavla Alexia (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of cold and its effect on humans. The aim of the thesis is to compare how much different factors such as body proportions, amount of brown adipose tissue (BAT), age or sex influence the physiological response to cold. According to the available literature, the physiological response to cold is mainly dependent on body proportions and the amount of BAT, while factors such as age and sex are not as significantly reflected in the response. The second aim is to inspect whether ecogeographic rules also apply to human populations with a special focus on one Arctic population - the European Sami. Sami have, as predicted by ecogeographic rules, a broad trunk and short limbs, which limits heat loss. The last goal of the thesis is to clarify the possible use of cold exposure in healthcare and sports physiotherapy. Cold therapy could help with the treatment of inflammatory diseases, obesity, depression, or muscle recovery. However, further application of cold therapy in medical practice requires a thorough study of the mechanisms by which cold affects specific diseases and the definition of optimal conditions under which cold therapy is effective.
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The effect of cold exposure on regeneration in skeletal muscle
Novotná, Veronika ; Kašík, Petr (advisor) ; Vašek, Daniel (referee)
Cold is a stressful stimulus to which the body responds with an extensive physiological response, making it important to understand its complex effects. Skeletal muscle is an important thermoregulatory organ and helps maintain a constant body temperature by both shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis. At the same time, it has a considerable regenerative capacity that is modulated by the inflammatory immune response. This paper summarizes the effects of cold on skeletal muscle regeneration and the inflammatory response that is triggered after intense exercise or skeletal muscle injury. The inflammatory response is essential for the successful completion of skeletal muscle regeneration, and if it is impaired, it can have a negative effect on muscle tissue recovery. The balance between the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory phases of the immune response, which is determined by the presence of specific immune cell populations and cytokine release, is crucial. Cold exposure is generally accepted as an effective strategy to improve skeletal muscle regeneration, but the molecular basis of this effect is not fully understood, and thus the observation of the effect of cold on skeletal muscle regeneration is still a actual topic. Keywords: cold exposure, inflammation, skeletal muscle, regeneration,...
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Health aspects and risks of hardening
HLASOVÁ, Barbora
This bachelor's thesis on the topic "Health Aspects and Risks of Cold Adaptation" consists of two parts. The first part is theoretical, where the history of cold water immersion is described along with some significant personalities and cold water therapy societies associated with both historical and contemporary contexts. Various methods and techniques for cold adaptation are presented, and specific principles for cold water immersion are detailed. Additionally, the thesis explains how the human body responds to cold, what it's defense mechanisms it has and how the human thermoregulation works. The theoretical part also covers the impact of cold adaptation on individual organ systems, the positive effects of cold water immersion and potential risks associated with it. Lastly, first aid measures for potential complications are mentioned. The second part of the bachelor's thesis focuses on practical research conducted qualitatively using non-standardized questionnaires with open-ended questions targeted to knowledge and potential experiences related to cold water immersion. The study included three groups of respondents: paramedics, long-term cold wate swimmers, and members of the general public. The main goal of the research was to understand the opinions of these respondent groups regarding cold water immersion, its benefits, associated risks and awareness of potential solutions to issues that may arise. After analyzing the data, it was found that the majority of respondents from all three groups recognize significant benefits of cold adaptation but at the same time they are also aware of the risks that may arise and know their solutions. This bachelor's thesis can be beneficial for anyone considering lifestyle changes, building better immunity, and supporting their health. It can serve as a guide for beginners while also providing useful information for experienced cold water swimmers.
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Thermal comfort and its estimation
Žáková, Monika ; Vondra, Vlastimil (referee) ; Nováková, Zuzana (advisor)
This paper summarizes the problems of human thermoregulation and its measurement, with a focus on the method of indirect calorimetry in resting conditions at different ambient temperatures and during physical activity. It also introduces the issue of human thermal comfort and the methodology of its monitoring using thermal manikin. It describes PowerCube Ergo (Ganshorn, Germany) and Cardiovit AT-104 (Schiller, Switzerland), the diagnostic devices used to spiro-ergometry measurements. It introduces the options to export data. The work proposes the protocol for measuring the thermoregulation of the small group of volunteers, which is realized by the practical part. According to the same protocol is monitored thermal comfort of the thermal manikin. In MATLAB is created the application, allowing clear analysis of measurement records. The data are evaluated and discussed.
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Local Control of Seat Ventilation and Its Impact on Human Thermal Comfort
Matuška, Jaroslav ; Toma, Róbert (referee) ; Fišer, Jan (advisor)
Diplomová práce je zaměřena na měření ventilovaného sedadla s ohledem na tepelný komfort člověka. Popisuje a shrnuje tepelný přenos lidského těla s okolím a termoregulaci člověka. Dále zachycuje a zhodnocuje vybrané přístupy hodnocení tepelného komfortu. Zabývá se komplexním přehledem tepelně komfortních jednotek v automobilu. Představuje použitou metodu měření tepelného komfortu u ventilovaného sedadla, načež analyzuje a vyhodnocuje jednotlivá získaná data.
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Extension of Intelligent Home by Thermoregulation Control
Köszegy, Lukáš ; Hájek, Josef (referee) ; Viktorin, Jan (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the integration of the heat regulator VPT made by the company Thermona into the system for intelligent home control called BeeeOn. In the theoretical part, the most specific components of BeeeOn system and heat regulator VPT are described. The most important part of this thesis consists of the design and implementation. It focuses on gather values measured by the VPT regulator by means of the HTTP protocol. The measured values are provided in a separate JSON data file. In these parts there are also described the necessary elements, which have to be integrated into the BeeeOn system and VPT regulator.
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Module for Electrodermal Activity recording
Vičar, Tomáš ; Harabiš, Vratislav (referee) ; Bubník, Karel (advisor)
This thesis describes electrodermal activity (EDA) and its origin based on the properties of the skin and thermoregulation of body. EDA is a signal having a close relationship to psychophysiology and its help we can evaluate a variety of emotional, motoric and attentional effects on the human organism. The thesis also discusses the possibility of sensing skin potential and conductatce and how to construct a module for its scanning and uploading to computer.
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