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Christ's Sacrifice: a Paradigm of Life as the True Worship
Sluková, Jana ; Ryšková, Mireia (advisor) ; Matějec, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of the work is to present Christ's sacrifice as an example and model for the Christian life on the basis of the study of biblical texts. The thesis is divided into chapters, the first of which discusses what a sacrifice is, what it is for, what its character may be, and how worship in the Old and New Testaments is related to the offering of sacrifice. The second chapter focuses on Old Testament sacrifices, the development of sacrificial rites, the handling of sacrificial gifts, and explains the meaning of sacrifices offered to God in the Old Testament. The third chapter gives attention to the prefigurations of Christ's sacrifice in the Old Testament, and the fourth deals in detail with Jesus' sacrifice, which begins with his incarnation and culminates in his death on the cross. The fifth chapter looks to the New Testament letters and psalms for concrete ways to follow Jesus in daily life. Christ is the pattern and image after which man was created. He took on human flesh to serve people and to show them in himself what a life focused on the good of others looks like. The Christian is called to follow Christ and has a chance to do so the more deeply he understands the meaning of his sacrifice. This is what the work seeks to contribute to.
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Sacrifice and initiation in the myths of Ódinn
Kozák, Jan ; Chlup, Radek (advisor) ; Antalík, Dalibor (referee) ; Starý, Jiří (referee)
This dissertation deals with the interpretation of four myths from early medieval Scandinavia, in which the main role is played by the god Óðinn. All four myths narrate how he achieved a state of permanent increase of his numinous knowledge. Based on the fact that the outcome of all of the narratives is the acquisition of the Mead of Poetry (or its equivalent), they can be percieved as "four reports on the same event". The analysis of myths itself has been executed in two steps: firstly the separate inquiry of the two more central myths and introduction of the other two followed by thorough analysis of the four together. All four myths demonstrate to a certain degree a presence of motifs and structures associated with the religious phenomena of sacrifice and initiation. By the means of said analysis the study reviews the systematic relations of the sacrificial and initiatory structures and postulates a common core which is subsequently named "monomyth".
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It is ethical to kill himself?
KALIVODOVÁ, Kristina
The thesis deals with a problem whether it is ethical to end one´s own life. It reflects various situations where life is at stake, such as suicide, self-killing, martyrdom and euthanasia. The thesis is structured to reflect individual phenomena. In the same time, it opines about suicide problems from a point of view of social work and it describes how an individual with suicidal tendencies can be helped.
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Self-devotion women motive showed in the "Breaking the waves" script
Jelínková, Jarmila ; Knotková - Čapková, Blanka (advisor) ; Kolářová, Kateřina (referee)
Jarmila Jelínková - Self-devotion women motive showed on the "Breaking the waves" scenerply Abstract The article analyzes the character of Bess in the script of Lars von Trier and Vivian Nielsen's drama Breaking the Waves. The portrayal of Bess' behavior, life, and relationships to her husband, the church and God are interpreted from the perspective of feminist theology as introduced by Isabel Carter Heyward. The main message of the play is the parallel to Jesus' sacrifice of pure altruism leading towards physical self-destruction; other possible interpretations offered in the article are the images of self-sacrifice as a type of mystical obsession or as a type of internalized manipulation conveyed by means of discursive power. Keywords: faith in God, self-sacrifice, power, freedom, feminist theology, Lars vor Trier, Vivian Nielsen.
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Religous-political Aspects of Culture of Martyrdom in the Islamic Republic of Iran
Čech, Libor ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Hyánková, Tereza (referee) ; Kašpar, Oldřich (referee)
The presented doctoral thesis examines character and significance of the culture of martyrdom (farhang-e shahadat) in contemporary Iranian society with a particular emphasis on delimitation religious-political dimension of this phenomenon and determination of causes and implications of relatively recent reinterpretation which has radically shifted this culture from the religious-spiritual sphere to the political-ideological and even revolutionary. On the one hand, the thesis deals with a complex view of mechanism and manners of the utilization of the Karbala paradigm as the instrument for formulation of politically (and otherwise) motivated aims by different spectres of power structures of the ruling establishment and diverse oppositional social movements and on the other hand it reflects its apolitical standpoint associated with a spiritual experience of believers, which proceeds from the popular religion. These aspects of the political and religious boundary of the culture of martyrdom are examined in detail and given in the context of current socio-political reality. The thesis also strives for presenting of arguments founded on the premise which defines the culture of martyrdom as an essential source for constructing of identities and strengthening of solidarity among Iranian Imami Shi'ites,...
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