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The effect of a low carbohydrate diet on the compensation of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Sedlářová, Lenka ; Sucharda, Petr (advisor) ; Sadílková, Aneta (referee)
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insulin resistance and several secondary complications. The prevalence of patients is constantly increasing, and thus the effort to improve the quality of therapy, new findings, and procedures capable of being applied in clinical practice are sought. Patients live with the disease for a long time, and the purpose of treatment is to improve the quality of life of diabetics and delay the onset of associated health complications. A combination of regimen measures is essential for successful treatment. Dietary measures in the form of a low-carbohydrate diet are still a popular choice of dietary options among diabetics. The aim of the practical part of the work was to prove the positive effect of a low- carbohydrate diet on T2D compensation. The primary objective was to demonstrate a significant reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients who eat or have eaten according to the principles of a low-carbohydrate diet for at least 12 months. Secondary objectives were set as follows: reduction of relative weight (BMI), reduction of pharmacotherapy and/or reduction of daily doses of antidiabetic drugs, reduction of fasting blood glucose and improvement of the lipid spectrum. The research group included patients from the...
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Determination of glycohemoglobin by HPLC method
KUNÍKOVÁ, Martina
This bachelor thesis deals with the determination of the glycated hemoglobin by the HPLC method at two analyzers D-10 from the company Bio-Rad. The sample values for the internal control quality were measured and evaluated for two devices in the period from November 2019 to March 2020 in this bachelor thesis. The regular verification of the method was realized for both analyzers. The SEKK samples were measured in the planned survey of external quality assesment SEKK Compensation of diabetes KD 1/20. The regular comparation of both analyzers was performed by the measurement of laboratory samples once in the month. Overall 50 samples were measured in this period. The results of this bachelor thesis are part of a monitoring of the laboratory determination quality control and they are the base for the improving of the work quality in the laboratory and the base for the increase of the effectiveness of the laboratory's quality management system. Key words
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Affect of bariatric treatment of diabetes compensation
Zemčáková, Simona ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Mráz, Miloš (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with problems of obesity, diabetes mellitus and subsequent medical complications. We will focus on topic of obesity in the theoretical part. Obesity has become a global epidemic. In this thesis we will focus on the treatment of obesity and the follow up topic of diabetes mellitus in great detail. Diabetes mellitus counts as a disease of obesity. Diabetes mellitus causes grave illness when we do not keep to regime measures. Successful changes lifestyle, eating habits and increased physical activity have a positive impact on the health of the patient. If these measure do not help to improve the patient's health, then we turn to surgical treatment. We will compare the affect of different methods with metabolic parameters. The 54 patients participated in the scientific research, there of 33 diabetics and 21 nondiabetics. It was caused by a significiant decrease in weight reduction in both groups. The method of gastric bypass showed the biggest affect in weight reduction by group of diabetics. The weight loss is 32,6 kg after two years. The method of sleeve gastrectomy reduced blood glucose the best in the years after the surgical intervetion. From blood glucose 7,27 mmol/l to 5,62 mmol/l. The same method has a good affect in decrease of glycated hemoglobin. From 6,09 % to...
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Physical activity education of individuals with type 2 diabetes
Ludvíčková, Dana ; Majorová, Simona (advisor) ; Malá, Michaela (referee)
Title: Physical education of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the effect of physical education of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus cured in diabetologic outpatient clinic of Genereal University Hospital in Prague. The physical education was focused on nordic walking. Methods: Eight patients of diabetological outpatient clinic were chosen by the doctor for this survey. The physical examination was carried out with seven patients. It involved anthropometrical measurements (weight, waist circumference) and blood collection for biochemical parameters assessment (glycemia, glycated hemoglobin). Two-minute step test was chosen for assessment of subject's physical fitness. Results: The physical activity education of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus doesn't increase the amount of their physical activity. The physical activity of type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals is rather low as well as their exercise adherence. Nordic walking exercise program can improve anthropometrical parametres (weight, waist circumference) and can reduce HbA1c levels. Lower health-related quality of life in physical and physological aspects wasn't proved in type 2 diabetes patients. Key words: nordic walking, physical activity, type 2 diabetes management,...
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The effect of regular physical activity on a long-term control of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Schöppelová, Lucie ; Pelcl, Tomáš (advisor) ; Prázný, Martin (referee)
Introduction: Physical activity should be part of our everyday life. However, for people with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus it is the most common cause of hypoglycemia. To control diabetes in the right way, it is therefore necessary to follow certain rules and recommendations that help preventing hypoglycemia while the physical activity remains beneficial at the same time. Aim of the work: The main aim of this study is to clarify the influence of physical activity in connection to long-term control of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: 102 respondents with diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the age of 19-69 years participated in a quantitative analysis. This research was conducted in a form of multicentric examination at two independent medical centers. The data collection was done through questionnaires focused on physical activity and daily regime. The data from questionnaires were then compared to the values of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), HDL cholesterol and the total daily dose of insulin of certain patients. For statistical evaluation, analytical tools of Microsoft Office program were used (F-test and t-test). Results: We found correlation between HbA1C values in patients physically active for less than 2 hours/week compared to those who are physically active for more than 2 hours/week (62,72...
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Effectiveness of variety dietary approaches in the therapy of type 2 diabetes
Šindelář, Miloslav ; Krejčí, Hana (advisor) ; Sadílková, Aneta (referee)
Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic disease, ranking as one of the most leading causes of death in the world. This condition causes a substantial increase in the total cost of healthcare and decreases the quality of life of hundreds of millions of people around the world. Despite all preventive measures and the rise of healthcare quality, the total number of patients with diabetes is increasing. There are several types of diabetes distinguished, however, most cases (90 %) are diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although diabetes is genetically predisposed, we are able to modify the risk and treatment with our lifestyle. It turns out that the diet plays a crucial role in therapy, even in possible remission of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to objectively and critically compare dietary approaches which are used in type 2 diabetes therapy. On the basis of 10 RCT studies analysis, which were published between 2011-2021, it emerges that there are several dietary approaches showing effectivness in terms of their ability to reduce levels of glycated hemoglobin, lower medication intake, reduce weight and even to induce complete or partial remission in patients with type 2 diabetes. Results of this work show that the effective dietary approaches are low-carb diet, low-fat diet,...
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Influence of education on diet adjustment and composition in obese patients without diabetes mellitus and with diagnosis of diabetes mellitus
Filipová, Tereza ; Vařeka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mikeš, Ondřej (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the connection between incorrectly adjusted nutrition, obesity and the values of glycemia and glycated hemoglobin. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to confirm the effect of nutritional education on diet modification, and thus on weight reduction and body composition adjustment in obese individuals with diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and without diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Methods: For the purposes of the research were selected clients of Centrum výživy s.r.o. situated in Prague 2 with overweight or obesity. The total research group consisted of 42 probands, 32 women and 10 men. All of them were older than 18 years have BMI above 24,9 kg/m2 . Initially, all probands were subjected to bioelectrical impedance analysis on a Tanita BC-418 MA to analyse body composition and actual body weight. Subsequently, the waist circumference was measured with 150 cm long tape. Laboratory testing was performed on all probands. During the 60-minute long consultation were discussed probands current eating habits and their current healt situation, physical acitivity and prefered foods were obtained using a questionnaire survey. Based on this informations were made nutrition recommendations for each of the probands, which he has to follow for next 6 moths. Once a month were performer...
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Physical activity education of individuals with type 2 diabetes
Ludvíčková, Dana ; Majorová, Simona (advisor) ; Malá, Michaela (referee)
Title: Physical education of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the effect of physical education of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus cured in diabetologic outpatient clinic of Genereal University Hospital in Prague. The physical education was focused on nordic walking. Methods: Eight patients of diabetological outpatient clinic were chosen by the doctor for this survey. The physical examination was carried out with seven patients. It involved anthropometrical measurements (weight, waist circumference) and blood collection for biochemical parameters assessment (glycemia, glycated hemoglobin). Two-minute step test was chosen for assessment of subject's physical fitness. Results: The physical activity education of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus doesn't increase the amount of their physical activity. The physical activity of type 2 diabetes mellitus individuals is rather low as well as their exercise adherence. Nordic walking exercise program can improve anthropometrical parametres (weight, waist circumference) and can reduce HbA1c levels. Lower health-related quality of life in physical and physological aspects wasn't proved in type 2 diabetes patients. Key words: nordic walking, physical activity, type 2 diabetes management,...
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Obesity and type 1 diabetes mellitus
Zábranská, Klára ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Sadílková, Aneta (referee)
Even though patients with the diabetes mellitus type 1 disease were considered slim individuals, the occurrence of overweight and obesity is a more common issue which is not given enough attention. Thus, the topic of obesity, diabetes mellitus, the unheatlhy obese individuals with the diabetes mellitus dissease is becoming more current. The goal of the bachelor thesis is to collect basic data, evaulate compensation of diabetes mellites and to compare BMI of tracked patients with the mellitus type 1 diagnosis, who visited the diabetic department in the span of one month: 1. - 30. November 2019 versus general population. The data were collected from doctors' documents of the patients. One of the monitored parameters was the presence of overweight and obesity with the patients. The theoretical part of the thesis provides basic information about the diabetes mellitus following information about obesity. The final chapter connects these two diseases. The practical part of the thesis consists of a provision of the basic information of the group of patients, a comparison of BMI between the followed sample and general population, a compartion of t HbA1c (glycated hemoglobin) between patients with CGM/FGM (a sensor for continual monitoring of glycemia) and those without it, a comparison of medial BMI (body...
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Analysis of the influence of physical activity on the health of Type I
STANĚK, Jan
The bachelor thesis focuses on the study of diabetic children in terms of health status, physical fitness and other aspects related to diabetes. The aim of this work is to find out how physically active diabetics are, how sport affects their diabetes compensation, and how quickly their blood glucose changes during or after sport. It also focuses on the difference between trained diabetics and untreated diabetics.
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