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Ecology of Eurasian sparrowhawk in urban and rural areas
Kunca, Tomáš ; Šálek, Miroslav (advisor) ; Bohuslav, Bohuslav (referee)
Urban environments provide suitable habitats for species that are ready to adapt to the specific conditions. One of such species is Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) that has adapted to the Prague city environment. This dissertation explores and describes selected aspects of sparrowhawks ecology in urban and rural environment. It focuses on comparison of selected aspects of sparrowhawk ecology between urban and rural study areas.
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The profitability of a passive house building
Lakosil, Jakub ; Hricová, Daniela (advisor) ; Olga, Olga (referee)
The subject of the master thesis is an economic saving of a passive house construction in comparison with particular classic low-energy house. The first part of the thesis discusses the evolution of low-energy houses and classification of these constructions according to their energy consumption. It also discusses the advantages of the passive house constructions and the subsidy system, which is possible to use for houses with very low energy consumption. The practical part initially contains a description of chosen bungalow house, which is classified according to its technical specifications into classic, low-energy and passive. Furthermore, there is a brief description of the houses energy consumption and classification into their respective energy group. The subsidy system, described in the theoretical part, is a source for the detection of the subsidy entitlement of particular model varieties. A brief description of acquisition costs, focused on displaying the differences between the studied varieties, is compiled according to particular budgets. There are calculations of investment and operating costs based on technical and price sources. In the conclusion of the thesis there is an economic evaluation of return on investment of particular model types of the houses.
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Teaching Aids for Teaching Biology and Ecology at Secondary Vocational Schools
Jeníková, Eliška ; Němejc, Karel (advisor) ; Martina, Martina (referee)
Twenty-three teachers of biology and ecology on secondary vocational schools expressed themselves in the case of teaching aids via questionnaire. Objective of the survey was to chart the teaching aids types that are reachable and useable and to record teachers' requests for changes in portfolio of teaching aids on their schools. Respondents also commented on obstacles they experience in using teaching aids and whether they were regularly informed about news in the field of teaching aids.
Strongly higher amount of women than men was noticed within the framework of survey and all respondents stated they graduated from university with pedagogical orientation. Almost all respondents considered using teaching aids effective. The most reachable teaching aids were visual aids, while the most usable were original objects and real facts. Auditive teaching aids were considered as the less reachable and also as the most rarely used. Approximately half of the respondents were regularly informed about news in the field of teaching aids. The most noted barrier in using aids in general was the necessity of their removal.
Proposed proceedings are especially a better co-operation between schools' management and biology and ecology teachers in question of purchasing or modernizing teaching aids and to build up special classrooms, so that removal of teaching aids would not be necessary.
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Teaching aids for teaching biology and ecology at secondary vocational schools
Jakubův, Pavel ; Němejc, Karel (advisor) ; Irena, Irena (referee)
In the thesis titled Teaching aids for teaching biology and ecology at secondary vocational schools is the basic characteristics and overview of teaching materials suitable for teaching biology and ecology in secondary vocational schools. The practical part is focused on analyzing the frequency of the use of teaching aids in their articles and the opportunity to purchase new or replacement of existing teaching aids. Due to the financial demands of procurement of teaching aids mentions the possibility of developing their own tools from commercially available materials. The market is a large number of teaching aids, which are of course very often overpriced and under normal circumstances, therefore, unavailable for schools. You will then have to rely on other resources than the school budget. The alternative is the production of teaching aids, which, however, has its drawbacks and the head teacher's willingness to devote time to this activity.
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Economic Aspects of Ensuring Safety and Fire Protection
Krejčí, Jan ; Pánková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Aulová, Renata (referee)
This bachelor thesis discusses and deals with economic aspects of work´s safety and fire protection in workspaces and common areas. The thesis itself contains a literary review summary of all obligations of legal entities and individuals doing business in the field of occupational safety and health and fire protection based on the statute book. As part of this own work there are analysis of costs for ensuring all obligations to provide safety and fire prevention at the ice rink stadium, the Kindergarten and Elementary school buildings in Roudnice nad Labem. The results were compared and according to them was created a costing draft structure.
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Policy of the Fashion Industry to Sustainable Development
Ric, Tomáš ; Šálková, Daniela (advisor) ; Marta, Marta (referee)
Bachelor thesis is divided into two parts. Theoretical part, where the basic knowledge of the fashion industry and sustainable development is presented. These findings are explained together with links connecting different sectors in fashion.
The theoretical part also deals with the economic impact of overproduction in the fashion industry and brings alternative to conventional shopping habits.
Second, a practical part, deals with companies with a dominant position on the market and their approach to solving the problems.
The aim of this thesis is to describe the general principles of the approach of the fashion industry to sustainable development, resolving issues and puts forward proposals to prevent the effects of excess production.
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Methods used to determination of quantity of house sparrow (Passer domesticus) and similar synanthropic birds
Semrádek, Jan ; Šmejdová, Lucie (advisor) ; Hodačová, Lenka (referee)
Population of many synanthropic species of birds is decreasing in a lot of European countries including the Czech Republic. This decrease is apparent especially in urban areas. Cause of this decrease has not been entirely specified. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate possible factors affecting bird population. One of the influencing factors could be the size of observed territory. During nesting season of 2014, research monitoring 11 bird species was carried out in 10 villages of Kladno county. The species of birds are House Sparrow (Passer domesticus), Eurasian Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus), Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaocto), European Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris), European Serin (Serinus serinus), Black Redstart (Phoenicurus ochruros), European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis), Common Linnet (Carduelis cannabina), White Wagtail (Motacilla alba), Common Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs) and Common Starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Birds were counted on several counting plots in different types of habitat. Aim was to inspect effect of habitat on abundance of bird species. The results show, that type of habitat had effect on most of the bird species. This outcome corresponds with some of the former studies.
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Ecological aspects of the energy use of wood chips
Ručová, Karolína ; Štícha, Václav (advisor) ; Jankovský, Martin (referee)
Currently, the importance of renewable energy sources (RES) is much higher than before. Among the most important RES we rank biomass, which consists of more than half of produced energy from renewable sources. Using biomass increases the utilization of wood fuels and greater emphasis is placed on their processing requirements. The purpose of this study is to assess the ecological parameters that affect the use of wood chips for energy purposes, based on a comparison of existing norms and standards. The first part is focused on theoretical use of wood waste and subsequent utilization of therefrom made fuel. Subsequently there is evaluated the use of fuel for energy purposes in practice. The work also includes examining factors (calorific value, humidity, etc.) affecting the quality of biofuels in different seasons. The contribution of this work is to document the flow of wood waste, proving the benefits of recycling wood waste and recommendation for action in the future.
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The growth and survival of juvenile freshwater pearl mussel in respect to food resources
Mastíková, Jana ; Douda, Karel (advisor) ; Matasová, Klára (referee)
The survival of the freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera) depends on the protection and preservation of the suitable biotypes that is why it is necessary to know its requirements for environmental conditions. This species indicates the quality of suitable biotypes with its specific requirements for food and environment. During its life, the freshwater pearl mussel is undergoing complicated development cycle and in each phase it has different requirements for food. In the juvenile phase, it is very sensitive to quality of environment as well as quality and composition of its food, which consists of organogenic detritus, which is mainly decomposed mass of vegetable and animal origin together with bacteria. Its food arises in river basin areas as well as in river spring areas-from where it is carried downstream by a river and so pearl mussels may ingest it filtering the water.
This highly specialized species that is sensitive to environmental changes, especially within its juvenile life phase, is very important as to its bio-indicating ability. The experimental part of this work was focused on the evaluation of the detritus carrying-capacity performed by the bio-indication method ex-situ in a laboratory out of its natural environment. For evaluating the carrying-capacity and quality of the tested detritus under optimal temperature conditions ex-situ for 10 days, there were used juvenile pearl mussels from a semi-natural breeding. The tested samples of detritus were collected according to the standard procedures in the summer 2015 from the locality of Blanice river spring area. There were collected totally 100 samples of detritus from 100 spring areas. The goal was to evaluate the growth of shells of juveniles depending on physico-chemical properties of the sample. The main analyzed data were the value of the pearl mussel growth and detritus parameters - pH, conductivity and altitude of the springs.
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