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True and fair view of accountancy roles of internal and external audit
HORÁKOVÁ, Kateřina
The thesis deals with definition of activities and roles of internal and external audit in context of providing true and fair view of accounting. These issues are solved from the point of view of Czech accounting standards and also in comparison with IFRS. The thesis is divided into two basic parts theoretical and practical. The theoretical part defines basic terms and introduces the procedures of internal and external audit. The thesis also deals with main legislation which adjusts activities of auditors. It also includes specifications of Czech and international legislation which auditors have to follow and definition of true and fair view. The practical part deals with audits of two accounting units in stage of identification of risks. Accounting unit A has implemented internal audit which uses model COSO for identification of risks. Accounting unit A is under an obligation to have their financial statements verified by external auditor. Accounting unit B is also under an obligation to have their financial statements verified by external auditor and the same time they transform their financial statements to IFRS. According to above mentioned procedures it was possible to evaluate the individual roles of internal and external auditors.
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Creative Accounting Techniques - Aspects of the Presentation of Financial Statements Prepared in Accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards
ŠVAMBERK, David
The topic of this diploma thesis is "Creative Accounting Techniques - Aspects of the Presentation of Financial Statements Prepared in Accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards". The aim of this thesis is to assess whether the selected entity has shown indicators of possible creative accounting in the context of publicly available financial statements compiled according to IFRS in comparison with Czech Accounting Standards and the subsequent assessment of acquired differences of both accounting approaches. For such assessment, selected detection models are used the Beneish model, the CFEBT model, and Jones Nondiscretionary Accruals. Moreover, there were calculated other two models Altman's Z-score and the Bonity Index. The diploma thesis is focused on the explanatory power of financial statements for stakeholders (or other external users) which has significant influence on their economic decision making. This work analyses issued and audited financial statements from the user's perspective who does not have any access to more detailed supporting documentation. The diploma thesis is divided into three main parts. The first part is the theoretical over-view of creative accounting. This part describes definitions, history, causes, effects, and techniques of creative accounting, as well as there are mentioned detection models which may help to identify manipulated financial statements. There are also presented bankruptcy and solvency models used for a financial analysis of the selected entity. The second part, methodological, contains the procedures and calculations of selected models used for the further analysis of creative accounting. The third part is devoted to evaluate the results of creative accounting analyses. In conclusion, there is commented the possible occurrence of creative accounting in the entity's financial statements and the explanatory power of both accounting systems.
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Funding of football and accounting related issues, differences between men and women
Toťová, Lenka ; Vašek, Libor (advisor) ; Hora, Michal (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to give insight into the current situation in football and to highlight the existing differences between men and women. The thesis focuses on financing in football and related financial reporting and accounting. It discusses primarily situation in the Czech republic and mentions, if appropriate, information from international sources to make relevant comparison. The first part of the thesis shows football clubs and their goals. The second chapter provides with details regarding funding sources of football clubs and mentions also relating UEFA regulations. The third main chapter discusses accounting specifics which are typical for football clubs such as a reporting of player contracts, accounting for football stadium, football match, referees etc., both Czech accounting regulation and IFRS are considered in the discussion. If real illustrative examples are provided, football club FK Dukla Praha is always considered and secondary data is used. The bachelor thesis reflects the significant financial differences between both men and women that result beside other things from funding and consequently they have impact on accounting.
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Valuation in accounting and its impact on taxation
Andrýsková, Adéla ; Molín, Jan (advisor) ; Králíček, Vladimír (referee)
The goal of the diploma thesis is to describe problems of accounting valuation and issues connected with prices, which are used for income tax purposes within current valid legislation. The thesis decribes basic valuation principles, characterization and valuation methods of some selected section according to the Czech legislation and IFRS. The thesis compares advantages and disadvantages of some valuation methods and valuation base and their influence on taxes. At the end of the thesis is the issue of transfer pricing or accounting valuation in insolvency.
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Hedge accounting under IFRS
Lunga, Jakub ; Novotný, Jan (advisor) ; Procházka, David (referee)
This bachelor thesis concerns hedge accounting under International Financial Reporting Standards. For a better understanding of the issues of the given topic, the more complex numeric and accounting procedures are accompanied by practical examples. Part of this bachelor's work involves a study of the financial reports of companies which are quoted at the Prague stock exchange. This was done with the aim to determine the concentration of hedge accounting used by these companies as well as the type of hedging relationship used, the kind of risk to be hedged, and what hedging instruments were employed.
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Measurement of inventories in the Czech Republic and according to IFRS
Kočí, Přemysl ; Svitlík, Jan (advisor) ; Vašek, Libor (referee)
The content of this bachelor thesis analyses measurement methods of inventories according to Czech accounting legislation and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Prior to the analysis, the accounting approaches themselves and the exact objective of inventories are described. The aim of the thesis is to compare measurement methods of inventories according to Czech legislation and IFRS with emphasis on the evaluation of their differences.
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Cash and Cash Equivalents under Czech Accounting Standards, IFRS and US GAAP
Oliva, František ; Roe, Jana (advisor) ; Vašek, Libor (referee)
This bachelor thesis pays attention to financial reporting of cash and cash equivalents in compliance with the Czech Accounting Standards (ČÚS), the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) and to the differences coming from these standards. This thesis is divided into three main parts. Firstly, it will focus on defining the terms that are associated with the topic, further, it will be dedicated to appraising, repricing and financial reporting of cash and cash equivalents in accordance to the three accounting standards, and lastly, it will practically demonstrate the differences between them.
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Deferred tax in the consolidated financial statements at the transition from US GAAP to IFRS
Zikirina, Kristina ; Zelenková, Marie (advisor) ; Zelenka, Vladimír (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the deferred tax issue in the context of changing the US GAAP accounting system to IFRS. First of all, it summarizes the theoretical approaches to recognition, measurement and reporting of deferred tax and examines the factors, which could affect its appearance in the individual and consolidated financial statements. Then this diploma thesis focuses on the comparison between the US GAAP and IFRS rules regarding deferred tax accounting. The output of this comparison is demonstrated in a form of analysis table pointing to the fundamental conceptual differences. Next part of the thesis presents the first IFRS adoption issue in relation to IFRS 1, where the effect of the first adoption on the presented deferred tax is accentuated. After all, the findings from the theoretical part of the diploma thesis are applied in the practical example of PJSC LUKOIL, which had to change US GAAP to IFRS in 2014 due to the new legislation requirement. This last part examines the differential attitudes of both accounting systems to deferred tax and presentation and significance of deferred tax at the first IFRS adoption.
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Revision of the IFRS Conceptual Framework
Šantrůček, Martin ; Valášková, Mariana (advisor) ; Žárová, Marcela (referee)
This thesis deals with current amendment of the International Financial Reporting Standards Conceptual Framework. This Amendment is one of the most awaited projects of the International Accounting Standards Board for the year 2017. Conceptual Framework serves as a basic ideological basis and theoretical premise for the creation of the accounting standards. Consistence between Conceptual Framework and IFRS and being up to date are the key factors for the whole system to work properly. This thesis deals with the Conceptual Frameworks development from its beginnings in the USA to the current amendment made by IASB and the thesis is trying to analyse the whole concept of the Conceptual Framework, its importance and its contained information which are under a strong pressure to be perfect. This thesis primary goal is to analyse the current amendment of the Conceptual Framework, which is being evaluated and commented with help of the comment letters received to the Exposure Draft 2015. There are also suggested some recommendations, that should be considered before finalizing the new Conceptual Framework.
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