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Darkmarket Forensics
Dolejška, Daniel ; Grégr, Matěj (referee) ; Veselý, Vladimír (advisor)
Overlay networks (like Tor or I2P) create a suitable environment for criminality to thrive on the Internet. Dark marketplaces (a.k.a. cryptomarkets) are one such example of criminal activities. They act as an intermediary in the trade of illegal goods and services. This project focuses on forensic analysis of such web services and subsequent extraction of non-trivial information about the realised orders and payments from selected marketplaces. The main goal is to pinpoint the time interval when an order has been completed on selected marketplaces and its following correlation with cryptocurrency blockchains. The implemented program provides fully automated non-stop monitoring of selected cryptomarkets. That, under certain conditions, allows detection of realised purchases, detailed product and vendor monitoring and collection of various meta-data entries. Law enforcement agencies can use acquired data as support evidence regarding the operation of selected cryptomarkets and their vendors. The obtained information can also indicate current trends in products supply and demand.
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Electrochemical properties of selected psychoactive compounds
Jiroušková, Eliška ; Sokolová, Romana (advisor) ; Fischer, Jan (referee)
This Diploma Thesis focuses on the electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry of three new psychoactive substances (NPS). These compounds are easily accessible on the market and they are not regulated by current legislation. Due to the huge amount of these drugs it is difficult to identify them in human organism. Three representatives of new psychoactive substances were studied: two stimulants (3-fluorophenmetrazine, 3-FPM and 4-methylpentedrone, 4-MPD) and one of the fentanyl derivatives (FMAcF, m-fluoro methoxyaceyl fentanyl). Drugs often undergo oxidation or reduction during biotransformation in human organism therefore the electrochemical behaviour was studied. The main goal of this work was to determine the initial intermediates of redox processes, clarify reaction scheme (including electron transfer coupled with chemical reaction) and suggest the redox mechanism. The electrochemical properties were studied using cyclic voltammetry with a glassy carbon electrode as a working electrode. The compounds 3-FPM and FMAcF were oxidized within the available potential window and 4-MPD was both reduced and oxidized. The reaction scheme of all compounds was found to be ECE. UV/Vis spectroelectrochemistry revealed the formation of reaction intermediates. Infrared spectroelectrochemistry and...
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Ethics of Political Influence on World Sport
Mach, Matěj ; Kašpar, Ladislav (advisor) ; Suchý, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with the political influence of modern sport and its ethical aspects. The author of the thesis aims to criticize actions in world sport with the help of basic ethical ideas about correct decision-making. He follows the controversial question of whether politics belong to sport and whether it is possible to separate these industries. In the first part, he presents the basics of ethics and its goals, which are supposed to help determine the correctness of actions in the world of sports. Following on from ethics, he then points out the connection between ethics and sport, where he proves the correctness of practicing sport with the help of professional literature. In the second part, he describes the process of emergence of sport as such, as well as the manifestation of the influence of world sports events by politics on specific cases and their impact on sport overall and society. At the end, the author answers the ethical questions that arise from the issue of the topic. It is based on the collection of information from professional literature and publicly available periodicals, where he gets to the result that the separation of politics and sport is not possible.
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Exceptions to the positive relationship between species diversity and environmental heterogeneity
Srpová, Tereza ; Hořák, David (advisor) ; Divíšek, Jan (referee)
The positive relationship between environmental heterogeneity and species richness has been taken for granted for many years. However, recent studies have revealed possible alternatives to this positive relationship, such as negative or unimodal relationship. There are many possible explanations for these alternative relationships. Increasing spatial heterogeneity of a biotope of a given size inevitably leads to reduction in the effective area available to the organisms inhabiting it. At the same time, increased environmental heterogeneity can lead to fragmentation and isolation of biotope patches, which can have negative consequences for the species richness of the community. Inadequate methodology may be one of the reasons why these alternative relationships have only been discovered in the recent years. Correct information on the relationship between environmental heterogeneity and species richness is essential for decisions on biodiversity conservation. For this reason, it is necessary to discover such alternative relationships in specific ecosystems, which we aim to protect, and to always take them into account, even if they are less common.
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Advanced electron diffraction methods for structural description of zeolites
Laštovičková, Anna ; Mazur, Michal (advisor) ; Tyrpekl, Václav (referee)
Electron diffraction (ED) is a powerful tool for the structure determination of crystalline materials. It offers an alternative to single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) that is often limited by the size of synthesized crystals. Electron diffraction allows analysis of materials at the nanoscale, thus it is particularly useful for samples which crystals are too small for other methods. ED utilizes electrons for collection of diffraction patterns that can be performed in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). Collected ED patterns are further analyzed allowing for the determination of unit cell parameters, lattice type, and even the crystal structure itself. Nevertheless, the effective structure determination from standard ED patterns requires in-depth expertise and data collection is time consuming. Current development of ED methods focuses on the facilitation and automatization of data collection and processing. Notably, highly advanced, continuous rotation electron diffraction (cRED) data collection takes only a few minutes enabling structure determination within a single day. In this work, I present the utilization of cRED method for the structural characterization of zeolites. These materials are often synthesized as polycrystalline samples with crystals of nanometer in size. This makes...
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Effect of food supplement mixtures on selected biotransformation enzymes
Kurshakova, Evgeniia ; Dračínská, Helena (advisor) ; Koblihová, Jitka (referee)
Dietary supplements are globally used products designed to complement nutrition with additional nutrients. They contain a wide range of biologically active compounds: amino acids, vitamins, minerals, herbal extracts, etc. Due to the popularity and excessive consumption of food supplements, there is a growing need to research their potential interactions and impact on human health. Certain dietary supplements are metabolized by enzymes from the cytochrome P450 group, which play a key role in the biotransformation of exogenous substrates. Some biologically active compounds may also affect their activity. The presented thesis was focused on studying the influence of several popular components of dietary supplements on cytochromes P450 3A4 and 1A1 expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. The influence of metal ions Zn2+ and Mg2+ , ascorbate from the vitamin group, and curcumin from the polyphenol group was examined. A strong inhibitory effect of curcumin on the activity of both investigated isoforms was confirmed. The reaction of 6β-hydroxylation of testosterone catalyzed by CYP3A4 was significantly suppressed by the addition of curcumin, with the determined IC50 value being 4,7 M. A significant decrease in the rate of resorufin O-deethylation by rat and human CYP1A1 isoforms was also observed (IC50 =...
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Proteomic identification of nuts in festive cookies
Kadeřábková, Lucie ; Kučková, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Kolář, Karel (referee)
This diploma thesis is devoted to the proteomic identification of selected nuts in festive cookies. Two types of mass spectrometry were used for the nut identification; their outcomes allow for comparison and completeness of the data. The theoretical part provides a comprehensive overview of the nutritional values of nuts and the issues of food fraud and authenticity. It concludes with a didactic view and potential applications in chemistry lessons and other school subjects. The experimental part analysed eleven different nuts, submitted to high temperatures, which simulated baking and seven different types of festive cookies (six mass-produced cookies and one type of cookie with priorly unknown content of nuts). Mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF was used with subsequent evaluation using relational database system PostgreSQL to obtain characteristic m/z values for each of the eleven heat-subjected nuts. These values were then compared to the m/z values of the festive cookies to identify declared nuts and nuts used in the "unknown" sample. This identification was proved with various success rates in four of six mass-produced samples. The success rate was derived from the number of unique m/z values found in each of the nuts. The "unknown" sample was correctly identified based on the presence of one third...
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Agritourism in Czechia and in neighbouring states
Koutná, Nikoleta ; Jančák, Vít (advisor) ; Žufan, Petr (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with agritourism in Czechia and in neighbouring states. The aim of the thesis is to analyse the development and the current state in the last 10 years, to compare the position from the point of view of the whole state and its regional differentiation and to evaluate the financial support. A quantitative research method was used to achieve the set goals and answer to the research questions. A search of professional literature and an evaluation of available statistical data were used. Data on the number of agritourism entities were obtained from individual statistical offices. Information on financial support was found on the websites and specific ministries of individual states. The results of the research indicate that the development of agritourism does not take place in the same way in all states. Also, some states differ in the predominant location of agritourism entities. Furthermore, it was found that certain states do not make sufficiently use of financial support for the development of agritourism. It is important that it should be financially supported by the individual states and the European Union. Keywords: multifunctional agriculture, diversification of agricultural activity, agritourism, Czechia and neighbouring states, subsidy, Rural Development Programme...
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Analysis of drug administration by nurses in health facility XIV
Newaldová, Sandra ; Doseděl, Martin (advisor) ; Rejmanová, Anna (referee)
Analysis of drug administration by nurses in health facility XIV. Author: Sandra Newaldová Tutor: PharmDr. Martin Doseděl, Ph.D. Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Charles University Introduction: Medication errors are one of the causes of adverse events in healthcare facilities, leading to patient endangerment or harm. A study looking at this issue reports that the most common errors occur when a nurse administers medicines in a healthcare facility. Aim: The aim of the thesis is to monitor medication errors of nurses during the preparation and administration of medication to patients and to analyse the prevalence of medication errors, determine their type, their relationship to other influencing factors, and their severity with respect to the patient's condition. Methods: Prospective observational study with direct observation method, conducted in a specialized medical rehabilitation facility. The study included two pre- and post- intervention phases in which nurses' medication and procedural errors were monitored, analysed and evaluated. Observations were conducted in each phase over three days each time during morning, midday and evening administration. The results were analysed in programs Microsoft Excel and Wolfram Mathematica. Results: The...
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Restoration of the monastery in Šternberk
Wernerová, Valerie ; Kocourek, Tomáš (referee) ; Guzdek, Adam (advisor)
The subject of the thesis was to create an architectural study of the revitalization of part of the building of the former Augustinian monastery in Šternberk, including its surroundings and garden. It was essential to find a new functional use of neglected spaces and determine the overall concept of the object's functioning. The building of the former monastery is to serve as a place for rest, cultural development and relaxation in a demanding era. It is functionally divided into two parts that intertwine. Firstly, it is a part intended primarily for the local population, for concerts, theaters, cultural days, social events... that is, for social and cultural enjoyment. The second part is aimed at people looking for a change of environment, relaxation in a pleasant space with high-quality facilities and recharging new energy. Within the monastery, pleasant accommodation has been created with spaces for rest, sports, relaxation, but also remote work. Both functions complement each other, the space of the restaurant, cafe or beer hall serve both residents and staying guests. The small wellness centre is also open to those interested from Šternberk as well as a gym, an open library or a beautifully landscaped garden that encourages relaxation for both locals and guests. A significant input into the architecture is the arrangement of the inner courtyard. Roofing of the courtyard, which is open today, is proposed. At the same time, a new staircase and an elevator are added in the courtyard. In the monastery grounds, it is possible to pass from east to west through the accessible monastery garden, in which parts of the English park intertwine with the baroque garden. In the south-western part, a underground garage is being built, hidden under green roof connected to the garden.
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