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Person-Centered Approach in clinical practice
Dizon, Adam ; Adámková, Jana (advisor) ; Goldmann, Petr (referee)
This thesis explores the position of Person-Centred Approach (PCA) in the practice of Czech clinical psychologists and psychiatrists who went through the PCA psychotherapy training and they use this approach in their current clinical practice. The main principles of PCA theory (1), principles of biomedical model in which clinical practice is rooted (2) and the new forms of person-centred psychopathology and psychodiagnosis (3) are the theoretical background of the following research. Based on the qualitative analysis of five recorded interviews (three clinical psychologists, two psychiatrists) the experience of the respondents is organised as comprehensive concepts concerning various areas and topics of the clinical practice (diagnosis, psychotherapy, dealing with PCA, dealing with biomedical model, therapeutic relationship, relation to the profession). Several common mechanisms are identified in the concept's dynamics. Through these mechanisms Person-Centred Approach is applied in areas and activities mentioned. The concepts based on experience and the PCA application mechanisms enrich the theories and ongoing research of PCA practice in the Western mental health care. Key words: Person-Centred Approach, Client-Centred Therapy, psychiatry, clinical psychology, psychotherapy, psychodiagnosis,...
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Physiotherapy in patients with bipolar disorder
Knotková, Denisa ; Zahrádka Köhlerová, Michaela (advisor) ; Straková, Eva (referee)
Bachelor thesis abstract Name, Surname: Denisa Knotková Supervisor: Mgr. Michaela Zahrádka Köhlerová Opponent: Title of bachelor thesis: Physiotherapy in patients with bipolar disorder Abstract: This bachelor thesis deals with what kind of role has physiotherapy in patients with psychiatric illness, specifically in patients with bipolar afective disorder. The aim of this work is to collect information about the disease in all its aspects and to describe how these patients are treated from the perspective of a physiotherapist. The first part of the thesis describes origins and symptomatology of bipolar afective disorder, differential diagnosis, comorbidities, pharmacological treatment and psychotherapy. The second part of the thesis deals with physiotherapy approaches and methods, indications and contraindications. In the form of studies, we will process various studies dealing with physiotherapy methods adequate for treating these patients and what influence they have on each of the phase of the desease. The studies will be summarized in the final discussion. Key words: Bipolar disorder, physiotherapy, physical activity, psychiatry
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The specifics of a nurse's work with addicted clients at psychiatric ward
KOROUSOVÁ, Agáta
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the specifications of nursing addicted patients at the psychiatric ward. Due to a high number of patients addicted to addictive substances and easy availability of addictive substances it is a very current topic. The aim of this thesis is to map out the specifications of the work done by nurses at the ward of medium-term withdrawal treatment and at the department of detoxification. The theoretical part focuses on the division of psychiatric care in the Czech Republic, on the kinds and descriptions of addictive substances, on mental syndromes happening because of addictive substance use, and on the descriptions of specifications and competence of nurses working at the psychiatric ward. Practical part consists of quantitative research using the method of interviews. The data collection technique used is a semi-structured interview. Three categories and 7 subcategories were created by analyzing the data obtained. The research file consists of 13 nurses working at psychiatric hospitals, at medium-term withdrawal treatment offices and detoxification units where they are in contact with addicted patients. Among specifications nurses also include random detection addictive substance tests, and checking of clients´ personal belongings. Nurses understand the psychatric ward' to be very specific, as a place where each client needs to be treated individually, because each one may manage the regime teatment differently. This bachelor thesis may be used for purposes of education about the process of withdrawal treatment and mitigation of fear in those people who are thinking about treatment, but are afraid to undergo it because of lack of information.
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Reform of mental healthcare in Czech Republic
Šilhanová, Andrea ; Válková, Monika (advisor) ; Mlejnková, Kristýna (referee)
In the thesis I examine current legislative anchoring of healthcare and social care of mental health. In the second chapter of theoretical part I write about classification of mental illnesses. Third chapter, which is very important from my point of view, describe transformation of healthcare and social care in the foreign countries. Practical part contains pilot survey for the Ministry of Health. The purpose was to find out the satisfaction of the clients with social and health services, which are part of the treatment of mental health. Satisfaction was detected by questionnaires, which patients had available with their ambulant psychiatrist. Those questionnaires were created at round tables by experts, patients and service providers in a hospital. Social care and healthcare do not connect. Experts do not communicate with each other. Tragical finding was that ambulant psychiatrist has in average thirteen minutes for examination of a client. Definitely Czech Republic need Centre for Mental Healthcare for complex care of the patient.
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The creation and enforcement of psychiatric care reform in the Czech republic
Pluhař, Filip ; Dobiášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Kotherová, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to find and describe important moments that led to the enforcement of the psychiatric care reform. This reform was adopted 24 years after the fall of the communism. Until then, all attempts to change the psychiatric care system had failed. This healthcare segment has long been underfinanced and mainly institutional care prevails. Often, aftercare is not ensured, so it is very difficult for a person who is released from care to be involved in normal life. Also, stigmatization of people with mental illness prevails. Here, reform represents a solution to these and many other problems that the current psychiatry has. This research should answer the question why this strategy was successfully enforced and what was behind it. Using the theory of three currents and interviews with important actors, it discusses the various events and circumstances which have been used by the policy promoters to successfully achieve the approval of the reform. It examines the different motives of actors, their function and roles in the creation and promotion of the reform. The causes of enforcement are sought both in the Ministry of Health itself and in the EU or interest organizations outside the traditional institutions. The thesis can answer the question whether in this case it was the usual...
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Extension and modernization of clinic in Zamberk
Novák, Jan ; Šuhajdová, Eva (referee) ; Šuhajda, Karel (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the design and elaboration of the project documentation for the works required for the completion and modernization of Žamberk Health Clinic. Specifically it deals with the extension of ambulatory psychiatry of its inpatient ward. The object in focus is located in the built-up part of Žamberk and it is located in the area of the Specialist Asylum Albertinum Žamberk. The building is designed as an annex with one underground and two aboveground floors with a flat roof. It is divided into three units: a dormitory psychiatric care, the dormitory gerontopsychiatric care unit and the therapeutic block. The suggestion was to keep up the requirement to minimize the interference of existing outpatient psychiatric facility and to create operationally interconnected unit between the existing object and the extension at the same time. The construction system is considered from traditional building materials. The fundamentals are made by a combination of plain concrete and lost formwork. Vertical carrier structures are made of reinforced concrete monolithic walls for the underground floor and brick walls made of ceramic blocks for both aboveground floors. Vertical partitioning structures are also walled from ceramic blocks. Horizontal carrier structures are designed as reinforced concrete monolithic continuous boards. The object is insulated with ETICS, the roof is flat and single-skinned
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The use of quantification of nursing care in psychiatric hospitals
STUCHLÍKOVÁ, Jindřiška
Theme of the bachelor thesis is a utilization of quantification of nursing care in psychiatric hospitals. Psychiatry provides a treatment to persons with mental disorder. In most cases there is nobody to help the patient with his problems. So he searches some specialiste, in this case a psychologist or a psychiatrist. The doctor determines hospitalization of the sick man if the patient is not able to visit an ambulant treatment. For these patients there is performed a basic and a special nursing care. The basic nursing care is composed of feeding, hygiene, etc. The special nursing care provides diagnostic, terapeutic and monitoring operations. The thesis has theoretical and scientific parts. The theoretical part deals with discipline of psychiatry, with form and methodes of care, with legislative definition and with education and competences of nurses. The scientific research was realized by methode of quantification of nursing care by Pochylá and Pochylý (2008), it is a qualitative and quantitative methode. The first part deals with collecting of datas and subsequent recording datas to a record sheet. Next step was to determine activities of special nursing care. There were determined averages and standard deviations for operations thereby we gained average periods of all operations. The purpose of the thesis was to determine average time difficulty of all operations and to determine time values of nursing care of selected groups of patients. The research finds that the nursing care is the most used operation for sick men. Nursing care changes in patients according to the current state of health. Other specifics of nursing care include monitoring patients who may endanger themselves or their surroundings. The most often performed operation in psychiatric hospital in medication is per os. We chose 3 goals for the job. The first objective was to inventory special nursing care in psychiatric hospitals. Another objective is to determine the average time values for individual nursing activities of special nursing care in a psychiatric hospital. The final goal was to determine the time values of special nursing care in selected patient groups. Based on the first goal, a research question has been identified: What is the most common performance in a psychiatric hospital? Based on the second objective, the research question was determined: What are the average time values for individual nursing activities of special nursing care in a psychiatric hospital? Based on the third objective, the hypothesis was chosen: The time values of special nursing care are different for selected patient groups.
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Care of a patient with schizophrenia from the nurse´s and family member´s point of view
LAIEROVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor's thesis was divide into two parts, theoretical and empirical. It was deal with characteristic of schizophrenia, patient's life with schizophrenia, schizophrenia's care and education of patient with schizophrenia in theoretical part of thesis. The aim of the was to identify and describe the aspects of the care for patients with schizophrenia as perceived by both patients' family members and nurses, and to identify and describe the impact of the disease on the life of the patient from the point of view of his family members. The research part of the thesis uses the qualitative research strategy, the questioning method, the semi-structured interviews data collection based on interviews conducted in a selected home with a special regime and with nurses working at the acute psychiatric ward in a general hospital, and the second part of interviews were conducted with family members of a patient with schizophrenia. The research sample consisted of three nurses working in an acute psychiatric department of a general hospital, four nurses working in a home with special regime and five patient' family members. Nurses from both acute and long-term care consider ensuring proper delivery of medication, individual approach to patients, and gaining their trust to be crucial factors of care.
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Evolution of nursing care of mentally ill patients: comparison Czech republic - Finland.
FILIPOVÁ, Eva
This bachelor thesis is focused on the history of nursing care for the mentally ill in the Czech Republic and Finland. It is written chronologically from ancient history to the present time. The whole thesis summarizes the development of nursing for the mentally ill, the system of care and education for nurses in psychiatry in the Czech Republic and Finland. The aim is to describe the development of nursing care for patients with mental disorders. The work deals with the system of mental health care and education for nursing staff in these countries. This thesis is theoretical. It was necessary to visit the Prague City Archives and the National Archives to obtain historical sources. Other important sources used in this thesis were professional literature, literature dealing with the issue in the present and historical books. In past, people thought that mental disorders are natural phenomena. In ancient times, the temples were established for mentally ill people. During that time, Greek physician and philosopher Hippocrates had great significance. In the Middle Ages, people with mental disorders were considered to be possessed by evil spirits, so treatment was mainly in isolation. In modern period, the first insane asylums were built. In the twentieth century psychiatry was influenced by Sigmund Freud with his theory about the origin of mental illness. The turning point of this time was also in the use of shock therapy and psychopharmacological discovery. Psychiatry deals with the development and strengthening of mental health and its prevention. The Czech Republic has a system of interconnected services in psychiatry, such as psychiatric clinic, clinical-psychological clinic, inpatient facilities and community care. Psychiatry in our country is under-funded, care is unsatisfactory and development is delayed compared to other countries of the European Union. Strategy for the reform of mental health care in our country has a goal to increase the quality of life of people with mental disorders. The current state is that outpatient psychiatrists are overloaded, and there is materially and technically outdated equipment in psychiatric hospitals. Our psychiatric care has much more institutional position, because it failed to systematically develop community psychiatry. But perspective is quite dense network of psychiatric and clinical-psychological clinics, which could help in moving the focus of care from inpatient facility into the natural environment of the client. The reform will also try to improve the education of nurses in psychiatry. According to Czech legislation, there is not a condition to be specialized in nurses working in psychiatry. Nurses, in the best possibility, should have university education that enables students to acquire the necessary knowledge for the profession. Even competencies are determined. Finland has a health care system based on taxes. Important medical centres provide prevention, medical examinations and screenings. Specialized care is provided in hospitals. Formerly more institutional care dominated, however today outpatient and community services greatly extended their service. Psychiatric hospitals were abolished, leaving only the psychiatric departments of general hospitals. Nursing education in Finland is carried out at the Universities of Applied Sciences. The nurse's role is health promotion, disease prevention and rehabilitation. The nurse in Finland is independent and responsible for the decisions made during the day which also supports the Code of Ethics for Nurses which is the last chapter of this thesis. The aim of the thesis is to map the development of nursing care for patients with mental disorders. One of the major findings is a significant evolution of psychiatry, when, at any time, psychiatry was viewed from different perspective. The work may serve as study material for students in medical fields, for professionals or for anyone interested in the history of psychiatry nursing.
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