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Organic architecture and contemporary residential living
Čábelková Nahorniaková, Marcela ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Budkeová, Branislava (referee) ; Glosová, Dagmar (referee) ; Menšíková, Naděžda (advisor)
Organic architecture is often used term especially in connection with the daring and experimental form. The exact definition or division is still missing. The founder of modern organic architecture is to be generally considered as Frank Loyd Wright. He was the man who created organic architecture and also made first definition in the early twentieth century, when formulating new architectural styles. Dissertation deals with insufficiently described problem of organic architecture. The main focus is on contemporary production of residential organic architecture in Central Europe. Especially on the particular realizations in Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Austria, Germany and Poland. Beside detail description of European realizations, the dissertation deals also with foundations of organic architecture in U.S.A. and important realizations here. Modern organic architecture primarily originated in the United States of America. The work presents most important contemporary realizations and architects creating resident living organic architecture in other countries around the world in order to complete the overview. The objective of dissertation was describing newest trends in designing buildings for living. Find position of organic architecture and give reasons for it´s increasing popularity, spread and necessity for new development in architecture according to the new trends. Organic architecture is an alternative way of contemporary residential living. It´s popularity is growing in last years in response to the development of modern technologies and materials, the need to protect our natural resources and also to the increasing negatives of globalization and to denial of local traditions and regional specificities. Aspects of organic forms were divided into three main groups according to their main characteristics: form, harmony and sustainable development. Another objective was find location of contemporary organic residential architecture in Czech Republic and abroad. It is rather spread all over the world than concentrated on certain places. Therefore I selected countries that are richer than the others on the occurrence of organic buildings. The objective was also to address architects, specialists, public and especially university teachers of architecture and students themselves. Communication with them was mainly connected with grant project in 2010. The theme of grant project was contemporary organic architecture in residential living. There were lectures about contemporary organic architecture and exhibition on the theme: Contemporary living organic architecture. The publication of the catalog was published under the title: Contemporary organic houses - Europe. I had the opportunity to visit a number of organic family houses abroad. Specifically houses in Slovakia, Hungary and Germany. Results of survey, which was realized by questions to owners and authors of chosen buildings, are included in dissertation. The mail results of dissertation are - make a detail review of organic architecture in residential living - define trends in contemporary organic architecture and residential living - obtain and process answers from owners and authors of chosen buildings within survey - analysis of organic house ( houses) in city planning and landscape - publication of catalogue focused on organic contemporary European houses - article about contemporary organic architecture and residential living will be published in 2012 on archiweb page
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Computational analysis of leveling of square cross section rods
Šebek, František ; Návrat, Tomáš (referee) ; Petruška, Jindřich (advisor)
Current requirements in mechanical engineering require more accurate operations and more efficient technologies. The aim of this thesis is the analysis of the leveling of square rods. The main problem is the setting of the leveling machine for the specified material and geometric data so that the initially curved material, which passes through alternatively positioned offset rollers, is leveled as much as possible. The main factor in the leveling process is the plastification of the material used for the redistribution of the residual stress. Based on existing theo-retical knowledge in this field, programs are set up to simulate the passing of the rod through the leveling machine. Further, modifications leading to the improvement of the whole process are presented. Finally, there is a verification of the results which is made independently of the submitted solution and processed by the finite element method.
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Computational models of shock absorbers of plastic and hyperelastic materials
Burdík, Martin ; Vlach, Radek (referee) ; Burša, Jiří (advisor)
An aim of the given thesis is creating of a computational model of strain-stress behaviour of shock absorbers made of plastic and hyperelastic material. First step is get ecquaint with theory of large strains, theory of hyperelasticity and plasticity. Next step is get ecquaint with options of commercial programs based on MKP. Based on this knowledge, models of simple shock absorber are made. With created models, crash tests are simulated and property of shock absorbers are compared.
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Low cycle fatigue research and application in nuclear industry
Sehnal, Dominik ; Kuželka, Jiří (referee) ; Hůlka, Jiří (advisor)
Fatique life extension of nuclear powerplants lies in the search for project reserves. This work deals with the evaluation of low-cycle fatigue of nuclear installations of the VVER type and the assessment of the influence of the computational model level. Fatigue tests of austenitic steel using optical method of digital image correlation for which the evaluation procedure is designed and used is performed. Selected model of plasticity with kimenatic (Chaboche) and combinated hardening (Chaboche, Voce) are calibrated from the obtained data. Subsequently, the durability of the test specimen is determined by computational modeling for different material models. From the comparison of the results of fatigue tests with the calculation, the material models suitable for the description of fatigue life and their validity are determined.
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Foundations in Volume Unstable Soils
Legut, Dana ; Weiglová, Kamila (referee) ; Hauser,, Jaroslav (referee) ; Zdražil, Karel (referee) ; Vašina,, Josef (referee) ; Paseka, Antonín (advisor)
This dissertation is concerned with the foundations in volume unstable soils and objects disorders which are related to this. The thesis was focused on the study of clay and loess soils which are abundant in the geological profile of the Czech Republic. First, the formation of the two groups of soils is introduced, then their properties are examined and finally the influence of vegetation on the former type and the influence of collapsibility in the latter type are investigated. The conclusion is, in fact, a recommendation on the design of structures so that the system of clay / structure is not damaged and that structures are not subject to renovations. Several instance of problems with structures are discussed which were subject to structural repairs employing both a civil and geotechnical engineers.
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Nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete foot failure
Dubina, Radek ; Václav,, Veselý (referee) ; Eliáš, Jan (advisor)
Reinforced concrete monolithic feet are one kind of shallow foundation used mainly under column systems. These systems transfer the load from upper floors through columns to the feet and through them to the foundation soil. Interaction between the foot and the foundation soil plays an important role due to the system sensitivity to the uneven settlement. Feet has to resist shear induced by vertical force and bending moment caused by stress in footing bottom. The work is devoted to design of the foot according to European standard Eurocode 2. It is then focused on numerical simulation of foot failure and calculation of the corresponding maximal vertical force in the column using a 3D model with nonlinear material models of subsoil, reinforcement and concrete. The calculations are done in software ATENA 3D for different variants of subsoil, reinforcement and foot shape. Results according to European standard and nonlinear analysis are compared.
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Static analysis of one joint of timber structure
Sedlák, Petr ; Gratza, Roman (referee) ; Kytýr, Jiří (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the numerical modeling of the nail joint of the timber roof structure and it is based on the already realized physical experiment. Totally twelve various solutions, where the isotropic and ortotropic characteristics of the spruce timber and steel components change, have been created. The final values of the joint shift obtained by using of the numerical modeling are compared with results of physical experiment. Program system ANSYS is used.
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Green coenobial algae of the family Hydrodictyaceae, their phenotypic plasticity and use in ecology and paleoecology
Zavadilová, Kateřina ; Neustupa, Jiří (advisor) ; Knotek, Petr (referee)
Algae of the family Hydrodictyaceae attract our attention because of their unusual appearance. They belong to the order Sphaeropleales in the class Chlorophyceae. This family includes the coenobial algae, traditionally classified into the genus Pediastrum, which has recently been split into multiple genera based on the phylogenetic analyses. They are typically found in eutrophicated rivers, lakes and ponds. They form characteristic oval-shaped coenobia that may resemble tiny stars in their appearance. Their shape and size may be influenced by environmental factors such as pH or nutrients. Geometric morphometrics can also be helpful in detecting morphological variation or in refining the phylogenetic tree. The outer layer of the cell wall contains the polymer algaenan. Since algaenan is acid resistent, the cell wall remnants are preserved in the sediment. These cell wall remnants are found mainly in Tertiary freshwater sediments and their occurrence serves mainly as an indicator of eutrophicated conditions, for example in the context of anthropogenic eutrophication of lakes. The cell wall remnants could also be used for palaeolimnologic reconstruction. The thesis presented studies regarding their ekology, morphology, and associated phenotypic plasticity, and studies regarding their palaeobiological...
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Implementation of a plasticity model with advanced kinematic hardening rule for additively manufactured materials
Marek, René ; Parma, Slavomír ; Gabriel, Dušan ; Džugan, J.
Tato zpráva shrnuje postup prací na dílčím projektu DP 04_01_NPO “Emission-free technologies for local energy sources replacement” zahrnující vývoj modelů pro popis chování multi-materiálových 3D tištěných struktur řešený v konsorciu COMTES FHT, a.s., Ústav termomechaniky AV ČR, v.v.i. a PROINNO, a.s. Cílem projektu je vývoj materiálových modelů popisujících chování multi-materiálových komponent deponovaných metodou přímé depozice (DED) pří víceosém cyklickém zatěžování. \nVe zprávě je sestaven a použit model plasticity vhodný pro materiály připravené metodou aditivní výroby. Model využívá Hillovu podmínku plasticity, pokročilý vícesložkový model kinematického zpevnění a model isotropního zpevnění. Je zvolen asociovaný zákon tečení a implementace předpokládá teorii malých deformací. Pro zvolený model jsou uvedeny a diskutovány všechny konstitutivní vztahy a model je tak plně a jednoznačně formulován. Model je analyticky integrován pro speciální případ zatěžování a speciální volbu parametrů podmínky plasticity, konkrétně příčnou isotropii. Je prezentováno diskretizační schema pro numerickou integraci a procedury pro MKP implementaci modelu. U MKP implementace se předpokládá formulace v poli posunutí, konkrétně je pak cíleno na MKP řešič Abaqus a implementaci modelu pomocí rozhraní UMAT. Je prezentováno několik příkladů odezvy modelu na monotónní, jednoosé a víceosé cycklické zatěžovací trajektorie.\n
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