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THE USE OF SINTERED ARTIFICIAL AGGREGATES PRODUCED FROM SOLID ENERGETIC WASTE FOR CONCRETE.
Batelka, Michal ; Stehlík, Michal (referee) ; Kolář,, Karel (referee) ; Cigánek,, Jindřich (referee) ; Adámek, Jiří (advisor)
This work deals with issues aimed at the possibility of treating the material which has not been used yet – coal tailings. The work includes among others the production, its optimalization and utilization of a new type of lightweight artificial aggregate in the process of production of concrete. The possibility of manufactured the artificial aggregate is dealt with the principle of self-burning of the raw material's batch at the agglomerative grate. The optimalization of the burning process was performed both with the homogenous and the layered batch. Further part of the work focuses on the fabrication of diverse types of concrete and determination of their parametres. This section is significantly extended with the comparison of basic physical and specific properities of the new type of concrete with those of the commonly produced types. The last part of presented work deals with the ecological - economic situation of these issues. The proposed solution points to the possibility of utilization of the coal tailings which are put to the tailings heaps. It was managed to optimize the burning process and to find the most convenient system for storing the raw material's batch at the agglomerative grate. Next, it was proved that the types of concrete produced with a new sort of aggregate are also suitable for fabricating the construction concrete with the strength above the border of 50 MPa, which are applicable even in harder conditions. These sorts of concrete also have a lower volume weight and very good bending properties. The major finding, which underlines the contribution of this work, is that the up to now unused material is suitable for fabrication of relatively high-quality and thermally stable aggregate of strength on the border of 5 MPa, which can be use for fabricating concrete with very good results even in this field. Another great contribution of this work can surely be the fact, that a preliminary economic balance of the manufacturing pr
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Biomass boilers
Bednář, František ; Štelcl, Otakar (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with biomass boilers for heating family house. The thesis is divided into several parts. In the first part are characterized solid fuels, the individual kinds of solid fuels, properties, modifications and processing are described to finishing suitable form for burning. The second part describes individual biomass boilers for house heating. The last part of this thesis compares the selected biomass boilers from an economic perspective.
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Conceptual project of coal source reconstruction
Kocourek, Tomáš ; Baláš, Marek (referee) ; Milčák, Pavel (advisor)
The diploma thesis’s deals with the conceptual design of the coal boiler into biomass boiler conversion. The first part of the thesis describes coal as a fuel, also the reasons why are we quitting from it are mentioned here. The next part of the thesis contains a description of the existing coal boiler and a conceptual design of the new reconstructed boiler. Balance calculations are then performed for both sources. The final part of the thesis deals with the comparison of sources based on performed balance calculations.
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The End of the Coal Era - regeneration of the Karviná region after shutting down the coal mining industry and the future of the locality Karviná-Doly
Šutvajová, Zuzana ; Polák, Jiří (referee) ; Kaftan, Martin (advisor)
The era of mining non-renewable resources in the Karviná region is slowly coming to an end. The coal, which gave the region its specific character and life, is slowly becoming a history. The issue of land recovery after the end of mining has many aspects. In addition to the regeneration of brownfields of mining companies, it also entails ecological revitalization of the area, economic and sociological aspects. Mining has been part of the culture and history of these regions for many years, so we need to be sensitive to this regional industrial identity and find a way to sustainability and ecology in the context of landscape transformation. In the project, students will focus on the area of the St. Peter's Church of Alkantara “leaning church”. The leaning church is one of the last historical footprints left by the original town of Karvinná, which disappeared due to the undermining and subsequent landslides of the land. Today the church together with the Barbora and Gabriela mines defines an area that has lived for many years- mainly due to coal mining, which eventually destroyed it. This unique place, where nature gradually overlaps the traces of mining activity from the past, hides a number of new ecosystems and untapped potential. It the thesis, the research of possible strategies for the restoration of such an area will be made, which results will be applied to specific urban and architectural solutions. The solutions should bring a new drive for an upcoming development and innovation, while preserving the region's industrial history and bringing it to a general public.
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Reducing the content of combustible substances in the flying ash
Mucha, Matej ; Špiláček, Michal (referee) ; Baláš, Marek (advisor)
The thesis deals with formation, usage, advantages and disadvantages of fluidized bed. It describes power plant Vojany, the process of generation power, used technology of fluidized bed boilers and their technical problems. The thesis summarizes the solutions given by University of technology Czestochova and also gives suggestion to solve the problem of large content of combustible coal parts in fly ash.
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Coal burning as a source of mercury soil contamination
Paclíková, Karolína ; Vaňková, Maria (advisor) ; Mihaljevič, Martin (referee)
Mercury (Hg) is a global pollutant, released into the environment from both, anthropogenic and natural sources. The most significant Hg emission source is burning of fossil fuels, especially coal combustion (60%). Although Hg occurs in low concentration in coal, a large volume of coal combusted makes coaal-fired power plants ano of the largest source of Hg emission into the atmosphere and consequently to the environment. This bachelor thesis summarized the knowledge about the geochemistry of Hg in coal and soil. At the same time provides information on the distribution of Hg in soils in the Frýdlant district, area that has been affected by emissions from coal-fired power plants. The total Hg concentration in soils, coal and wastes (fly ash and bottom ash) from power plant Turów was determined by AMA-254. The concentration in the coal ranged between 217-973 µg.kg-1 Hg, the average concentration in fly ash was 94 µg.kg-1 Hg and the lowest concentration of Hg was in the bottom ash, 1-2 µg.kg-1 Hg. The average Hg concentration in soil organic horizons was 334 µg.kg-1 with the highest value 510 µg.kg-1 Hg. The obstained data were not consistent with previous study, where concentration of Hg in forest floor in Frýdlant district reached up to 1 148 µg.kg-1 . The Hg concentration in studied forest soils...
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Lignite degradation in soil environment
Vybíralová, Natálie ; Salaš, Petr (referee) ; Pekař, Miloslav (advisor)
This Master‘s thesis deals with the topic of coal and, more precisely South Moravian lignite. Lignite was degraded by using biological and chemical methods, which included oxidation of lignite with hydrogen peroxide. Special attention was paid to the degradation of lignite in the soil environment, where the simulation of natural fields conditions took place for 6 months. Furthermore, a simulation of root exudates was carried out using organic acids, which occur naturally in the soil environment and directly affect life in the soil and around the roots of the plant. Lignite degradation was also performed using a cultured bacterial solution and then using a commercially available horticultural products to increase the activity of soil microorganisms and promote growth.
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