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The analysis of relationship between unemployment and property crime
Fabová, Lucia ; Melzochová, Jitka (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
Paper examines the relationship between unemployment and property crime activity. The analysis is conducted by the method of fixed effects on panel data for 14 regions of the Czech Republic. I use quarterly data from the first quarter of 2007 to the third quarter of 2013. The influence of unemployment is examined on models for 7 different property crimes: robberies, burglaries into shops, flats, houses, weekend cottages, pickpocketing and pilfering cars. After estimation the econometric model results show a positive effect of unemployment on burglaries to houses. Other monitored property crimes have not proven to be statistically significant.
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Political cycles: Do the politics buy their voters' ballots with higher expenditures?
Fischerová, Veronika ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Procházka, Pavel (referee)
The present thesis is concerned with the existence of political cycles in European Union member states between 1990 and 2013. These cycles are of two types: political business cycles and political budget cycles. The analysis was performed by means of the fixed effects method (using first differences) along with a visual analysis of data. The results obtained from three types of data sets show that two years before elections, inflation grows at 0.47%, unemployment rate at 0.5%, and structural balance at 0.8%. One of the data sets reveals that structural balance is reduced by 0.39% in election years. The visual analysis clearly demonstrates that there exist political business cycles in Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Poland and Sweden. Political budget cycles have been proven to exist in Belgium, France, Cyprus, Malta, Germany, Slovakia and the United Kingdom.
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An analysis of the determinants of suicide rates in OECD countries
Hainz, Filip ; Kovanda, Lukáš (advisor) ; Čermáková, Klára (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes the impact of selected socioeconomic factors on suicide rates among 32 OECD countries between years 2005-2010. Based on analysis by fixed and random effects method, the thesis confirms 2 stated hypothesis, which are: 1. Suicide rate is negatively correlated with GDP per capita, 2. Suicide rate is positively correlated with unemployment. Analysis implies that increase of GDP per capita leads to decrease in suicide rate by approximately 0,3 %. To the contrary, increase of unemployment by 1 percentage point leads to increase in suicide rate by about 1 %. Other identified significant factors are: alcohol consumption per capita and average hours worked in employment which positively, respectively negatively correlate with suicide rate. Findings mentioned above are consistent with sociological hypothesis stated by Henry and Short and economical hypothesis stated by Hamermesh and Soss.
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To what extent does excise tax lower alcohol consumption?
Fischerová, Veronika ; Lahvička, Jiří (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
This work considers the influence of excise tax on alcohol and the consumption of various kinds of alcoholic beverages. The focus is an area of the European Union between the years 1990-2009. The analysis uses fixed effects and first differencing. The results show that the growth in tax on spirits of 36 euros from the minimum (3 euros) to the maximum rate (39 euros) leads to a decrease in consumption of spirits by 24% and consumption of ethyl alcohol by 10%. If the intermediate products tax of 5 euros grows from the minimum rate (0 euro) to the maximum rate (5 euros), the consumption of ethyl alcohol will decrease by 12% and consumption of spirits by 21%. The growth in tax on wine of 5 euros from a minimum rate (0 euro) to the maximum rate (5 euros) leads to a decline in consumption of wine by 8.4%. The growth in tax on beer of 3 euros from a minimum rate (0 euro) to the maximum rate (3 euros) leads to an increase in consumption of spirits by 6.8% and consumption of wine by 86%, which means that spirits and beer and wine and beer are substitutes. The growth in real GDP per capita of 4100 euros leads to increased consumption of different types of alcoholic beverages by 3,7-9%.
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How business cycle affects marriage rate?
Kouklík, Jakub ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Bolcha, Peter (referee)
The thesis finds out how business cycle (expressed as unemployment rate) affects marriage rate. The regression analysis has been done using fixed effects method with inclusion of robust errors on panel data of European Union countries from 2000 to 2010. Analysis confirmed significance of researched relationship. 1% increase in men's unemployment rate is connected with 0, 08% decrease in growth rate of marriage rate, which is caused by decreasing of demand for men because of lower incomes. On the contrary increase of women's unemployment rate about 1 % is connected with 0, 06% increase in growth rate of marriage rate, which indicates confirmation of women's economic independence hypothesis. Other significant variables were ratio of women to working population and income ratio. Whereas an increasing proportion of women in labor population causes decline in growth rate of marriage rate, women's catching up with men's income raises growth rate of marriage rate.
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Does level of aggressiveness in society influence number of road fatalities in country?
Cvrček, Jakub ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Stejkoza, Josef (referee)
The thesis analyses the relationship between level of aggressiveness in society and number of road fatalities using data from the states of European union from 2004 to 2008. It describes socioeconomic determinants that explain violent behavior in countries and than focuses on individual rate of aggressiveness and rate of aggressiveness in society. Regression analysis is made by fixed effects method after that. The analysis confirms positive relationship between rate of aggressiveness in society (measured by homicide rate and number of housebreaking) and number of road fatalities. Others significant variables were evaluated GDP growth, tax ratio amount, unemployment rate, number of doctors, young people ratio, alcohol consumption, seat belt using and number of passenger-kilometers in country. The mechanism of their effect on road fatalities rate is discussed. Estimated results were used to formulation of recommendation for reduce number of road fatalities.
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