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The concept of man in economics
Zeman, Jakub ; Sirůček, Pavel (advisor) ; Džbánková, Zuzana (referee)
The thesis discusses the concept of man in the standard economic thinking. It focuses on a critical evaluation of the selected fundamentals. It presents some possible alternative views which show deficiencies in axiomatics of the main currents of economic modeling. Emphasizing the interdisciplinary connections of knowledge about human thought and behavior the thesis is trying to suggest some directions for further development in the approach to human beings in economics to better reflect their defining natural characteristics. It also mentions some of the manifestations of these characteristics, which can be obtained by drawing on the knowledge of psychology, behavioral economics, neuroeconomics and other disciplines and which are inconsistent with standard models, because they lead to errors and irrationality, implicitly produce bounded rationality or attribute the constitutive importance during the formation of thought to completely different elements. In conclusion, the thesis passes to reflect the position of irrationality in the inner world of human's brain and also in the outside world - the economy.
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Exact methods in trade (model approximation)
Zeithamer, Tomáš ; Drozen, František (advisor) ; Jablonský, Josef (referee) ; Malý, Josef (referee) ; Kloc, Karel (referee)
The paper deals with quantum economy. It means the methods of quantum mechanics are applied in the study of economic processes. The scalar abstract economic quantities are constructed as follows: general abstract economic quantity F , average abstract economic quantity FA, marginal abstract economic quantity FM, marginal average abstract economic quantity FMA, average marginal abstract economic quantity FAM, elasticity of abstract economic quantity EF. All the abstract economic quantities mentioned above are constructed as mappings. The general theory of abstract economic quantities is utilized in a construction of the abstract total gross profit TGP. The set of static models of total gross profit TGP is constructed in the case that the first unit gross profit is slowly changed with time while the second unit gross profit is quickly changed with time in comparison with the first unit gross profit.
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Wavelet Transform and its Application in the Analysis of Economic and Financial Time Series
Bašta, Milan ; Arlt, Josef (advisor) ; Málek, Jiří (referee) ; Mareš, Milan (referee)
The thesis deals with a brief compilation of the theory of Fourier transform, linear filtration and a triad of wavelet transforms -- the maximal overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT), the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and the continuous wavelet transform (CWT). These transforms are among others applied to the analysis of the time-varying character of variability in the time series, to the detection of events of significant changes of variability, to the removal of noise in the time series (denoising) and to the time-scale analysis of the relationship of two time series. The analyzed time series used in this thesis are the logarithm of the Garman-Klass estimate of the historical volatility, the time series of stock returns and the logarithm of the monthly inflation rate. In some cases artificial time series are analyzed. The procedures and methods introduced in the thesis might be well implemented in the analysis of other economic and financial time series. The contribution of the thesis is a brief and easy-to-use compilation of the wavelet theory and the application of the wavelet transform to such financial and economic time series, where such an analysis tool has never been applied before. New insights into the properties of time series are thus obtained, insights, which might be hardly recovered by traditional means and methods.
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Virtual Worlds
Novák, František ; Pokorný, Pavel (advisor) ; Kubátová, Jaroslava (referee)
The bachelor's thesis is focused on highlighting the development of virtual worlds. The paper summarizes the evolution of virtual reality. Current virtual worlds are compared in fundamental aspects, such as sociology, economics and education. Social sphere describes the interaction in virtual reality and its specialities. Economical sphere is focused on comparison of real and virtual economies, including their economic indicators. Educational sphere describes the sciences, which are best useable in virtual reality. In each category is compared the Second Life and the largest MMORPG today. Further are monitored possibilities of virtual reality for academic purposes, particularly for economic education. It is also evaluated using the general suitability of virtual worlds for teaching and specialized economic simulators on the other hand.
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Islamic Economics: New Paradigm in Economics?
Obdržálek, Jakub ; Lipka, David (advisor) ; Mičúch, Marek (referee)
This thesis presents and applies at Islamic economics one of the approaches on basis of wich is it possible to identify or to refuse Islamic economics as a new paradigm. The aim of the thesis is achieved by the way of comparison of this concept to the economics as such, defined on the basis of Colader's, Holt's and Rosser's definition of mainstream economics, and the conclusion is made that on the basis of the comparative analysis it is rather impossible to describe modern Islamic economics as a new paradigm in economics.
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Efficiency evaluation models and their applications
MARKOVÁ, Klára
Thesis themed "Efficiency evaluation models and their applications" deals with mathematical models for the efficiency evaluation of comparable production units and targets the utilization of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for this purpose. The thesis aims first to describe DEA models and mention possibilities of their application and then to practise the theoretical knowledge by using proper software in a factual instance. To reach this aim the thesis is composed of two parts {--} theoretical abstract and practical application. The abstract contains basic theory of DEA: fundamental principles, input data and results and description of primary, alternate and modified models. A summary of software applications that can evaluate efficiency using DEA follows. The abstract is closed with some real examples of DEA applications in practice. The second part of the thesis arose from cooperation with a fire department of a factual region of the Czech Republic. The efficiency of its 16 fire stations is compared by using a proper DEA model. A number of actions (output) and a number of employees, a level of fire equipment and an inside area (inputs) are established for each fire station on the strength of the fire department{\crq}s statistics, databases and estimations. The efficiency calculation is performed through the use of the Frontier Analyst Professional, software application specially made for the DEA analysis. Regarding the outputs uncontrollable character an input-oriented DEA model is chosen for the calculation of the fire stations efficiency. A result of the DEA efficiency analysis consists in separating the effective and ineffective fire stations of the surveyed fire department. The potential improvement (inputs decrease), necessary to reach the maximal efficiency, is proposed to each ineffective fire station. This suggestion is further adapted with respect to the real feasibility and the Czech legislative order. The practical part of the thesis is concluded with appreciation to what degree the stated targets were reached and to what degree the application of the DEA method to comparing the factual fire stations efficiency was rewarding.
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The Economic Development of Spain after the Fall of Franco's Regime
BENEŠOVÁ, Markéta
This bachelor thesis puts for its goal to map the spanish economy of 20th Century with the emphasis on the period from 1975 until today. The whole work is divided into four main chapters. The first chapter focuses on the economic development during the Franco´s Regime, the second chapter aims to give a view about the spanish economy during the democratic consolidation which started in 1975. The third chapter concludes the economic advancements after 1986 - the year Spain entered into European Community (since 1992 European Union) and analyzes how this fact has influenced the further economic development in the country. The fourth and final chapter explains the preparation period for joining European Monetary System in 1999 and the economical impact after adoption of euro since 2002 until today.
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