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Role of laterality in agonistic behaviour of red deer II
Jirsová, Adéla ; Bartoš, Luděk (advisor) ; Kouba, Marek (referee)
The theoretical part of this diploma thesis deals with the role of brain laterality of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in agonistic behaviour. Therefore, the largest part of the review of published scientific outcome is devoted to the agonistic behaviour, namely it focuses on the fights between males during the autumn rut. Battles are strictly ritualized and males adhere to strict rules. The role of laterality in animals is being recently studied and the outcomes so far indicates that, particularly in agonistic interactions the laterality may play a significant role. Brain lateralization is simply a preference for one or the other hemisphere in certain activities. The main topic of this thesis is how laterality affects combat of red deer.
The research part took place in a deer-park Zátoň where the duels between stags in rut were recorded. We also used videos from farms Podlesko and Žalany and a deer-park Milešov. These records were processed in the program Noldus Observes, with emphasis placed on the facts which deer was the initiator of the fight and his position to opponent, or with which eye the opponent was perceived at the beginning, but also during the fight. Data were statistically evaluated in SAS software (version 9.4., SAS Institute Inc.). We observed a strong tendency that the winner also initiates the interaction. Chance, that the winner will be the initiator, was compared to recipient 15 times higher. Initiator estimates his option in the battle to win, so he does not let the duel quit before it comes to physical confrontation. Regardless of the character of the behaviour initiator approached his rival more likely on right eye. There was statistically significant demonstrated initiator access to the recipient from the right side in parallel walk as well as in direct physical engagement. As stags train fights during the whole year, so even in the rut are information processed by the left hemisphere, which controls the routine affairs. We can say, that the deer fights during the rut are so frequent, when applies the routine of using antlers as a weapons and therefore we observe right side preference.
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Team cooperation and personal development in construction company
Rychetský, Tomáš ; Beranek, Petr (referee) ; Linkeschová, Dana (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis is dedicated to team cooperation and personal development in construction company. Characterizes the team leadership through finding common sense and defining values based on Golden circle. Describes current trends in the labor market, which meet both companies and also people. There is the research survey by understanding interview in the empirical part supplemented by current research on this topic. The aim is to theoretically define the topic, perform empirical research, analyze and propose solutions.
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Aristoteles on MRI: Screenwriting through perspective of cognitive science
Šifra, Miroslav ; POZZI, Jaroslav (advisor) ; KAJÁNKOVÁ, Lucia (referee)
Our stories are not taking place in the cinema, but in the mind of viewer - that's basic idea behind this thesis.
Best tools for insight into the minds of people are coming from cognitive sciences, but their perspective is often ignored by screenwriters.
How does the pattern-seeking brain works? Which psychological effects can influence the first act of screenplay? What is an anchoring? What screenwriter needs to know about selling home bakery? What is
theory of mirror neurons and what it can teach us about an empathy? How much information is just too much? And how viewer's attention operates?
These questions and examples from author's own work attempt to describe how to look at screenwriter's craft through the cognitive perspective.
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Negativní vliv konzumace alkoholu na lidský mozek
Mrázová, Olga
The brain is one of the most impornant organ of the human body. Manages all operations and processes that run throughout the body. During the man's life acting on the brain several positive and negative impacts. In the last few years is a very hot topic effect of alcohol on brain functions. It monitors both the time impact and quantity of consumed alcohol not only on gender, but also plays large role in education, social and community inclusion. Very high risk group are children, adolescents and pregnant women. The thesis is focused on the study of the literature dealing with the impact of alcohol on the brain and its functions. The published works have shown that short-term of alcohol consuption affects the brain and its functions in a shorter period of time and usually does not seriously sign on brain damage, but rather is influenced short-term memory. Much more serious impact on the brain and its functions has long-term excessive alcohol consuption, which in the long-term causes health problems to consumers, which are manifested not only by changes in the brain activity, but they are also affected by somatic functions of the human body.
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Analysis of intracranial pressure
Procházka, Ondřej ; Kolářová, Jana (referee) ; Kozumplík, Jiří (advisor)
The aim of my bachelor’s work is the literature review about problematic of measurement and evaluation of intracranial pressure. I describe physical principle of intracranial pressure, anatomy of cerebral ventricle and different accesses and placement of measuring instruments in intracranial place. Moreover I describe evaluation of clinical data at standard way and explain analysis in frequency and time domain by program MATLAB. I make a script for analysis ICP data. It calculates main ICP, amplitude and latency of waves, RAP index and shows spectrum of amplitude.
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Segmentation of the basic parts of human brain in MR data
Klásek, Pavel ; Jiřík, Radovan (referee) ; Malínský, Miloš (advisor)
This work describes segmentation methods used in image data processing, from which there are selected and implemented suitable methods for solving the assignment of segmentation parts of human brain – region growing and watershed algorithm. Segmentation techniques are realized on real data sources. Final segmentation results are presented, compared and evaluated accordig to the advanced software FreeSurfer segmentation results. In addition there is a list of available software that can be applied for the purpose of neurological image segmentation.
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Advanced Algorithms for 3D Medical Image Data Fusion in Specific Medical Problems
Malínský, Miloš ; Flusser,, Jan (referee) ; Kozubek,, Michal (referee) ; Jan, Jiří (advisor)
Fúze obrazu je dnes jednou z nejběžnějších avšak stále velmi diskutovanou oblastí v lékařském zobrazování a hraje důležitou roli ve všech oblastech lékařské péče jako je diagnóza, léčba a chirurgie. V této dizertační práci jsou představeny tři projekty, které jsou velmi úzce spojeny s oblastí fúze medicínských dat. První projekt pojednává o 3D CT subtrakční angiografii dolních končetin. V práci je využito kombinace kontrastních a nekontrastních dat pro získání kompletního cévního stromu. Druhý projekt se zabývá fúzí DTI a T1 váhovaných MRI dat mozku. Cílem tohoto projektu je zkombinovat stukturální a funkční informace, které umožňují zlepšit znalosti konektivity v mozkové tkáni. Třetí projekt se zabývá metastázemi v CT časových datech páteře. Tento projekt je zaměřen na studium vývoje metastáz uvnitř obratlů ve fúzované časové řadě snímků. Tato dizertační práce představuje novou metodologii pro klasifikaci těchto metastáz. Všechny projekty zmíněné v této dizertační práci byly řešeny v rámci pracovní skupiny zabývající se analýzou lékařských dat, kterou vedl pan Prof. Jiří Jan. Tato dizertační práce obsahuje registrační část prvního a klasifikační část třetího projektu. Druhý projekt je představen kompletně. Další část prvního a třetího projektu, obsahující specifické předzpracování dat, jsou obsaženy v disertační práci mého kolegy Ing. Romana Petera.
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Measurement of biological signals with Bipack system
Brudík, Vladislav ; Hlaváček, Antonín (referee) ; Valla, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with questions of sensing electrical brain activity by electroencephalograph, and the data processing. Theoretical part is focused on brain, it's anatomy and functions. It also deals with biological signals, types of curves and systems used for measuring EEG curves. For purpose of signal processing it's been designed application software with GUI interface. This application software displays EEG curves, significant frequency ranges, frequency spectrum and filtered areas of characteristic waves.
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Influence of PbO and CdO nanoparticles on particular physiological functions in mouse.
Svozilová, Eva ; Vrlíková, Lucie (referee) ; Večeřa, Zbyněk (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor´s thesis is to assess the long-term effects of inhalation of nanoparticles of lead oxide and cadmium oxide on the weight of selected organs of experimental white mice. The selected organs (spleen, liver, kidney, lungs, brain) were successively collected during a period of thirteen weeks. The effect of inhalation of both metal oxides was statistically evaluated. In both study groups of the experiment (PbO and CdO), the relation between organs weight and the length of inhalation and the relation between organs weight and inhalation of differing metal concentrations were evaluated, and results both of the study groups were compared to each other.
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Operations of human mind and their functions in understanding
Slánský, Vojtěch ; Pstružina, Karel (advisor) ; Pavlíčková, Jarmila (referee)
Subject of this work is human mind. In first section there are described important mechanisms, on which mind operates. Second section is devoted for description of unconscious mind and weaknesses it has. Some of the phenomenons are tested by an experiment and results are in the end of related chapter. The goal of this work is to create sumary of functioning of human mind, mostly of unconscious part and to test mistakes people are making in their judgement.
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