|
|
Primary School Pupil Numbers and Demographic Change in Czech Municipalities
Kusovská, Marie
Primary School Pupil Numbers and Demographic Change in Czech Municipalities Abstract Following a sharp fall in fertility to its historical minimum after 1990, the population of Czechia began to increase again gradually. Consequently birth cohorts of varying size are emerging and these then enter the education system. Moreover suburbanisation has led to a change in population distribution. These factors have mean that in some areas primary school capacity does not reflect the numbers of primary school age children, with some schools having insufficient places and others suffering from a lack of pupils. The aim of this dissertation is to analyse regional demographic change in Czechia after 1990, including changes in the spatial pattern of compulsory school age children (6-14 years). The information obtained is set against the changes in the spatial patterns of primary school pupils and maximum primary school capacity. The whole analysis is undertaken within the catchment regions for combined primary schools (schools that provide nine years of primary and middle school education), which were created on the basis of the shortest road distance from the district to the nearest combined primary school. Webb's graphs were used along with spatial autocorrelation since these are appropriate methods for conducting...
|
|
|
Accessibility of health care in the Czech Republic according to the geodemographic characteristics of the population
Novák, Martin
Accessibility of health care in the Czech Republic according to the geodemographic characteristics of the population Abstract Public healthcare is a subject that affects us all. The health and medical status of the population is a key measure of how advanced a country is. That is why healthcare issues attract so much debate. A number of factors affect the health of a nation. On one hand there are factors such as how individuals look after their health. Dietary habits, sufficient physical exercise and preventive care are all factors that the individual has control over. On the other hand, however, there are determinants affecting whether healthcare take-up is adequate. The cost of providing healthcare and medical equipment together with healthcare accessibility - the topic of this thesis - are factors affecting the population's health. It is the duty of all public healthcare stakeholders to limit the impact of these determiners. One of the main barriers to healthcare take-up is accessibility. On 1 January 2013 government decree no. 307/2012 Coll. came into effect quantifying healthcare accessibility for the first time. This law stipulates the local and travel time accessibility that ensures accessibility depending on type of healthcare on the basis of an upper travel time limit or waiting period....
|
|
|
Gender Index in the Czech Public Firms
Velková, Eliška ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Chadimová, Kateřina (referee)
This bachelor thesis examines the extent of gender inequality in the Czech labour market. More specifically, it explores the under-representation of women on board positions using an analysis prepared by Open Society which contains data of more than 500 Czech public firms. The data analysis is made using the method of Kohonen self-organizing maps. SOMs represent a type of artificial neural network which allows to uncover possible patterns in a dataset and also visualize the multi-dimensional input data as a two-dimensional mapping while preserving topological properties of the input. To date, there is no academic paper examining gender inequality on decision-making positions in the Czech labour market using the method of Kohonen maps. The used dataset includes 77 Czech regions and 14 variables. A choice of appropriate factors that may influence the participation of women in the labour market is essential. The results are presented in 5 clusters of regions which differ in level of gender gap. In conclusion, our results prove that self-organizing maps are a useful data mining tool which can simply interpret high-dimensional data sets. 1
|
|
|
Fertility tables and application of the method in the analysis of regional differentiation of fertility in Spain
Ukolova, Elizaveta ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to construct period fertility tables according to Human Fertility Database methodology and different kinds of fertility indices, which are possible to derive from fertility table's functions. The method is then used when analysing regional differences in fertility behaviour among Spanish regions in 1981, 1991, 1999 and 2011. The study begins with a general overview of fertility trends in Spain. Then, the data part follows. Next, the methodology is discussed and some table's indices, which Human Fertility Database does not provide, are constructed. Following chapters focus on application of the method to real data. It was found out, that with the help of period fertility tables one can calculate not only the age and parity adjusted total fertility rate and the table mean age at birth, but also various transition probabilities between parity states and as well as other measures. All this could be done due to the possibility of deeper disaggregation of the table population. The main results obtained by applying the method brought several interesting findings. Most importantly, differences across regions in Spain have been disappearing over the years, but they still persist in some form, as regions with a higher fertility rate were concentrated in the southern part of the country in...
|
|
|
Regional differences in the population development of the USA, focusing on the 21st century
Naxera, Martin ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee)
Regional differences in the population development of the USA, focusing on the 21st century Abstract This paper examines the population development problematics of four Census Regions of the USA designated by the U.S. Census Bureau during the time period of 2000-2017. Using the standard demographic analytical methods of public access population estimates, public health and migration data, significant differences are found. Most significant differences are found in case of the migration between Census Regions. Additionally, the paper examines the effect of the Great Recession, which was peaking during the years 2007-2009, on the population development. Especially the fertility characteristics seem to be affected by this event. Keywords: population development, USA, regional differences, economic recession
|
|
|
Regional differentiation of fertility according to legitimacy in the Czech Republic, 1993-2012
Říhová, Kristýna ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee)
Regional differentiation of fertility according to legitimacy in the Czech Republic, 1993-2012 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyze the evolution of marital and extra-marital fertility in the Czech Republic between 1993-2012. In addition to a brief overview of the Czech Republic, the focus is on data for the districts. To demonstrate the developments and comparisons, we selected the starting and ending years and also the years 1999 and 2008. Thus, the years in when the least and the most children were born. Because of different numbers of births during the years surveyed between individual districts, comparisons of percentages of births were chosen. We have demonstrated that there are differences between districts and larger proportion of children who were born outside of marriage, especially single mothers in the districts in the northwest, the north, and the northeast of the Czech Republic. These data were illustrated in using cartograms with the help of ArcMac. We also focused on the relationship between the birth order of the child and the mother's marital status. Here, we demonstrated that the share of children born to single mothers is higher in children of the firstborn than of the second- and third- born. Keywords: Marital and extra-marital fertility, mother's marital status, birth order,...
|
|
|
Primary School Pupil Numbers and Demographic Change in Czech Municipalities
Kusovská, Marie ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kučerová, Silvie Rita (referee) ; Fiala, Tomáš (referee)
Primary School Pupil Numbers and Demographic Change in Czech Municipalities Abstract Following a sharp fall in fertility to its historical minimum after 1990, the population of Czechia began to increase again gradually. Consequently birth cohorts of varying size are emerging and these then enter the education system. Moreover suburbanisation has led to a change in population distribution. These factors have mean that in some areas primary school capacity does not reflect the numbers of primary school age children, with some schools having insufficient places and others suffering from a lack of pupils. The aim of this dissertation is to analyse regional demographic change in Czechia after 1990, including changes in the spatial pattern of compulsory school age children (6-14 years). The information obtained is set against the changes in the spatial patterns of primary school pupils and maximum primary school capacity. The whole analysis is undertaken within the catchment regions for combined primary schools (schools that provide nine years of primary and middle school education), which were created on the basis of the shortest road distance from the district to the nearest combined primary school. Webb's graphs were used along with spatial autocorrelation since these are appropriate methods for conducting...
|
|
|
Accessibility of health care in the Czech Republic according to the geodemographic characteristics of the population
Novák, Martin ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kraus, Jaroslav (referee) ; Hnilicová, Helena (referee)
Accessibility of health care in the Czech Republic according to the geodemographic characteristics of the population Abstract Public healthcare is a subject that affects us all. The health and medical status of the population is a key measure of how advanced a country is. That is why healthcare issues attract so much debate. A number of factors affect the health of a nation. On one hand there are factors such as how individuals look after their health. Dietary habits, sufficient physical exercise and preventive care are all factors that the individual has control over. On the other hand, however, there are determinants affecting whether healthcare take-up is adequate. The cost of providing healthcare and medical equipment together with healthcare accessibility - the topic of this thesis - are factors affecting the population's health. It is the duty of all public healthcare stakeholders to limit the impact of these determiners. One of the main barriers to healthcare take-up is accessibility. On 1 January 2013 government decree no. 307/2012 Coll. came into effect quantifying healthcare accessibility for the first time. This law stipulates the local and travel time accessibility that ensures accessibility depending on type of healthcare on the basis of an upper travel time limit or waiting period....
|
|
|
Accessibility of health care in the Czech Republic according to the geodemographic characteristics of the population
Novák, Martin
Accessibility of health care in the Czech Republic according to the geodemographic characteristics of the population Abstract Public healthcare is a subject that affects us all. The health and medical status of the population is a key measure of how advanced a country is. That is why healthcare issues attract so much debate. A number of factors affect the health of a nation. On one hand there are factors such as how individuals look after their health. Dietary habits, sufficient physical exercise and preventive care are all factors that the individual has control over. On the other hand, however, there are determinants affecting whether healthcare take-up is adequate. The cost of providing healthcare and medical equipment together with healthcare accessibility - the topic of this thesis - are factors affecting the population's health. It is the duty of all public healthcare stakeholders to limit the impact of these determiners. One of the main barriers to healthcare take-up is accessibility. On 1 January 2013 government decree no. 307/2012 Coll. came into effect quantifying healthcare accessibility for the first time. This law stipulates the local and travel time accessibility that ensures accessibility depending on type of healthcare on the basis of an upper travel time limit or waiting period....
|
|
|
Primary School Pupil Numbers and Demographic Change in Czech Municipalities
Kusovská, Marie
Primary School Pupil Numbers and Demographic Change in Czech Municipalities Abstract Following a sharp fall in fertility to its historical minimum after 1990, the population of Czechia began to increase again gradually. Consequently birth cohorts of varying size are emerging and these then enter the education system. Moreover suburbanisation has led to a change in population distribution. These factors have mean that in some areas primary school capacity does not reflect the numbers of primary school age children, with some schools having insufficient places and others suffering from a lack of pupils. The aim of this dissertation is to analyse regional demographic change in Czechia after 1990, including changes in the spatial pattern of compulsory school age children (6-14 years). The information obtained is set against the changes in the spatial patterns of primary school pupils and maximum primary school capacity. The whole analysis is undertaken within the catchment regions for combined primary schools (schools that provide nine years of primary and middle school education), which were created on the basis of the shortest road distance from the district to the nearest combined primary school. Webb's graphs were used along with spatial autocorrelation since these are appropriate methods for conducting...
|
guest ::
