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Red Brigades and Their Functioning in Italy in the 1970s
Pešta, Mikuláš ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Koura, Jan (referee)
The left-wing terrorism in Italy in the 1970s and the Red brigades as its most significant symptom resulted in the long-term view from the fight between the partisans and the fascists in the Second World War and from the short-term view from the students' and labourers' protests in the end of 1960s. The Red brigades were founded in 1970 and were composed mainly by students from Trento (Curcio, Cagol), communists from Reggio Emilia (Franceschini, Gallinari) and labourers from Milano (Moretti). They began in the first years of their functioning with agitation in the factories, burning the cars of the high managers and kidnapping. The thesis follows gradual radicalisation of the group and the change of their aims - from this moment on mostly politicians, judges, state magistrates. The transformation of the Red brigades related to the personal changes in the leadership - after Curcio and Franceschini were arrested and Cagol killed, radical Moretti became very influential. The organisation under his leadership started to kill intentionally its victims and the wave of brutal attacks culminated in the spring 1978 in kidnapping and murder of former Prime Minister Aldo Moro. The Red brigades however became strongly socially isolated and several ideological differences among the members of the administration...
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Comparison of the West German and Czechoslovakian Student Movement in 1960s
Batková, Žaneta ; Koura, Jan (advisor) ; Horčička, Václav (referee)
The main aim of this bachelor thesis is a comparison of student movements in Federal Republic of Germany and Czechoslovakia during the 1960s. The first part of the thesis analyzes the basic ideas student movement in Federal Republic of Germany during the 1960s. Furthermore, it focuses on, causes of its establishment, goals and course. The next chapter analyzes student movement in Czechoslovakia from the same perspective, but the analysis was logically different because Czechoslovakia had a different political system than Federal Republic of Germany. The last chapters compare both movements with the emphasis on their specifics and ideas. A special attention is paid on contacts between the representatives of these movements.
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The Movement of 68' and the Catholic Church in Germany
Bratinka, Ondřej ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Horčička, Václav (referee)
The first part of the thesis focuses on the history of the student movement of 68ers in West Germany and its Marxist ideological fundaments. The second part explores the development, within the German Catholic Church, of the most significant ideological currents which survived the regime of National Socialism and have continued to influence the society of post-war Germany. The author then analyzes the ideological clash of the modern neo-Marxist movement and modern secular society with social teachings of the Catholic Church as formulated by the Second Vatican Council. The aim of the thesis is to probe the diverse ideological world in Germany of the nineteen sixties, mainly its extreme left versus its conservative opposition. In the final part the author reviews the societal consequences of the dramatic late sixties and the influence of the most relevant societal institutions and ideological movements in the last 150 years of German history. A summary of some of the problems which the current German secular and Church historiographies face, whose most recent findings were the study material for the thesis, is presented.
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