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Environmental aspects of japan poplar growing - greenhouse gases emissions
KAŇKA, Jakub
The aim of the bachelor thesis "Environmental aspects of japan poplar growing - greenhouse gases emissions" is to create a general overview of cultivation of fast-growing woody plants , specifically japan poplar, by literature study. Another objective is to elaborate a research focused on the environmental impact of its cultivation on greenhouse gas production, which is expressed by the production of carbon dioxide emissions (CO2 eq). For this purpose, the scope of all operations and interventions including the establishment, treatment and subsequent harvesting of the plantation was elaborated in the range of this thesis. Using these data, the total emission burden for the environment in terms of CO2 eq production resulting from the cultivation of energy crops was calculated in the SIMA - PRO program.
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Procesy a fungování bioplynové stanice
ŘEZNÍK, Luboš
It is necessary to look for options of more rational use of energy and find a way how to make the most of renewable energy. As we can see, there has been a huge increase in biogas stations in Czech Republic since 2010. The most used in our country are agricultural biogas stations. The feedstock into a biogas station is mainly manure, liquid manure, crop residues, corn silage, biomass from grasslands, energy crops etc. This bachelor thesis summarizes the history and the basic characteristics of biomass where we are interested in the use of biomass for energy purposes. The thesis also includes the explanation of the history of production and use of biogas in the Czech Republic. In the practical part I analyzed and explained the function of the biogas station Klučenice in the local agricultural establishment. In the thesis is explained how the biogas station was projected. Then I focused in detail on technical operations units, where I made comprehensive evaluations. I split the created operating units into 7 groups, subsequently described in detail and added tables and graphs. In the second phase of practical part I typified and described the annual consumption of vegetal and animal ingredients. Then I made a list of the total electricity production in the biogas station Klučenice and assessed its economic strength.
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Energy crops and world food prices
JEGLA, Martin
This diploma thesis focuses on the analysis of scientific literature and the current situation in the field of energy crops and world food prices and trying to express the contemporary situation in this area through discourse. It seeks to analyse the relationship between the production of technical and energy crops in relation to the production of food commodities, world food prices and the anticipated growth of the world's population. Analysis of secondary statistical data of selected productions of food commodities in the last 5 years and their comparison with the prices of selected technical and energy crops are trying to define the direct and indirect links between the development of prices of these commodities.
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Mycobiota of energy sorrel
Janďourková, Hana ; Novotný, David (advisor) ; Mazáková, Jana (referee)
Energy sorrel (Rumex patientia L. x Rumex tianschanicus A. Los.) is a plant with a high yield of above-ground biomass. Because of this, it is grown as energy crop, but in Ukraine it is also important forage crop. Mycobiota has not been examined, even though energy sorrel is grown in the Czech Republic experimentally since 1992 (in agricultural operations since 2001). The aims of this thesis were: to determine the composition of mycobiota of healthy plants and of mycobiota associated with leaf and stem spots, to verify whether fungi isolated from spots can cause these spots and if previously isolated fungus Phomopsis sp. can cause spots. Samples were colected from 4 sites in Czech republic, in three samplings during the vegetation season. Endophytes were isolated from root, stem and leaf. Fungi asociated with spots were isolated from stem and leaf. Fungi were cultivated on 2% malt extract agar and then morphologically determined. From representative strains were isolated DNA and sequences of the ITS region were compared with the GenBank databases, this verified the morphological determination and the sterile species were determined. The most common endophytes were Clonostachys rosea f. rosea, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Rhizopus arrhizus var. arrhizus, Alternaria alternata a Acremonium strictum...
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Mycobiota of energy sorrel
Janďourková, Hana ; Novotný, David (advisor) ; Nováková, Alena (referee)
Energy sorrel (Rumex patientia L. x Rumex tianschanicus A. Los.) is a plant with a high yield of above-ground biomass. Because of this, it is grown as energy crop, but in Ukraine it is also important forage crop. Mycobiota has not been examined, even though energy sorrel is grown in the Czech Republic experimentally since 1992 (in agricultural operations since 2001). The aims of this thesis were: to determine the composition of mycobiota of healthy plants and of mycobiota associated with leaf and stem spots, to verify whether fungi isolated from spots can cause these spots and if previously isolated fungus Phomopsis sp. can cause spots. Fungi were cultivated on 2% malt extract agar and then morphologically determined. From representative strains were isolated DNA and sequences of the ITS region were compared with the GenBank databases, this verified the morphological determination and the sterile species were determined. In total 24 morphotypes of endophytic fungi were cultivated from healthy plants. The most common species were: Clonostachys rosea f. rosea, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Rhizopus arrhizus var. arrhizus, Alternaria alternata and Acremonium strictum. From the spots were isolated in total 29 morphotypes, the dominant species were: A. strictum, Aureobasidium pullulans, C....
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Study of physiological changes in plants under stress by zinc ions
Adam, Rostislav ; Soudek, Petr (advisor) ; Petrová, Šárka (referee)
Heavy metals are part of us life for many centuries. Some of them are for living organism neccessary, but in large amount they have toxic effects. So we should decrease amount of heavy metals in the Environment. We have many way to do it. A relatively new way are the phytoremediation. If we would use the phytoremediation, we should know, what they do in plants. We must use specific plants, which are tolerant to certain heavy metal. If we would select a suitable plant, we have to try, how heavy metals in soil solution are toxic to plants. Zinc is no expection, although it is important part of many proteins. In plants it make rusty leaves and reduct aboveground and root biomass production. In hydroponic experiment I investigated that mallow Malva verticillata was very sensitive to low additon of Zn(NO3)2. The toxic efect appeared in 2 weeks. In sorghum Sorghum bicolor zinc show expressive toxic effect at concentration 1 mmol/l. I studied six cultivars of Sorghum bicolor, DSM 14-535, Expres, Honey Graze BMR, Nutri Honey, Sucrosorgho 506 and Sweet Virginia. According EC50 I as- sessed that the most sensitive was Sucrosorgho 506 and very tolerant were Nutri Honey and Sweet Virginia. Cultivar Nutri Honey was characteristic. It had the highest ratio concentration in shoot to concentration in root. I studied...
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Fungi of the energetically important plants
Janďourková, Hana ; Novotný, David (advisor) ; Marková, Jaroslava (referee)
This thesis gives a literature review of fungi of energy crops. The most important phytopathogenic and endophytic fungi of these plants are mentioned, with special reference to genus Fusarium. Energy crops are plants growing for phytoenergy. Species suitable for this purpose were chosen especially for great production of biomas with a cost. Various plant species are used for this pupose. Little information of mycobiota of the energy crops is known in comparison with traditional crops. Better are known phytopathogenic than endophytic fungi of energy crops. In my master's thesis I will study endophytic mycobiota of Miscanthus sinensis, Rumex patientia x R. tianschanicus and Sorghum, excerption of mycobiota of these plants was carry out with special attention. Anamorphic genus Fusarium belongs to the most important phytopathogenic and endophytic generas of herbs, therefore closer attention was paid to this taxa. Key words: phytopathogenic fungi, endophytes, energy crops, phytoenergy, Fusarium
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Potential of biomass resources in CZE and costs of its energy utilisation - II
Štěrba, Martin ; Pavlas, Martin (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
In recent years, we are more and more confronted with the concepts of bio-energy, biomass or biofuels. In conjunction with the increasing pressure on the use of these commodities thein demand is increased. Crops for the purpose of energy production may be an important renewable source of energy and are the primary topic of the work submitted. Introductory chapter provides distribution, characteristics, list of representatives of crops and ways of energy utilisation the crops. Is folloved by an introduction to the legislation dealing with energy crops. The market for biofuels is still in its infancy, and therefore the work submitted presents only general view of the current status of the production and use in the Czech Republic and potential prospects. Interesting is also the position of farmers and the issue of competitiveness. These areas are collectively analyzed in the final chapters.
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